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Author Owren, M.J.; Dieter, J.A.; Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L. doi  openurl
  Title Vocalizations of rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and Japanese (M. fuscata) macaques cross-fostered between species show evidence of only limited modification Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Developmental psychobiology Abbreviated Journal Dev Psychobiol  
  Volume 26 Issue 7 Pages 389-406  
  Keywords (down) Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Discrimination Learning; Environment; Female; *Macaca; *Macaca mulatta; Male; Sound Spectrography; *Vocalization, Animal  
  Abstract Two rhesus and two Japanese macaque infants were cross-fostered between species in order to study the effects of auditory experience on vocal development. Both the cross-fostered and normally raised control subjects were observed over the first 2 years of life and their vocalizations were tape-recorded. We classified 8053 calls by ear, placed each call in one of six acoustic categories, and calculated the rates at which different call-types were used in different social contexts. Species differences were found in the use of “coo” and “gruff” vocalizations among control subjects. Japanese macaques invariably produced coos almost exclusively. In contrast, rhesus macaques produced a mixture of coos and gruffs and showed considerable interindividual variation in the relative use of one call type or the other. Cross-fostered Japanese macaques adhered to their species-typical behavior, rarely using gruffs. Cross-fostered rhesus subjects also exhibited species-typical behavior in many contexts, but in some situations produced coos and gruffs at rates that were intermediate between those shown by normally raised animals of the two species. This outcome suggests that environmentally mediated modification of vocal behavior may have occurred, but that the resulting changes were quite limited.  
  Address California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0012-1630 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8270122 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 700  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Houpt, K.A.; Feldman, J. openurl 
  Title Animal behavior case of the month. Aggression toward a neonatal foal by its dam Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume 203 Issue 9 Pages 1279-1280  
  Keywords (down) Animals; Animals, Newborn; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Horses/*psychology; *Maternal Behavior; Rejection (Psychology); Restraint, Physical/veterinary  
  Abstract  
  Address Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8253618 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 36  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Capela, R.; Sousa, C.; Pena, I.; Caeiro, V. openurl 
  Title Preliminary note on the distribution and ecology of Culicoides imicola in Portugal Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Medical and Veterinary Entomology Abbreviated Journal Med Vet Entomol  
  Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 23-26  
  Keywords (down) Animals; *Ceratopogonidae; Ecology; Population Density; Portugal  
  Abstract Data on Culicoides imicola were obtained during studies carried out during the recent outbreak of African horse sickness in Portugal. The previous most northerly published record of C. imicola in Portugal was 38 degrees 40'N (Pegoes). In the present work the geographical distribution of this species is extended to the parallel of 41 degrees 17'N. We have also confirmed the continuous presence of adult C. imicola in Southern Portugal (Alentejo and Algarve) throughout the year. In the laboratory we obtained this species from a sample of cattle faeces and from another of soil contaminated with animal excreta. In relation to host association 57.37% of C. imicola were trapped in the vicinity of pigsties. Finally, we collected 11,463 Culicoides of which 12.47% were C. imicola.  
  Address Departamento de Zoologia e Antropologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0269-283X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8435485 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2666  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Marchal, P.; Anderson, J.R. openurl 
  Title Mirror-image responses in capuchin monkeys (Cebus capucinus): social responses and use of reflected environmental information Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology Abbreviated Journal Folia Primatol (Basel)  
  Volume 61 Issue 3 Pages 165-173  
  Keywords (down) Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cebus/*psychology; *Cognition; Female; Male; Self Concept; Sex Factors; *Social Behavior  
  Abstract  
  Address Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie (CNRS URA 1295), Universite Louis-Pasteur, Strasbourg, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0015-5713 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8206423 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4180  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author McClure, S.R.; Chaffin, M.K. openurl 
  Title Self-mutilative behavior in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume 202 Issue 2 Pages 179-180  
  Keywords (down) Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; *Self Mutilation  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8428817 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1944  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Clayton, H.M. openurl 
  Title The extended canter: a comparison of some kinematic variables in horses trained for dressage and for racing Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Acta Anatomica Abbreviated Journal Acta Anat (Basel)  
  Volume 146 Issue 2-3 Pages 183-187  
  Keywords (down) Animal Husbandry; Animals; *Gait; Horses/*physiology; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; *Sports  
  Abstract This study was designed to test the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in selected temporal and linear stride variables of the extended canter in horses bred and trained for dressage or racing. Nine advanced-level dressage horses and 7 Thoroughbred racehorses were filmed at a frame rate of 200 Hz at an extended canter on a sand track. Two strides were recorded per trial, and each horse performed 6 or 7 trials. Temporal and linear data were determined from the films, and descriptive statistics (mean, SD) were calculated. Strides were selected for analysis on the basis of having a velocity in the range of 6.0-7.0 m/s, and multivariate analysis of variance was used to detect significant differences in the stride kinematics of horses trained for the two sports (p < or = 0.01). The average velocity of the dressage horses was 6.37 m/s, compared with 6.40 m/s for the racehorses. There were no significant differences between the two groups in velocity, stride duration, stride length or the distances between limb placements. The stance durations of all four limbs and the overlaps between them were longer, whereas the duration of the suspension phase was shorter in the dressage horses than in the racehorses (p < or = 0.01). The time between impacts of the diagonal limb pair was close to zero in both groups, with individual horses showing some variability in the order of placement of the diagonal limb pair. However, the sequence of footfalls was not significantly different between the two groups (p < or = 0.01).  
