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	Author	Houpt, T.R.
	Title	The physiological determination of meal size in pigs			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1985	Publication	The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society	Abbreviated Journal	Proc Nutr Soc
	Volume	44	Issue	2	Pages	323-330
	Keywords	Animals; Appetite/physiology; Drinking; Duodenum/physiology; Eating; Energy Intake; Food; Horses/physiology; Milk; Osmolar Concentration; Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Swine/physiology; Time Factors
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0029-6651	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:2996010			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	53
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Turner, A.
	Title	Absence of effects from immunocontraception on seasonal birth patterns and foal survival among barrier island wild horses			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2003	Publication	Journal of applied animal welfare science : JAAWS	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Anim Welf Sci
	Volume	6	Issue	4	Pages	301-308
	Keywords	Animals; Animals, Newborn; Animals, Wild/physiology; Birth Rate; Case-Control Studies; Contraception, Immunologic/methods/veterinary; Egg Proteins/administration & dosage; Female; Horses/physiology; Maryland/epidemiology; Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage; Population Control; Pregnancy; Receptors, Cell Surface; *Reproduction; Seasons; Vaccines, Contraceptive/administration & dosage
	Abstract	Despite a large body of safety data, concern exists that porcine zonae pellucidae (PZP) immunocontraception--used to manage wild horse populations--may cause out-of-season births with resulting foal mortality. Our study at Assateague, Maryland indicated the effects of immunocontraception on season of birth and foal survival between 1990 and 2002 on wild horses from Assateague Island. Among 91 mares never treated, 69 (75.8%) of foals were born in April, May, and June (in season). Among 77 treated mares, 50 (64.9%) were born in season. Of 29 mares foaling within 1 year after treatment (contraceptive failures), 20 (68.9%) were born in season. Of 48 mares treated for greater than 2 years then withdrawn from treatment, 30 (62.5%) of 48 foals were born in season. There were no significant differences (p <.05) between either treatment group or untreated mares. Survival did not differ significantly among foals born in or out of season or among foals born to treated or untreated mares. Data indicate a lack of effect of PZP contraception on season of birth or foal survival on barrier island habitats.
	Address	Science and Conservation Center Zoo Montana, Billings, Montana 59106, USA. jkirkpatrick@montana.net
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1088-8705	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:14965784			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	140
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	Author	Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Turner, A.
	Title	Reversibility of action and safety during pregnancy of immunization against porcine zona pellucida in wild mares (Equus caballus)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2002	Publication	Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Supplement	Abbreviated Journal	Reprod Suppl
	Volume	60	Issue		Pages	197-202
	Keywords	Animals; Animals, Wild; Antigens/administration & dosage; Contraception, Immunologic/methods/veterinary; Egg Proteins/administration & dosage; Female; Fertility; Horses; Immunization, Secondary/veterinary; Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage; Population Control; Pregnancy; Receptors, Cell Surface; Safety; Swine; Time Factors; Vaccines, Contraceptive/*administration & dosage
	Abstract	Contraceptive management of publicly valued wildlife species requires safeguards to ensure that these populations are preserved in a healthy state. In addition, reversibility of contraceptive effects and safety in pregnant animals are major concerns. A population of wild horses has been immunized against porcine zona pellucida (PZP) over a 12 year period on Assateague Island National Seashore, MD (ASIS). Mares initially received one or two 65 microg inoculations and once a year 65 microg booster inoculations, all delivered by dart. All young mares aged > 2 years were treated with PZP for 3 consecutive years regardless of whether they have bred successfully and they were then removed from treatment until they had foaled. All mares vaccinated for 1 or 2 consecutive years became fertile again and 69% of mares treated for 3 consecutive years returned to fertility. All five mares treated for 4 or 5 consecutive years have also returned to fertility, but over longer periods of time. Mares treated for 7 consecutive years have not returned to fertility, but several, while still infertile, have started ovulating again. There was no difference in survival rates between foals born to treated and untreated mares, and PZP treatment of pregnant mares did not affect subsequent fertility of their female offspring.
	Address	Science and Conservation Center, ZooMontana, Billings 59106, USA. zoolab@wtp.net
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1477-0415	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:12220160			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	141
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Turner, A.; Kirkpatrick, J.F.
	Title	Effects of immunocontraception on population, longevity and body condition in wild mares (Equus caballus)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2002	Publication	Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Supplement	Abbreviated Journal	Reprod Suppl
	Volume	60	Issue		Pages	187-195
	Keywords	Animals; Animals, Wild; Antigens/administration & dosage; Body Constitution; Contraception, Immunologic/methods/veterinary; Egg Proteins/administration & dosage; Female; Horses; Longevity; Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage; Population Control; Population Dynamics; Receptors, Cell Surface; Swine; Vaccines, Contraceptive/administration & dosage
	Abstract	Contraception is becoming a common approach for the management of captive and wild ungulates yet there are few data for contraceptive effects on entire populations. Management-level treatment of mares with porcine zona pellucida (PZP) vaccine resulted in zero population growth of the Assateague Island wild horse population within 1 year of initiation of treatment. Contraceptive efficacy was 90% for mares treated twice in the first year and annually thereafter. For mares given a single initial inoculation, contraceptive efficacy was 78%. The effort required to achieve zero population growth decreased, as 95, 83 and 84% of all adult mares were treated in each of the first 3 years, compared with 59 and 52% during the last 2 years. Mortality rates for mares and foals after the initiation of management-level treatments decreased below historic and pretreatment mortality rates of approximately 5%. Two new age classes have appeared among treated animals (21-25 years and > 25 years), indicating an increase in longevity among treated animals. Body condition scores for all horses, all adult mares and non-lactating mares increased significantly between summer 1989 and autumn 1999 but did not change significantly in lactating mares. These results provide reliable data for the construction of realistic models for contraceptive management of free-roaming or captive ungulate populations.
