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Author |
Couzin, I.D.; Krause, J. |
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Title |
Self-Organization and Collective Behavior in Vertebrates |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Advances in the Study of Behavior |
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Volume |
32 |
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1-75 |
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Academic Press |
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Peter J. B. Slater, J.S.R., Charles T. Snowdon and Timothy J. Roper |
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0065-3454 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5144 |
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Author |
Waeber P.O.; Hemelrijk C.K. |
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Title |
Female Dominance and Social Structure in Alaotran Gentle Lemurs |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
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Volume |
140 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1235-1246 |
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Abstract:
Lemur social systems have the striking social feature, that adult females consistently evoke submissive behaviour of adult males. In the Alaotran gentle lemur, Hapalemur griseus alaotrensis, however, female dominance has not been studied yet. Here we confirm female dominance over males on the basis of a 5-month field study of the social behaviour of four groups, in the Lake Alaotra marshland of eastern Madagascar. Further, we found that dominant individuals initiated aggressive interactions significantly more often than lowerranking ones, they initiated group movements more often and higher-ranking individuals were groomed more often. The spatial configuration was remarkable, since individuals were closer in space to those more distant in rank. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5148 |
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Author |
Aberle, K. S. |
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Title |
Untersuchung der Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse, Inzucht und genetischen Distanzen bei den deutschen Kaltblutpferderassen |
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Manuscript |
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Year |
2003 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Hannover |
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German |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5185 |
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Author |
van Duijn, M. A.J. |
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Title |
Software for Social Network Analysis |
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2003 |
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This chapter gives a state-of-the art overview of available (free and commercial)
software for social network analysis as of fall 2003. It reviews and compares
six programs, illustrating their functionality with example data. Data manipulation
options and available support are also discussed. Furthermore, seventeen
other, of which nine special-purpose, software packages and ve software routine
packages for general statistical software are reviewed brie
y. The chapter
concludes with some recommendations. |
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Heymans Institute/DPMG |
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University of Groningen |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5205 |
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Author |
Kubinyi, E.; Topál, J.; Miklósi, Á.; Csányi, V. |
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Title |
Dogs (Canis familiaris) learn their owners via observation in a manipulation task. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of Comparative Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Comp. Psychol. |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
156-165 |
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Eighty-seven pet dogs (Canis familiaris) were involved in an experiment in which they had to solve a task to obtain a ball. After witnessing a full demonstration by their owner (10 times pushing the handle of the box, which released a ball), most dogs preferred to touch the handle sooner and more frequently in comparison with other parts of the box, and they used the handle to get the ball. In contrast dogs in 3 control groups developed their own respective methods. The lack of emergence of the ball and playing after the demonstration did not affect the learning performance strongly. This suggests that in dogs the outcome of a demonstration plays only a restricted role in the manifestation of social learning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5210 |
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Author |
Newman, M.E.J. |
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Title |
The Structure and Function of Complex Networks |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
SIAM Review |
Abbreviated Journal |
SIAM Rev. |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
167-256 |
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Keywords |
networks; graph theory; complex systems; computer networks; social networks; random graphs; percolation theory |
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Inspired by empirical studies of networked systems such as the Internet, social networks, and biological networks, researchers have in recent years developed a variety of techniques and models to help us understand or predict the behavior of these systems. Here we review developments in this field, including such concepts as the small-world effect, degree distributions, clustering, network correlations, random graph models, models of network growth and preferential attachment, and dynamical processes taking place on networks. |
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Siam |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5214 |
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Author |
de Villiers, M.S.; Richardson, P.R.K.; van Jaarsveld, A.S. |
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Title |
Patterns of coalition formation and spatial association in a social carnivore, the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool |
