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	Author	Steinhoff, H.J.; Lieutenant, K.; Redhardt, A.
	Title	Conformational transition of aquomethemoglobin: intramolecular histidine E7 binding reaction to the heme iron in the temperature range between 220 K and 295 K as seen by EPR and temperature-jump measurements			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1989	Publication	Biochimica et Biophysica Acta	Abbreviated Journal	Biochim Biophys Acta
	Volume	996	Issue	1-2	Pages	49-56
	Keywords	Animals; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Heme; Histidine; Horses; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Methemoglobin/*ultrastructure; Motion; Protein Conformation; Temperature; Thermodynamics; Water
	Abstract	Temperature-dependent EPR and temperature-jump measurements have been carried out, in order to examine the high-spin to low-spin transition of aquomethemogobin (pH 6.0). Relaxation rates and equilibrium constants could be determined as a function of temperature. As a reaction mechanism for the high-spin to low-spin transition, the binding of N epsilon of His E7 to the heme iron had been proposed; the same mechanism had been suggested for the ms-effect, found in temperature-jump experiments on aquomethemoglobin. A comparison of the thermodynamic quantities, deduced form the measurements in this paper, gives evidence that indeed the same reaction is investigated in both cases. Our results and most of the findings of earlier studies on the spin-state transitions of aquomethemoglobin, using susceptibility, optical, or EPR measurements, can be explained by the transition of methemoglobin with H2O as ligand (with high-spin state at all temperatures) and methemoglobin with ligand N epsilon of His E7 (with a low-spin ground state). Thermal fluctuations of large amplitude have to be postulated for the reaction to take place, so this reaction may be understood as a probe for the study of protein dynamics.
	Address	Institut fur Biophysik, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, F.R.G
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0006-3002	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:2544230			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3803
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	Author	Yamada, T.; Rojanasuphot, S.; Takagi, M.; Wungkobkiat, S.; Hirota, T.
	Title	Studies on an epidemic of Japanese encephalitis in the northern region of Thailand in 1969 and 1970			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1971	Publication	Biken Journal	Abbreviated Journal	Biken J
	Volume	14	Issue	3	Pages	267-296
	Keywords	Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Arboviruses/immunology; Buffaloes; Cattle; Chickens; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross Reactions; Culicidae; Dengue Virus/immunology; Disease Outbreaks; Ducks; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/immunology/isolation & purification; Encephalitis, Japanese/cerebrospinal fluid/*epidemiology/immunology/microbiology/mortality; Female; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral/epidemiology; Horses; Humans; Infant; Male; Mice; Neutralization Tests; Swine; Thailand
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0006-2324	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:4400462			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2728
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	Author	Meyer, W.; Pakur, M.
	Title	[Remarks on the domestic dog as an object of instruction for the education of the developing child]			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1999	Publication	Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift	Abbreviated Journal	Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr
	Volume	112	Issue	4	Pages	131-138
	Keywords	Animals; Animals, Domestic; Bonding, Human-Pet; Character; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cognition; *Dogs; Emotions; Empathy; Humans
	Abstract	Based on an intensive analysis of literature, the study summarizes problems involved in the significance of domesticated dogs as objects of instruction and assistants of the education of children. Several important topics are discussed in view of advances for children in families keeping dogs. Such topics are mainly related to a general socio-emotional level, the support of cognitive development and character formation. Further aspects are the acquisition of a sense of responsibility, and the development of self-confidence, a sense of social membership and security, as well as important attributes of character such as frankness, broad mindedness, and sympathetic understanding. Moreover, knowledge about the life cycle and functions of body organs can be conveyed, and the dog could, at least in part, substitute for brothers and sisters. Basically, positive attitudes towards animals in general, as well as nature and environment are supported. All topics are critically commented and considered to be realistic or not. The supporting role of parents, in particular, is emphasized. Parental commitment should include deep concern with the typical attributes of the dog breed desired, and optimal dog keeping conditions to prevent harm to the children. The final commentary lays special emphasis on negative features of domestication for a pet owner, and cautions against non-biological and illusionary ideas about domesticated animals.