	Address	Assateague Island National Seashore, Berlin, MD 21811, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1477-0415	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:12220158			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	142
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Liu, I.M.; Turner, J.W.J.; Naugle, R.; Keiper, R.
	Title	Long-term effects of porcine zonae pellucidae immunocontraception on ovarian function in feral horses (Equus caballus)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1992	Publication	Journal of reproduction and fertility	Abbreviated Journal	J Reprod Fertil
	Volume	94	Issue	2	Pages	437-444
	Keywords	Animals; Contraception, Immunologic/veterinary; Egg Proteins; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)/urine; Female; Glycoproteins/pharmacology; Horses/immunology/physiology; Membrane Glycoproteins; Ovary/drug effects/physiology; Progesterone/metabolism; Receptors, Cell Surface; Swine/immunology; Time Factors; Zona Pellucida/immunology
	Abstract	Ten feral mares free-roaming in Maryland, USA, were inoculated with porcine zonae pellucidae (PZP) protein before the breeding season for three consecutive years (1988-90). Ovarian function was monitored for 51 days during the peak of the breeding season after the third annual PZP inoculation, in seven of these mares and in four untreated control mares, by means of urinary oestrone conjugates and nonspecific progesterone metabolites. None of the ten inoculated mares became pregnant in 1990, compared with 55% of 20 control mares, which included two of the four monitored for ovarian function. Three of the untreated mares demonstrated apparent normal ovarian activity, characterized by preovulatory oestrogen peaks, concurrent progesterone nadirs at ovulation, breeding activity, and luteal-phase progesterone increases after ovulation. Two of the seven monitored PZP-treated mares demonstrated ovulatory cycles that did not result in conception. One was pregnant as a result of conception in 1989 and demonstrated a normal, late-gestation, endocrine profile. The remaining four PZP-treated mares revealed no evidence of ovulation, and urinary oestrogen concentrations were significantly depressed. The experiments indicated that (i) a third consecutive annual PZP booster inoculation is greater than 90% effective in preventing pregnancies in mares and (ii) three consecutive years of PZP treatment may interfere with normal ovarian function as shown by markedly depressed oestrogen secretion.
	Address	Deaconess Research Institute, Billings, MT 59102
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4251	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:1317449			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	145
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	Author	Parr, L.A.; de Waal, F.B.
	Title	Visual kin recognition in chimpanzees			Type
	Year	1999	Publication	Nature	Abbreviated Journal	Nature
	Volume	399	Issue	6737	Pages	647-648
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Face; Female; Male; Pan troglodytes/physiology
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0028-0836	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:10385114			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	195
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	Author	Reynhout, I.C.; Cornelissen, J.J.L.M.; Nolte, R.J.M.
	Title	Self-assembled architectures from biohybrid triblock copolymers			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Journal of the American Chemical Society	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Chem Soc
	Volume	129	Issue	8	Pages	2327-2332
	Keywords	Horseradish Peroxidase/chemistry; Micelles; Molecular Structure; Myoglobin/chemistry; Particle Size; Polyethylene Glycols/chemistry; Polymers/chemical synthesis/chemistry; Polystyrenes/*chemistry; Surface-Active Agents/chemical synthesis/chemistry
	Abstract	The synthesis and self-assembly behavior of biohybrid ABC triblock copolymers consisting of a synthetic diblock, polystyrene-b-polyethylene glycol (PSm-b-PEG113), where m is varied, and a hemeprotein, myoglobin (Mb) or horse radish peroxidase (HRP), is described. The synthetic diblock copolymer is first functionalized with the heme cofactor and subsequently reconstituted with the apoprotein or the apoenzyme to yield the protein-containing ABC triblock copolymer. The obtained amphiphilic block copolymers self-assemble in aqueous solution into a large variety of aggregate structures. Depending on the protein and the polystyrene block length, micellar rods, vesicles, toroids, figure eight structures, octopus structures, and spheres with a lamellar surface are formed.
	Address	Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0002-7863	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:17274615			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1832
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	Author	Watanabe, S.; Troje, N.F.
