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Author |
Bouchet, A. |
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Title |
[Anatomy lessons on animals] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication  |
Histoire des Sciences Medicales |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hist Sci Med |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
331-338 |
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Keywords |
Anatomy/education/*history; Animals; Dissection/history; Education, Medical/history; Education, Veterinary/*history; France; History, 16th Century; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Schools, Veterinary/history |
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Abstract |
The first anatomical studies were realized on the animal by Galen and Vesalius. Bourgelat created the first veterinarian school in Lyons, then in Paris where the famous dissection of a man on his horse can be seen (Fragonard). The Lafosse dynasty was interested in the study of the horse care and the painter Sollier showed the most beautiful coloured engravings about the horses. A chair of anatomy was created to compare the human and animal anatomy by the school of Jardin des Plantes en 1855. |
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French |
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Original Title |
Les lecons d'anatomie sur les animaux |
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ISSN |
0440-8888 |
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Notes |
PMID:17526401 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4000 |
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Author |
Beveridge, W.I. |
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Title |
Unravelling the ecology of influenza A virus |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hist Philos Life Sci |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
23-32 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Bird Diseases/epidemiology/*history/microbiology; Birds; Ecology; History, 20th Century; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/*history/microbiology; Horses; Humans; Influenza A virus/*isolation & purification; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*history/microbiology/*veterinary; Swine; Swine Diseases/epidemiology/*history/microbiology; Zoonoses/history |
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Abstract |
For 20 years after the influenza A virus was discovered in the early 1930s, it was believed to be almost exclusively a human virus. But in the 1950s closely related viruses were discovered in diseases of horses, pigs and birds. Subsequently influenza A viruses were found to occur frequently in many species of birds, particularly ducks, usually without causing disease. Researchers showed that human and animal strains can hybridise thus producing new strains. Such hybrids may be the cause of pandemics in man. Most pandemics have started in China or eastern Russia where many people are in intimate association with animals. This situation provides a breeding ground for new strains of influenza A virus. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0391-9714 |
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Notes |
PMID:8310117 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2667 |
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Author |
Papakostas, Y.G.; Daras, M.D.; Liappas, I.A.; Markianos, M. |
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Title |
Horse madness (hippomania) and hippophobia |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
History of Psychiatry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hist Psychiatry |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
Pt 4 (no 64) |
Pages |
467-471 |
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Keywords |
Ancient Lands; Animals; Cattle; History, Ancient; Horse Diseases/*history; Horses; Humans; *Mythology |
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Abstract |
Anthropophagic horses have been described in classical mythology. From a current perspective, two such instances are worth mentioning and describing: Glaucus of Potniae, King of Efyra, and Diomedes, King of Thrace, who were both devoured by their horses. In both cases, the horses' extreme aggression and their subsequent anthropophagic behaviour were attributed to their madness (hippomania) induced by the custom of feeding them with flesh. The current problem of 'mad cow' disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) is apparently related to a similar feed pattern. Aggressive behaviour in horses can be triggered by both biological and psychological factors. In the cases cited here, it is rather unlikely that the former were the cause. On the other hand, the multiple abuses imposed on the horses, coupled with people's fantasies and largely unconscious fears (hippophobia), may possibly explain these mythological descriptions of 'horse-monsters'. |
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Address |
Athens University Medical School |
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English |
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ISSN |
0957-154X |
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Notes |
PMID:16482685 |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1876 |
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Author |
Baum, M.J. |
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Title |
Mammalian animal models of psychosexual differentiation: when is 'translation' to the human situation possible? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Hormones and Behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Horm Behav |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
579-588 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Estradiol/*physiology; Female; *Gender Identity; Humans; Hypothalamus/anatomy & histology/physiology; Male; Models, Animal; Sexual Behavior/physiology/psychology; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Testosterone/*physiology |
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Abstract |