  Address Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0001-5180 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8470464 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3751  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Houpt, K.A.; Smith, R. openurl 
  Title Animal behavior case of the month Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume 203 Issue 3 Pages 377-378  
  Keywords (down) Aggression; Animals; Animals, Zoo/*psychology; *Behavior, Animal; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*psychology; *Weaning  
  Abstract  
  Address Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8226214 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 37  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author de Waal, F.B.; Johanowicz, D.L. openurl 
  Title Modification of reconciliation behavior through social experience: an experiment with two macaque species Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Child development Abbreviated Journal Child Dev  
  Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 897-908  
  Keywords (down) Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Grooming; *Macaca; *Macaca mulatta; Male; Play and Playthings; *Socialization; Vocalization, Animal  
  Abstract Reconciliation, defined as a friendly reunion between former opponents shortly after an aggressive encounter, is common in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides) but rare in the rhesus macaque (M. mulatta). Juveniles of the two species were cohoused for 5 months, after which they were observed with conspecifics only. Control rhesus monkeys, matched in age and sex to the experimental subjects, went through the same procedure without exposure to the other species. A threefold increase in the proportion of reconciled fights was measured in the rhesus subjects. The difference emerged gradually during cohousing with the tutor species and was sustained following removal of this species. Other behavior, such as grooming and aggression, decreased over time. It is suggested that the social attitude of the subjects was affected through contact with a species characterized by a more relaxed dominance style.  
  Address Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0009-3920 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8339702 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 209  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Mellor, P.S. openurl 
  Title African horse sickness: transmission and epidemiology Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal Vet Res  
  Volume 24 Issue 2 Pages 199-212  
  Keywords (down) Africa, Northern/epidemiology; African Horse Sickness/epidemiology/*transmission; African horse sickness virus/*physiology; Animals; Arachnid Vectors/microbiology; Ceratopogonidae/*microbiology; Culicidae/microbiology; Horses; Insect Vectors/*microbiology; Portugal/epidemiology; Spain/epidemiology; Ticks/microbiology  
  Abstract African horse sickness (AHS) virus causes a non-contagious, infectious, arthropod-borne disease of equines and occasionally of dogs. The virus is widely distributed across sub-Saharan African where it is transmitted between susceptible vertebrate hosts by the vectors. These are usually considered to be species of Culicoides biting midges but mosquitoes and/or ticks may also be involved to a greater or lesser extent. Periodically the virus makes excursions beyond its sub-Saharan enzootic zones but until recently does not appear to have been able to maintain itself outside these areas for more than 2-3 consecutive years at most. This is probably due to a number of factors including the apparent absence of a long term vertebrate reservoir, the prevalence and seasonal incidence of the vectors and the efficiency of control measures (vaccination and vector abatement). The recent AHS epizootics in Iberia and N Africa spanning as they do, 5 or more yr, seem to have established a new pattern in AHS virus persistence. This is probably linked to the continuous presence of adult C imicola in the area. Culicoides imicola is basically an Afro-Asiatic insect and prefers warm climates. Therefore its continuous adult presence in parts of Iberia and N Africa may be due to some recent moderations of the climate in these areas.  
  Address Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Woking, Surrey, UK  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0928-4249 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8102076 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2359  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Rutberg, A.T.; Keiper, R.R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Proximate causes of natal dispersal in feral ponies: some sex differences Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 969-975  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract Abstract. Fifteen years of data on natal dispersal age and the context of dispersal for the feral ponies of Assateague Island, Maryland are presented. Ninety-seven per cent of males and 81% of females dispersed from their natal groups by 5 years of age. For animals that left their natal group, average age of dispersal was 20[middle dot]8 months for males and 24[middle dot]6 months for females. Male dispersal age was strongly and significantly correlated with number of peers in the natal group, and males dispersing with peers were significantly older than males dispersing without peers, suggesting that males delayed dispersal when peers were available for interaction. Female dispersal age was not influenced by number of peers, but was correlated with age of first reproduction. Factors not influencing dispersal age in either sex were presence of a younger sibling, maternal band transfers, and maternal age and dominance rank. The relatively high frequency of females failing to disperse from their natal groups is puzzling in light of data showing diminished fecundity in non-dispersing pony mares.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 518  
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