	Title	Towards a “virtual pigeon”: a new technique for investigating avian social perception			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	9	Issue	4	Pages	271-279
	Keywords	Animals; Behavioral Research/instrumentation/methods; Columbidae/physiology; Computer Graphics; Computer Simulation; Discrimination Learning/physiology; Generalization (Psychology)/physiology; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology; Perceptual Masking/physiology; Rats; Recognition (Psychology)/physiology; Social Behavior; User-Computer Interface
	Abstract	The purpose of the present study is to examine the applicability of a computer-generated, virtual animal to study animal cognition. Pigeons were trained to discriminate between movies of a real pigeon and a rat. Then, they were tested with movies of the computer-generated (CG) pigeon. Subjects showed generalization to the CG pigeon, however, they also responded to modified versions in which the CG pigeon was showing impossible movement, namely hopping and walking without its head bobbing. Hence, the pigeons did not attend to these particular details of the display. When they were trained to discriminate between the normal and the modified version of the CG pigeon, they were able to learn the discrimination. The results of an additional partial occlusion test suggest that the subjects used head movement as a cue for the usual vs. unusual CG pigeon discrimination.
	Address	Department of Psychology, Keio University, Mita 2-15-45, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108, Japan. swat@flet.keio.ac.jp
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:17024508			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2437
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	Author	Lacreuse, A.; Martin-Malivel, J.; Lange, H.S.; Herndon, J.G.
	Title	Effects of the menstrual cycle on looking preferences for faces in female rhesus monkeys			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	10	Issue	2	Pages	105-115
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Discrimination Learning; Estradiol/blood; Face; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta/physiology; Male; Menstrual Cycle/blood/physiology; *Pattern Recognition, Visual
	Abstract	Fluctuations of ovarian hormones across the menstrual cycle influence a variety of social and cognitive behaviors in primates. For example, female rhesus monkeys exhibit heightened interest for males and increased agonistic interactions with other females during periods of high estrogen levels. In the present study, we hypothesized that females' preference for males during periods of high estrogen levels is also expressed at the level of face perception. We tested four intact females on two face-tasks involving neutral portraits of male and female rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees and humans. In the visual preference task (VP), monkeys had to touch a button to view a face image. The image remained on the screen as long as the button was touched, and the duration of pressing was taken as an index of the monkey's looking time for the face stimulus. In the Face-Delayed Recognition Span Test (Face-DRST), monkeys were rewarded for touching the new face in an increasing number of serially presented faces. Monkeys were tested 5 days a week across one menstrual cycle. Blood was collected every other day for analysis of estradiol and progesterone. Two of the four females were cycling at the time of testing. We did not find an influence of the cycle on Face-DRST, likely due to a floor effect. In the VP however, the two cycling individuals looked longer at conspecific male faces than female faces during the peri-ovulatory period of the cycle. Such effects were absent for human and chimpanzee faces and for the two noncycling subjects. These data suggest that ovarian hormones may influence females' preferences for specific faces, with heightened preference for male faces during the peri-ovulatory period of the cycle. Heightened interest for stimuli of significant reproductive relevance during periods of high conception risk may help guide social and sexual behavior in the rhesus monkey.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Tobin Hall, 135 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. alacreuse@psych.umass.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16909232			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2452
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	Author	Neiworth, J.J.; Hassett, J.M.; Sylvester, C.J.
	Title	Face processing in humans and new world monkeys: the influence of experiential and ecological factors			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	10	Issue	2	Pages	125-134
	Keywords	Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Ecology; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Pan troglodytes/physiology; Species Specificity; Visual Perception/*physiology
	Abstract	This study tests whether the face-processing system of humans and a nonhuman primate species share characteristics that would allow for early and quick processing of socially salient stimuli: a sensitivity toward conspecific faces, a sensitivity toward highly practiced face stimuli, and an ability to generalize changes in the face that do not suggest a new identity, such as a face differently oriented. The look rates by adult tamarins and humans toward conspecific and other primate faces were examined to determine if these characteristics are shared. A visual paired comparison (VPC) task presented subjects with either a human face, chimpanzee face, tamarin face, or an object as a sample, and then a pair containing the previous stimulus and a novel stimulus was presented. The stimuli were either presented all in an upright orientation, or all in an inverted orientation. The novel stimulus in the pair was either an orientation change of the same face/object or a new example of the same type of face/object, and the stimuli were shown either in an upright orientation or in an inverted orientation. Preference to novelty scores revealed that humans attended most to novel individual human faces, and this effect decreased significantly if the stimuli were inverted. Tamarins showed preferential looking toward novel orientations of previously seen tamarin faces in the upright orientation, but not in an inverted orientation. Similarly, their preference to look longer at novel tamarin and human faces within the pair was reduced significantly with inverted stimuli. The results confirmed prior findings in humans that novel human faces generate more attention in the upright than in the inverted orientation. The monkeys also attended more to faces of conspecifics, but showed an inversion effect to orientation change in tamarin faces and to identity changes in tamarin and human faces. The results indicate configural processing restricted to particular kinds of primate faces by a New World monkey species, with configural processing influenced by life experience (human faces and tamarin faces) and specialized to process orientation changes specific to conspecific faces.
	Address	Department of Psychology, Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA. jneiwort@carleton.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16909230			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2454
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