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Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
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Title |
Ingestive behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year  |
1990 |
Publication |
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
319-337 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Eating/*physiology; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Horses/*physiology |
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Abstract |
In summary, horses spend 60% or more of their time eating when grazing or when feed is available free choice. Grasses are their preferred food, but they supplement the grass with herbs and woody plants. Sweetened mixtures of oats and corn are the most preferred concentrate. Horses can increase or decrease the time spent eating and amount eaten to maintain caloric intake. Their intake is stimulated by drugs such as diazepam and by the presence of other horses. Horses stop eating when gastric osmolality increases; increases in plasma osmolality, protein, and glucose accompany digestion. Foals eat several times an hour and begin sampling solid food at the same time that their dam is eating. Several areas of particular importance to the equine industry have not been investigated. These areas include the effect of exercise on short- and long-term food intake and the influence of reproductive state on the feeding of mares. |
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Department of Physiology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca |
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0749-0739 |
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Notes |
PMID:2202495 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
42 |
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Author |
Loyola, E.G.; Rodriguez, M.H.; Gonzalez, L.; Arredondo, J.I.; Bown, D.N.; Vaca, M.A. |
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Title |
Effect of indoor residual spraying of DDT and bendiocarb on the feeding patterns of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis in Mexico |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Mosq Control Assoc |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
635-640 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Anopheles/*physiology; *Carbamates; Cattle; *Ddt; Ecology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors; Insecticide Resistance; *Insecticides; Mexico; *Phenylcarbamates; Seasons |
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Abstract |
Intense and persistent use of DDT for malaria control has increased resistance and induced exophilic behavior of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis. An evaluation of bendiocarb and DDT to control this species in Sinaloa, Mexico, showed that, in spite of DDT-resistance, both insecticides produced similar effects. Feeding patterns were analyzed to explain these results. Resting mosquitoes were collected over the dry and wet seasons. Anophelines were tested in an ELISA to determine the source of the meals. The human blood index (HBI) ranged from 3.3 to 6.8% in DDT- and from 12.7 to 26.9% in bendiocarb-sprayed houses. Irritability and repellency in DDT-sprayed houses could explain the reduced HBI. In contrast, bendiocarb produced higher mortality. These effects could have affected different components of the vectorial capacity and similarly reduced malaria. |
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Center for Malaria Research, Chiapas, Mexico |
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8756-971X |
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Notes |
PMID:2098469 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2671 |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A.; Smith, R. |
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Title |
Animal behavior case of the month |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
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Volume |
203 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
377-378 |
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Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; Animals, Zoo/*psychology; *Behavior, Animal; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*psychology; *Weaning |
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Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401 |
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0003-1488 |
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Notes |
PMID:8226214 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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37 |
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Author |
Zentall, T.R.; Sherburne, L.M. |
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Title |
Role of differential sample responding in the differential outcomes effect involving delayed matching by pigeons |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
390-401 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; Choice Behavior; *Columbidae; *Discrimination Learning; Feeding Behavior; Task Performance and Analysis |
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Abstract |
The role of differential sample responding in the differential outcomes effect was examined. In Experiment 1, we trained pigeons on a one-to-many matching task with differential sample responding required. Differential outcomes were associated with samples and comparisons, with comparisons only, or with neither samples nor comparisons. Slopes of delay functions for trials with pecked versus nonpecked samples suggested use of a single-code-default strategy in the nondifferential-outcomes group but not in the differential-outcomes groups. In Experiment 2, differential sample responding and differential outcomes were manipulated independently. Again, there were significant differences in the relative slopes of the delay functions. Results suggest that differential outcomes exert their effect independently of differential sample responding. |
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Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506 |
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ISSN |
0097-7403 |
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Notes |
PMID:7964521 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
257 |
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Author |
Wolff, A.; Hausberger, M. |
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Title |
Behaviour of foals before weaning may have some genetic basis |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-10 |
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Keywords |
Locomotion; Suckling; Social behavior; Foraging behavior; Exploratory behavior; Interindividual comparison; Young animal; Genetic inheritance; Captivity; Social interaction; Feeding behavior; Perissodactyla; Ungulata; Mammalia; Vertebrata |
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Abstract |
In this preliminary study on foal behaviour, 13 French saddlebred foals (2-3 mo old) and their dams were observed on pasture. The most important findings are the interindividual quantitative differences in foal behaviour patterns as well as in the amount of mainly foal-initiated time spent at given distances from their mares. Interindividual differences seem in part due to a sire effect |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5022 |
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Author |
Hampton, R.R.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Hippocampus and memory in a food-storing and in a nonstoring bird species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Behavioral neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Neurosci |
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Volume |
110 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
946-964 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Appetitive Behavior/*physiology; Attention/physiology; Birds/*physiology; Brain Mapping; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Mental Recall/*physiology; Organ Size/physiology; Orientation/*physiology; Retention (Psychology)/physiology; Species Specificity |
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Abstract |