Clinical investigators have been forced primarily to use experiments of nature (e.g., cloacal exstrophy; androgen insensitivity, congenital adrenal hyperplasia) to assess the contribution of fetal sex hormone exposure to the development of male- and female-typical profiles of gender identity and role behavior as well as sexual orientation. In this review, I summarize the results of numerous correlative as well as mechanistic animal experiments that shed significant light on general neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling the differentiation of neural circuits controlling sexual partner preference (sexual orientation) in mammalian species including man. I also argue, however, that results of animal studies can, at best, provide only indirect insights into the neuroendocrine determinants of human gender identity and role behaviors. |
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Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Sreet, Boston, MA 02215, USA. baum@bu.edu |
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English |
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ISSN |
0018-506X |
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Notes |
PMID:16876166 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4190 |
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Author |
Valero, N. |
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Title |
West Nile virus: a new challenge? |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Investigacion Clinica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Invest Clin |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
175-177 |
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Keywords |
Animal Migration; Animals; Bird Diseases/virology; Birds; Caribbean Region; Central America; Culex/virology; Horse Diseases/virology; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors/virology; North America/epidemiology; South America; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology/transmission/veterinary; West Nile virus/*physiology |
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Abstract |
West Nile Virus (WNV), a member of the family Flaviviridae, was first isolated in 1937. Since the original isolation of the WNV outbreaks have occurred with increase in frequency of cases in humans and horses, apparent increase in severe human disease and high avian death rates. In 1999, 2000 and 2002 outbreaks of the WNV encephalitis were reported in horses, birds and humans from New York and Canada. Ornithophilic mosquitoes are the principal vectors of the WNV and birds of several species chiefly migrants appear to be the major introductory or amplifying host. The pattern of outbreaks in the old and new world suggests that viremic migratory birds may also contribute to movement of the virus. If so, Central America, Caribbean Islands and countries of South America including Venezuela, are in potential risk for suffering a severe outbreak for WNV, since several species of birds have populations that pass trough New York and cross the western north Atlantic or Caribbean Sea. It is important the knowledge of the ecology of WNV as well of the efficacy of control efforts in order to minimize the public health impact in these countries, where all population is susceptible to this infection. |
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Spanish |
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Original Title |
Virus del Nilo Occidental: Un nuevo reto? |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0535-5133 |
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Notes |
PMID:14552056 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2640 |
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Author |
Herder, S.L. |
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Title |
More cardiac dressage: galop, gallop, gal(l)opitty glop |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
Jama |
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Volume |
262 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
352 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Gait; *Heart Rate; Horses; Humans; Terminology; *Wit and Humor |
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English |
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0098-7484 |
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Notes |
PMID:2739033 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3757 |
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Author |
Arluke, A. |
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Title |
The use of dogs in medical and veterinary training: understanding and approaching student uneasiness |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science : JAAWS |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Appl Anim Welf Sci |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
197-204 |
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Keywords |
*Animal Experimentation; Animals; *Animals, Laboratory; Cadaver; Comprehension; Dogs; Education, Veterinary/*ethics/*methods; Humans; Massachusetts; Schools, Veterinary; Students, Medical/*psychology; Biomedical and Behavioral Research |
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Address |
Tajen Institute of Technology, Taiwan. a.arluke@neu.edu |
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English |
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ISSN |
1088-8705 |
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Notes |
PMID:15498727; KIE: KIE Bib: animal experimentation |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2755 |
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Author |
Nowlan, S.S.; Deibel, R.H. |
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Title |
Group Q streptococci. I. Ecology, serology, physiology, and relationship to established enterococci |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1967 |
Publication |
Journal of Bacteriology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Bacteriol |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
291-296 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Antigens/analysis; Cattle; Dogs; Enterococcus faecalis/metabolism; Feces/microbiology; Horses; Humans; Poultry; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Sheep; *Streptococcus/immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism; Swine |
