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Chmel, L.; Hasilikova, A.; Hrasko, J.; Vlacilikova, A. |
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Title |
The influence of some ecological factors on keratinophilic fungi in the soil |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Sabouraudia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sabouraudia |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
26-34 |
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Keywords  |
Animals; Arthrodermataceae/growth & development/isolation & purification/metabolism; Carbohydrates; Czechoslovakia; Ecology; Fungi/growth & development/*isolation & purification/metabolism; Hair; Horses; Humic Substances; Humidity; Keratins/metabolism; Microsporum/isolation & purification; Mitosporic Fungi/isolation & purification; Phosphates; Seasons; Soil; *Soil Microbiology; Species Specificity; Temperature; Trichophyton/isolation & purification |
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0036-2174 |
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PMID:5063162 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2719 |
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Author |
Gomez, J.-C. |
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Title |
Species comparative studies and cognitive development |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
118-125 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Attention/physiology; Brain/*growth & development; Child, Preschool; Cognition/*physiology; Concept Formation/physiology; Dogs; Evolution; Fixation, Ocular; Gorilla gorilla; Humans; Infant; Learning/*physiology; Macaca mulatta; Mental Recall/physiology; Personal Construct Theory; Psychomotor Performance/physiology; Species Specificity |
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Abstract |
The comparative study of infant development and animal cognition brings to cognitive science the promise of insights into the nature and origins of cognitive skills. In this article, I review a recent wave of comparative studies conducted with similar methodologies and similar theoretical frameworks on how two core components of human cognition--object permanence and gaze following--develop in different species. These comparative findings call for an integration of current competing accounts of developmental change. They further suggest that evolution has produced developmental devices capable at the same time of preserving core adaptive components, and opening themselves up to further adaptive change, not only in interaction with the external environment, but also in interaction with other co-developing cognitive systems. |
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Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY15 9JU, UK |
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1364-6613 |
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PMID:15737820 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2851 |
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Author |
Stamps, J.A. |
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Title |
Growth-mortality tradeoffs and 'personality traits' in animals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Ecology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Lett |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
355-363 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Growth; *Mortality; *Personality |
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Abstract |
Consistent individual differences in boldness, reactivity, aggressiveness, and other 'personality traits' in animals are stable within individuals but vary across individuals, for reasons which are currently obscure. Here, I suggest that consistent individual differences in growth rates encourage consistent individual differences in behavior patterns that contribute to growth-mortality tradeoffs. This hypothesis predicts that behavior patterns that increase both growth and mortality rates (e.g. foraging under predation risk, aggressive defense of feeding territories) will be positively correlated with one another across individuals, that selection for high growth rates will increase mean levels of potentially risky behavior across populations, and that within populations, faster-growing individuals will take more risks in foraging contexts than slower-growing individuals. Tentative empirical support for these predictions suggests that a growth-mortality perspective may help explain some of the consistent individual differences in behavioral traits that have been reported in fish, amphibians, reptiles, and other animals with indeterminate growth. |
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University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. jastamps@ucdavis.edu |
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ISSN |
1461-0248 |
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Notes |
PMID:17498134 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4100 |
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Author |
Polyanskaya, A.I.; Ovchinnikov, V.V. |
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Title |
Rate of growth and size of the brain of the horse mackerel |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
The Soviet Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov J Ecol |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
256-257 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Body Weight; *Brain; Ecology; Fishes/*growth & development; Genetics, Population; Organ Size |
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0096-7807 |
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Notes |
PMID:4825911 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2708 |
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Author |
Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Russell, A.F.; Sharpe, L.L.; Brotherton, P.N.; McIlrath, G.M.; White, S.; Cameron, E.Z. |
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Title |
Effects of helpers on juvenile development and survival in meerkats |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
293 |
Issue |
5539 |
Pages |
2446-2449 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Breeding; Carnivora/growth & development/*physiology; *Cooperative Behavior; Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Survival Rate; *Weight Gain |
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Abstract |
Although breeding success is known to increase with group size in several cooperative mammals, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are uncertain. We show that in wild groups of cooperative meerkats, Suricata suricatta, reductions in the ratio of helpers to pups depress the daily weight gain and growth of pups and the daily weight gain of helpers. Increases in the daily weight gain of pups are associated with heavier weights at independence and at 1 year of age, as well as with improved foraging success as juveniles and higher survival rates through the first year of life. These results suggest that the effects of helpers on the fitness of pups extend beyond weaning and that helpers may gain direct as well as indirect benefits by feeding pups. |
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Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. thcb@hermes.cam.ac.uk |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:11577235 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
414 |
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Author |
Malek, E.A. |
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Title |
The life cycle of Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus (Cobbold, 1876) Looss, 1896 (Trematoda: Paramphistomatidae: Gastrodiscinae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
The Journal of Parasitology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Parasitol |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