Food-storing birds maintain in memory a large and constantly changing catalog of the locations of stored food. The hippocampus of food-storing black-capped chickadees (Parus atricapillus) is proportionally larger than that of nonstoring dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis). Chickadees perform better than do juncos in an operant test of spatial non-matching-to-sample (SNMTS), and chickadees are more resistant to interference in this paradigm. Hippocampal lesions attenuate performance in SNMTS and increase interference. In tests of continuous spatial alternation (CSA), juncos perform better than chickadees. CSA performance also declines following hippocampal lesions. By itself, sensitivity of a given task to hippocampal damage does not predict the direction of memory differences between storing and nonstoring species. |
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Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. robert@ln.nimh.nih.gov |
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ISSN |
0735-7044 |
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Notes |
PMID:8918998 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
375 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B. |
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Title |
Food transfers through mesh in brown capuchins |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
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Volume |
111 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
370-378 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Cebus/*psychology; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Food Preferences/psychology; Male; *Motivation; Sex Factors; *Social Behavior; Social Environment |
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Abstract |
Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) share food even if their partner is behind a mesh restraint. Pairs of adult capuchins were moved into a test chamber in which 1 monkey received cucumber pieces for 20 min and the other received apple slices during the following 20 min. Tolerant transfers of food occurred reciprocally among females: The rate of transfer from Female B to A in the second test phase varied with the rate from Female A to B in the first test phase. Several social mechanisms may explain this reciprocity. Whereas this study does not contradict cognitively complex explanations (e.g., mental record keeping of given and received food), the results are consistent with a rather simple explanation: that food sharing reflects a combination of affiliative tendency and high tolerance. The study suggests that sharing mechanisms may be different for adult male capuchins, with males sharing food more readily and less discriminatingly than females. |
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Yerkes Primate Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
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0735-7036 |
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Notes |
PMID:9419882 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
198 |
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Author |
McDonnell, S.M.; Freeman, D.A.; Cymbaluk, N.F.; Schott, H.C. 2nd; Hinchcliff, K.; Kyle, B. |
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Title |
Behavior of stabled horses provided continuous or intermittent access to drinking water |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
American Journal of Veterinary Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Vet Res |
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Volume |
60 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1451-1456 |
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Keywords |
Aggression; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Drinking Behavior; Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*physiology/*psychology; Housing, Animal; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal/physiology/*psychology; Social Behavior; Videotape Recording; *Water Supply |
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OBJECTIVE: To compare quantitative measures and clinical assessments of behavior as an indication of psychologic well-being of stabled horses provided drinking water continuously or via 1 of 3 intermittent delivery systems. ANIMALS: 22 Quarter Horse (QH) or QH-crossbred mares and 17 Belgian or Belgian-crossbred mares (study 1) and 24 QH or QH-crossbred mares and 18 Belgian or Belgian-crossbred mares (study 2). PROCEDURE: Stabled horses were provided water continuously or via 1 of 3 intermittent water delivery systems in 2 study periods during a 2-year period. Continuous 24-hour videotaped samples were used to compare quantitative measures and clinical assessments of behavior among groups provided water by the various water delivery systems. RESULTS: All horses had clinically normal behavior. Significant differences in well being were not detected among groups provided water by the various delivery systems. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Various continuous and intermittent water delivery systems can provide adequately for the psychologic well-being of stabled horses. |
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New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348, USA |
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0002-9645 |
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PMID:10566826 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
1928 |
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Author |
Sterling, E.J.; Povinelli, D.J. |
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Title |
Tool use, aye-ayes, and sensorimotor intelligence |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
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Volume |
70 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8-16 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Feeding Behavior; Female; *Intelligence; Male; Problem Solving; *Psychomotor Performance; Strepsirhini/*physiology/psychology |
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Abstract |
Humans, chimpanzees, capuchins and aye-ayes all display an unusually high degree of encephalization and diverse omnivorous extractive foraging. It has been suggested that the high degree of encephalization in aye-ayes may be the result of their diverse, omnivorous extractive foraging behaviors. In combination with certain forms of tool use, omnivorous extractive foraging has been hypothesized to be linked to higher levels of sensorimotor intelligence (stages 5 or 6). Although free-ranging aye-ayes have not been observed to use tools directly in the context of their extractive foraging activities, they have recently been reported to use lianas as tools in a manner that independently suggests that they may possess stage 5 or 6 sensorimotor intelligence. Although other primate species which display diverse, omnivorous extractive foraging have been tested for sensorimotor intelligence, aye-ayes have not. We report a test of captive aye-ayes' comprehension of tool use in a situation designed to simulate natural conditions. The results support the view that aye-ayes do not achieve stage 6 comprehension of tool use, but rather may use trial-and-error learning to develop tool-use behaviors. Other theories for aye-aye encephalization are considered. |
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Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Gottingen, Germany |
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0015-5713 |
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PMID:10050062 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4178 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B.; Berger, M.L. |
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Title |
Payment for labour in monkeys |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
404 |
Issue |
6778 |
Pages |
563 |
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Animals; Cebus/*physiology; *Cooperative Behavior; Evolution; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Reward |
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Living Links, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, and Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:10766228 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
190 |
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