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Volume |
260 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
377-389 |
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Keywords |
coalitions; social systems; Carnivora; Lycaon pictus |
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Abstract |
In many social species, relationships within groups seem to be non-random but related to variables such as rank, kinship or sexual attractiveness. The endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus is a social carnivore that lives in large, stable packs, and intra-pack associations might be expected to display similar patterns. We investigated patterns of coalition formation (support during dominance interactions, and partnership interactions) and resting associations between members of a captive pack of 19 wild dogs. The social organization of the captive pack was similar to that of free-ranging packs in many respects. Polyadic (group) incidents of coalition support were also observed in a free-ranging pack. Patterns of coalition formation in the captive pack were related to rank. Most aggressive interactions involved high-ranking individuals (particularly the alpha, beta and third-ranking males) and coalitionary support tended to reinforce the existing hierarchy. However, there was at least one example of support influencing a successful rank challenge. Support was affected by potential risks and benefits, the latter including dominance through association and revolutionary alliances. An even stronger pattern overlaid associations between pack members: coalitions and resting associations were strongest between members of the same age–sex cohort, and may have enabled the eventual dominance of younger pack members over adults. Among adults, coalitionary associations were sometimes overridden by intersexual relationships. The results from this captive pack suggest that wild dogs are sensitive to differences in competitive ability. This information, in conjunction with strong affiliative bonds between littermates, is used to manoeuvre for position in the social hierarchy. It may also be important during dispersal, in encounters with other dispersing groups of the same sex. Although most features of the social structure of the captive pack were comparable to those of free-ranging packs, aspects such as the influence of relatedness on coalition formation still need to be explored. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5249 |
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Author |
Lefebvre, L.; Bouchard, J. |
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Title |
Social learning about food in birds |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
The Biology of Traditions |
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Pages |
94-126 |
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Cambridge University Press |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge |
Editor |
Fragaszy, D.M; Perry, S. |
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Englisch |
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978-0521815970 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5471 |
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Author |
Tiefenbacher, S.; Lee, B.; Meyer, J.S.; Spealman, R.D. |
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Title |
Noninvasive technique for the repeated sampling of salivary free cortisol in awake, unrestrained squirrel monkeys |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
American Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
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60 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
69-75 |
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Keywords |
saliva; cortisol; squirrel monkey; sampling technique; Hpa |
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The use of noninvasive measures of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function is of growing interest among preclinical and clinical investigators. This report describes a method for the repeated assessment of salivary free cortisol in awake, unrestrained squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) based on a saliva sampling technique previously developed for rhesus monkeys. Individually housed adult male squirrel monkeys were trained to chew on dental rope attached to a pole, from which saliva was extracted by centrifugation and analyzed for cortisol by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Eight of nine monkeys readily acquired the task, reliably providing adequate saliva samples for the assay. Salivary free cortisol levels were examined in these subjects under basal conditions and in response to two types of neuroendocrine challenge. Levels of salivary free cortisol showed relatively low intra- and interindividual variability, with mean individual morning levels ranging between 17.1 and 37.9 µg/dl. Squirrel monkeys demonstrated a consistent daily rhythm in salivary free cortisol ranging from a high of 27.4 ± 5.2 µg/dl (mean ± SEM) at 12 P.M. to a low of 7.5 ± 1.6 µg/dl at 6 P.M.. Intravenous (IV) challenges with 1 µg/kg ACTH, or 10 and 50 µg/kg CRF resulted in significant increases in salivary free cortisol. The described sampling technique provides a reliable and sensitive means for repeated measurement of HPA activity in unrestrained, awake squirrel monkeys. In addition, our findings illustrate several features of HPA system rhythmicity and reactivity using salivary cortisol instead of blood plasma or serum. Am. J. Primatol. 60:69–75, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
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Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company |
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1098-2345 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5573 |
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Author |
Galef, G.G. Jr. |
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Title |
Social learning: promotor or inhibitor of innovation? |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Animal Intelligence |
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Oxford University Press |
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Oxford |
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Reader, S.M.; Laland, K. N. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5750 |
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