975-979 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Bulinus; *Disease Vectors; Ecology; Feces; Female; Horse Diseases/*etiology; Horses; Metamorphosis, Biological; Ovum; Parasite Egg Count; Perissodactyla; Sudan; Trematoda/anatomy & histology/growth & development; Trematode Infections/etiology/*veterinary |
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ISSN |
0022-3395 |
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Notes |
PMID:5167379 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2726 |
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Author |
Grafner, G.; Zimmermann, H.; Karge, E.; Munch, J.; Ribbeck, R.; Hiepe, T. |
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Title |
[Incidence and damages inflicted by simuliid flies in the GDR district of Schwerin] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Angewandte Parasitologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Parasitol |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
2-6 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases/*parasitology; Climate; *Diptera/growth & development; Ecology; Ectoparasitic Infestations/*veterinary; Germany, East; Horse Diseases/*parasitology; Horses; Swine; Swine Diseases/*parasitology |
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Abstract |
Systematic faunal studies in the district Schwerin showed at the present time there are 3 more or less damage-biotopes existing in the districts of Perleberg, Ludwigslust and Parchim; 5 river sources can be considered as potential sources, 5 are temporary and 2 are ephemeral whilst in 3 further areas environmental influences such as effluent impairs the flow of the river and the developmental stages of Simuliidae were not observed.--The following species were found: Boophthora erythrocephala, Wilhelmia salopiensis, Wilhelmia equina, Odagmia ornata, Eusimulium aureum and Eusimulium lundstroemi.--The damage statistics covering the period 1966--1971 showed in the district of Schwerin, due to Simuliid attacks, 38 cattle died, 170 were seriously ill; in 1967 5 horses were seriously ill; in 1971, 3 pigs died and 27 were seriously ill.--The symptoms were manifested by pathological petechiae, scabs and oedema, also by insufficiency of the heart and circulatory system, diminished performance and growth disturbance. In severe cases heart and circulation failure occurred, paresis, coma and death followed.--The real economic significance of the Simuliid attacks rest with its strong and prolonged distrubance in young animals, as well as in pronounced irreparable diminished performance in diseased dairy cattle. |
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German |
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Original Title |
Vorkommen und Schadwirkung von Kriebelmucken im DDR-Bezirk Schwerin |
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0003-3162 |
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PMID:1267220 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2699 |
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Author |
Strickman, D. |
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Title |
Notes on Tabanidae (Diptera) from Paraguay |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Med Entomol |
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19 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
399-402 |
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Animals; Cattle; Diptera/*growth & development; Dogs; Ecology; Female; Geography; Horses; Humans; Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology/veterinary; Male; Paraguay |
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0022-2585 |
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Notes |
PMID:7154018 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2690 |
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Author |
Wilhelm, W.E.; Anderson, J.H. |
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Title |
Vahlkampfia lobospinosa (Craig. 1912) Craig. 1913: rediscovery of a coprozoic ameba |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
The Journal of Parasitology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Parasitol |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1378-1379 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Cattle; Ecology; Feces/microbiology; Horse Diseases/epidemiology; Horses; Protozoan Infections/epidemiology; *Protozoan Infections, Animal; Sarcodina/*classification/growth & development; Swine; Swine Diseases/epidemiology; Tennessee |
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0022-3395 |
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Notes |
PMID:5157177 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2724 |
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Author |
Punzo, F.; Ludwig, L. |
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Title |
Contact with maternal parent and siblings affects hunting behavior, learning, and central nervous system development in spiderlings of Hogna carolinensis (Araeneae: Lycosidae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
63-70 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Central Nervous System/*growth & development; Female; *Learning; Male; *Predatory Behavior; Social Isolation; *Spiders |
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Abstract |
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of early experience (rearing conditions) on the central nervous system (CNS) and behavior of spiderlings of Hogna carolinensis (Lycosidae). We were interested in whether or not spiderlings that were allowed to remain in contact with their maternal parent and siblings (enriched condition, EC) would exhibit differences in CNS development or subsequent behavior when compared with those reared in isolation (improverished condition, IC). Spiderlings emerged from their egg sacs and climbed onto the dorsal surface of their mother's abdomen where they remained until their yolk supply was depleted (5 days). They dispersed on day 6 after emergence. We compared the ability of 16-day-old EC and IC spiderlings to capture prey in a linear runway and to learn a complex maze (spatial learning). We also compared certain aspects of CNS development (brain weight, total number of brain cells, volume of central body and protocerebral neuropil) in EC and IC spiderlings. Results indicated that EC subjects are more efficient at capturing moving prey (crickets) and exhibited improved performance (significantly fewer blind alley errors) in the maze. The volume of the protocerebral neuropil in 6-day-old EC animals increased 30% over a 5-day period after emergence as compared to IC animals of the same age. The volume of the central body of EC animals increased 34.8% over the same time period. On day 6 after emergence, the weight of the protocerebrum was significantly greater in EC versus IC subjects. There were no significant effects of rearing condition (EC vs IC) or age (1- and 6-day-old spiderlings) on the total number of nerve cells in the protocerebrum, suggesting that the difference in protocerebral weight was due primarily to differences in supporting glial tissues and neuropil matrix. In conclusion, the data suggest that early contact with the maternal parent and siblings is of vital importance to CNS development in lycosid spiderlings and can influence the capacity for spatial learning as well as the ability to capture prey. |
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Address |
Box 5F-Dept. of Biology, University of Tampa, 401 W. Kennedy Blvd., Tampa, FL 33606, USA. fpunzo@ut.edu |
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1435-9448 |
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Notes |
PMID:12150037 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2607 |
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