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Abstract |
The group Q streptococci possess unique serological and physiological characteristics which differentiate them from established enterococci. The group Q antigen was not demonstrable in all strains; however, all possessed the group D antigen. All group Q strains were physiologically similar regardless of whether or not they possessed the group Q antigen. These strains differed from the established enterococcal species, as they neither hydrolyzed arginine nor initiated growth in 1.0% methylene blue-milk. They also differed radically in the fermentation of various carbohydrates, especially the polyhydric sugar alcohols. The results indicate that the group Q streptococci constitute a unique taxonomic entity; the species designation Streptococcus avium sp. n. is suggested, owing to their characteristic occurrence in chicken fecal specimens. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0021-9193 |
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Notes |
PMID:4962699 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2746 |
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Author |
Rosa, P.A.J.; Azevedo, A.M.; Aires-Barros, M.R. |
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Title |
Application of central composite design to the optimisation of aqueous two-phase extraction of human antibodies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Chromatography. A |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Chromatogr A |
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Volume |
1141 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
50-60 |
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Keywords |
Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antibodies/*chemistry/*isolation & purification; Buffers; Chemical Fractionation/*methods; Horses; Humans; Hydrophobicity; Isoelectric Point; Models, Biological; Molecular Weight; Myoglobin/chemistry/isolation & purification; Osmolar Concentration; Phase Transition; Polyethylene Glycols; Serum Albumin/chemistry/isolation & purification; Sodium Chloride |
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Abstract |
The partition of human antibodies in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and phosphate was systematically studied using first pure proteins systems and then an artificial mixture of proteins containing 1mg/ml human immunoglobulin G (IgG), 10mg/ml serum albumin and 2mg/ml myoglobin. Preliminary results obtained using pure proteins systems indicated that the PEG molecular weight and concentration, the pH value and the salts concentration had a pronounced effect on the partitioning behaviour of all proteins. For high ionic strengths and pH values higher than the isoelectric point (pI) of the contaminant proteins, IgG could be selectively recovered on the top phase. According to these results, a face centred composite design was performed in order to optimise the purification of IgG from the mixture of proteins. The optimal conditions for the isolation of IgG were observed for high concentrations of NaCl and low concentrations of both phase forming components. The best purification was achieved using an ATPS containing 8% (w/w) PEG 3350, 10% (w/w) phosphate pH 6 and 15% (w/w) NaCl. A recovery yield of 101+/-7%, a purity of 99+/-0% and a yield of native IgG of 97+/-4% were obtained. Back extraction studies of IgG to a new phosphate phase were performed and higher yields were obtained using 10% phosphate buffer at pH 6. The total extraction yield was 76% and the purity 100%. |
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Address |
IBB Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Av Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal |
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English |
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0021-9673 |
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Notes |
PMID:17196214 |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1842 |
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Author |
Horowitz, A.C. |
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Title |
Do humans ape? Or do apes human? Imitation and intention in humans (Homo sapiens) and other animals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
325-336 |
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Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Attention; Child, Preschool; Concept Formation; Female; Humans; *Imitative Behavior; Male; Motivation; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; *Problem Solving; *Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Species Specificity |
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Abstract |
A. Whiten, D. M. Custance, J.-C. Gomez, P. Teixidor, and K. A. Bard (1996) tested chimpanzees' (Pan troglodytes) and human children's (Homo sapiens) skills at imitation with a 2-action test on an “artificial fruit.” Chimpanzees imitated to a restricted degree; children were more thoroughly imitative. Such results prompted some to assert that the difference in imitation indicates a difference in the subjects' understanding of the intentions of the demonstrator (M. Tomasello, 1996). In this experiment, 37 adult human subjects were tested with the artificial fruit. Far from being perfect imitators, the adults were less imitative than the children. These results cast doubt on the inference from imitative performance to an ability to understand others' intentions. The results also demonstrate how any test of imitation requires a control group and attention to the level of behavioral analysis. |
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Address |
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. ahorowitz@crl.ucsd.edu |
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Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. : 1983 |
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English |
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0735-7036 |
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Notes |
PMID:14498809 |
Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
736 |
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