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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Rands, S.A.; Cowlishaw, G.; Pettifor, R.A.; Rowcliffe, J.M.; Johnstone, R.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Spontaneous emergence of leaders and followers in foraging pairs Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 423 Issue 6938 Pages 432-434  
  Keywords Animals; *Energy Metabolism; Food; *Food Chain; *Models, Biological; Motor Activity; *Social Behavior; Time Factors  
  Abstract Animals that forage socially often stand to gain from coordination of their behaviour. Yet it is not known how group members reach a consensus on the timing of foraging bouts. Here we demonstrate a simple process by which this may occur. We develop a state-dependent, dynamic game model of foraging by a pair of animals, in which each individual chooses between resting or foraging during a series of consecutive periods, so as to maximize its own individual chances of survival. We find that, if there is an advantage to foraging together, the equilibrium behaviour of both individuals becomes highly synchronized. As a result of this synchronization, differences in the energetic reserves of the two players spontaneously develop, leading them to adopt different behavioural roles. The individual with lower reserves emerges as the 'pace-maker' who determines when the pair should forage, providing a straightforward resolution to the problem of group coordination. Moreover, the strategy that gives rise to this behaviour can be implemented by a simple 'rule of thumb' that requires no detailed knowledge of the state of other individuals.  
  Address Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. s.rands@zoo.cam.ac.uk  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:12761547 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5138  
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Author Franks, N.R.; Richardson, T. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Teaching in tandem-running ants Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 439 Issue 7073 Pages 153  
  Keywords *Animal Communication; Animals; Ants/*physiology; Feedback/physiology; Learning/*physiology; *Teaching  
  Abstract The ant Temnothorax albipennis uses a technique known as tandem running to lead another ant from the nest to food--with signals between the two ants controlling both the speed and course of the run. Here we analyse the results of this communication and show that tandem running is an example of teaching, to our knowledge the first in a non-human animal, that involves bidirectional feedback between teacher and pupil. This behaviour indicates that it could be the value of information, rather than the constraint of brain size, that has influenced the evolution of teaching.  
  Address School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 IUG, UK. nigel.franks@bristol.ac.uk  
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  ISSN 1476-4687 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:16407943 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4651  
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Author Pocock Rj, openurl 
  Title (up) The coloration of the Quaggas Type Journal Article
  Year Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 68 Issue Pages 356-357  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1480  
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Author Welsh Da, openurl 
  Title (up) The life of Sable Island's wild horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1973 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature Canada  
  Volume 2 Issue Pages 7-14  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1701  
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Author Maynard Smith, J.; Price, G.R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) The Logic of Animal Conflict Type Journal Article
  Year 1973 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 246 Issue Pages 15-18  
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  Notes 10.1038/246015a0 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4844  
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Author Whiten, A. doi  openurl
  Title (up) The second inheritance system of chimpanzees and humans Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 437 Issue 7055 Pages 52-55  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Wild/physiology/psychology; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; *Culture; Female; Humans; Imitative Behavior; Learning/*physiology; Pan troglodytes/*physiology/psychology; *Social Behavior; Technology  
  Abstract Half a century of dedicated field research has brought us from ignorance of our closest relatives to the discovery that chimpanzee communities resemble human cultures in possessing suites of local traditions that uniquely identify them. The collaborative effort required to establish this picture parallels the one set up to sequence the chimpanzee genome, and has revealed a complex social inheritance system that complements the genetic picture we are now developing.  
  Address Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, UK. a.whiten@st-and.ac.uk  
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  ISSN 1476-4687 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:16136127 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 730  
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Author Ewart Jc, openurl 
  Title (up) The wild horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1903 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 68 Issue Pages 271-274  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1076  
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Author Nowak, M.A.; Sigmund, K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Tit for tat in heterogeneous populations Type Journal Article
  Year 1992 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 355 Issue Pages 250-253  
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  Notes 10.1038/355250a0 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4842  
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Author Sugiyama Y openurl 
  Title (up) Tool use by wild chimpanzees Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 376 Issue Pages 327  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3041  
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Author Goodall J openurl 
  Title (up) Tool-using and aimed throwing in a community of free-living chimpanzees Type Journal Article
  Year 1964 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 201 Issue Pages 1264  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3000  
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