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Author Bshary, R.; Wickler, W.; Fricke, H. doi  openurl
  Title Fish cognition: a primate's eye view Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Animal Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.  
  Volume 5 Issue 1 Pages 1-13  
  Keywords Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Evolution; Fishes/*physiology; Intelligence; Learning; Primates/*physiology; Social Behavior  
  Abstract We provide selected examples from the fish literature of phenomena found in fish that are currently being examined in discussions of cognitive abilities and evolution of neocortex size in primates. In the context of social intelligence, we looked at living in individualized groups and corresponding social strategies, social learning and tradition, and co-operative hunting. Regarding environmental intelligence, we searched for examples concerning special foraging skills, tool use, cognitive maps, memory, anti-predator behaviour, and the manipulation of the environment. Most phenomena of interest for primatologists are found in fish as well. We therefore conclude that more detailed studies on decision rules and mechanisms are necessary to test for differences between the cognitive abilities of primates and other taxa. Cognitive research can benefit from future fish studies in three ways: first, as fish are highly variable in their ecology, they can be used to determine the specific ecological factors that select for the evolution of specific cognitive abilities. Second, for the same reason they can be used to investigate the link between cognitive abilities and the enlargement of specific brain areas. Third, decision rules used by fish could be used as 'null-hypotheses' for primatologists looking at how monkeys might make their decisions. Finally, we propose a variety of fish species that we think are most promising as study objects.  
  Address University of Cambridge, Department of Zoology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. rb286@cam.ac.uk  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1435-9448 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:11957395 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2617  
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Author Wasserman, E.A. openurl 
  Title The science of animal cognition: past, present, and future Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes Abbreviated Journal J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process  
  Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 123-135  
  Keywords Animal Communication; Animal Population Groups/*psychology; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Behavioral Sciences/*trends; *Cognition; Evolution; Forecasting; Humans; Intelligence  
  Abstract The field of animal cognition is strongly rooted in the philosophy of mind and in the theory of evolution. Despite these strong roots, work during the most famous and active period in the history of our science-the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s-may have diverted us from the very questions that were of greatest initial interest to the comparative analysis of learning and behavior. Subsequently, the field has been in steady decline despite its increasing breadth and sophistication. Renewal of the field of animal cognition may require a return to the original questions of animal communication and intelligence using the most advanced tools of modern psychological science. Reclaiming center stage in contemporary psychology will be difficult; planning that effort with a host of strategies should enhance the chances of success.  
  Address Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242-1407, USA. ed-wasserman@uiowa.edu  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0097-7403 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:9095537 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2779  
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Author Van Schaik, C. openurl 
  Title Why are some animals so smart? Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Scientific American Abbreviated Journal Sci Am  
  Volume 294 Issue 4 Pages 64-71  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Conditioning (Psychology); Culture; Environment; Equipment and Supplies; Evolution; Indonesia; *Intelligence; Learning; Pongo pygmaeus/*physiology; Social Behavior  
  Abstract  
  Address Anthropological Institute and Museum, University of Zurich, Switzerland  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0036-8733 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16596881 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2830  
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Author Morell, V. doi  openurl
  Title Nicola Clayton profile. Nicky and the jays Type
  Year 2007 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 315 Issue 5815 Pages 1074-1075  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; England; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Intelligence; Memory; Passeriformes/*physiology; Portraits  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17322042 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2833  
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Author Pennisi, E. doi  openurl
  Title Animal cognition. Man's best friend(s) reveal the possible roots of social intelligence Type
  Year 2006 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 312 Issue 5781 Pages 1737  
  Keywords Animals; *Cognition; Comprehension; Cooperative Behavior; Cues; Dogs/*psychology; *Evolution; *Intelligence; *Social Behavior  
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  ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16794056 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2835  
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Author Pennisi, E. doi  openurl
  Title Animal cognition. Social animals prove their smarts Type
  Year 2006 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 312 Issue 5781 Pages 1734-1738  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Birds; *Cognition; Comprehension; Cues; Food; Hominidae/*psychology; *Intelligence; Learning; Memory; *Social Behavior  
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  ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16794055 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2836  
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Author Pennisi, E. openurl 
  Title Are out primate cousins 'conscious'? Type
  Year 1999 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 284 Issue 5423 Pages 2073-2076  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cebus; *Consciousness; Empathy; Humans; Instinct; Intelligence; Learning; *Mental Processes; Pan troglodytes; *Primates  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0036-8075 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:10409060 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2843  
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Author McLean, A.N. url  openurl
  Title Cognitive abilities -- the result of selective pressures on food acquisition? Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 71 Issue 3 Pages 241-258  
  Keywords Adaptive intelligence; Animal cognition; Darwinian selection; Insightful learning  
  Abstract Locating and capturing food are suggested as significant selection pressures for the evolution of various cognitive abilities in mammals and birds. The hypothesis is proposed that aspects of food procuring behaviour should be strongly indicative of particular cognitive abilities. Experimental data concerning higher mental abilities in mammals and birds are reviewed. These data deal with self-recognition studies, rule-learning experiments, number concept, deceptive abilities, tool-use and observational learning. A Darwinian approach reveals: (1) the adaptiveness of particular abilities for particular niches, (2) that in complex foraging environments, increases in foraging efficiencies in animals should result from the evolution of particular cognitive abilities, (3) that phenomena such as convergent mental evolution should be expected to have taken place across taxonomic groups for species exploiting similar niches, (4) that divergence in mental ability should also have taken place where related species have exploited dissimilar niches. Experimental data of higher mental abilities in animals concur with a Darwinian explanation for the distribution of these cognitive abilities and no anomalies have been found. There are, as a consequence, significant implications for the welfare of animals subject to training when training methodology gives little or no consideration to the various mental abilities of species.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2907  
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Author Heinrich, B.; Bugnyar, T. openurl 
  Title Just how smart are ravens? Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Scientific American Abbreviated Journal Sci Am  
  Volume 296 Issue 4 Pages 64-71  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Crows/*physiology; Environment; *Intelligence; Predatory Behavior; Problem Solving; Thinking  
  Abstract  
  Address University of Vermont, USA  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0036-8733 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17479632 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4101  
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Author Straub, A. doi  openurl
  Title An intelligent crow beats a lab Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 316 Issue 5825 Pages 688  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; *Crows; Dogs; Intelligence; Memory  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17478698 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4102  
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