	Address	Anatomisches Institut der Tierakztlichen Hochschule Hannover
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	German	Summary Language		Original Title	Bemerkungen zum Haushund als Lehrobjekt und Erziehungshilfe fur das sich entwickelnde Kind
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0005-9366	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:10337055			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4155
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	Author	Dow, M.; Ewing, A.W.; Sutherland, I.
	Title	Studies on the behaviour of cyprinodont fish. III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1976	Publication	Behaviour	Abbreviated Journal	Behaviour
	Volume	59	Issue	3-4	Pages	252-268
	Keywords	Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dominance-Subordination; Fishes; Humans; Individuality; Killifishes; Male; Time Factors
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0005-7959	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:1035107			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4151
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	Author	McClearn, G.E.
	Title	Behavioral genetics			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1971	Publication	Behavioral Science	Abbreviated Journal	Behav Sci
	Volume	16	Issue	1	Pages	64-81
	Keywords	Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Aptitude; Behavior, Animal; Chromosome Aberrations; Cognition; Cytogenetics; Female; *Genetics, Behavioral; Genetics, Population; Humans; Intelligence; Mental Retardation; Mice; Models, Biological; Personality; Phenylketonurias; Pregnancy; Research; Schizophrenia; Sex Chromosome Aberrations; Twins
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0005-7940	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:5105941			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4150
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	Author	Cowley, J.J.; Griesel, R.D.
	Title	The effect on growth and behaviour of rehabilitating first and second generation low protein rats			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1966	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
	Volume	14	Issue	4	Pages	506-517
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Female; Growth; Humans; Intelligence; Learning; Male; Mental Retardation/etiology; Protein Deficiency/*therapy; Rats
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-3472	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:6008473			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4119
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	Author	Hendricks, J.C.; Morrison, A.R.
	Title	Normal and abnormal sleep in mammals			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1981	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
	Volume	178	Issue	2	Pages	121-126
	Keywords	Animals; Cat Diseases/physiopathology; Cats; Cattle; Dog Diseases/physiopathology; Dogs; Dreams; Horses/physiology; Humans; Narcolepsy/physiopathology/veterinary; Sleep/physiology; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/physiopathology/veterinary; Sleep Disorders/physiopathology/veterinary; Sleep, REM/physiology
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:7204232			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	101
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	Author	Kaiser, L.; Heleski, C.R.; Siegford, J.; Smith, K.A.
	Title	Stress-related behaviors among horses used in a therapeutic riding program			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
	Volume	228	Issue	1	Pages	39-45
	Keywords	Adult; Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Child; Disabled Persons; Female; Horses/psychology; Humans; Male; Mentally Disabled Persons; Occupational Therapy/methods; Recreation; Risk Factors; Stress/*veterinary
	Abstract	OBJECTIVE: To determine whether therapeutic riding resulted in higher levels of stress or frustration for horses than did recreational riding and whether therapeutic riding with at-risk individuals was more stressful for the horses than was therapeutic riding with individuals with physical or emotional handicaps. DESIGN: Observational study. ANIMALS: 14 horses in a therapeutic riding program. PROCEDURE: An ethogram of equine behaviors was created, and horses were observed while ridden by 5 groups of riders (recreational riders, physically handicapped riders, psychologically handicapped riders, at risk children, and special education children). Number of stress-related behaviors (ears pinned back, head raised, head turned, head tossed, head shaken, head down, and defecation) was compared among groups. RESULTS: No significant differences in mean number of stress-related behaviors were found when horses were ridden by recreational riders, physically handicapped riders, psychologically handicapped riders, or special education children. However, mean number of stress-related behaviors was significantly higher when horses were ridden by the at-risk children. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that for horses in a therapeutic riding program, being ridden by physically or psychologically handicapped individuals is no more stressful for the horses than is being ridden in the same setting by recreational riders. However, at-risk children caused more stress to the horses, suggesting that the time horses are ridden by at-risk children should be limited both daily and weekly.
	Address	Human-Animal Bond Initiative, College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16426164			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1879
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	Author	Kaiser, L.; Smith, K.A.; Heleski, C.R.; Spence, L.J.
	Title	Effects of a therapeutic riding program on at-risk and special education children			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
	Volume	228	Issue	1	Pages	46-52
	Keywords	Adolescent; Anger; Animals; Bonding, Human-Pet; Child; Child Behavior; Child Psychology; Disabled Persons/psychology/rehabilitation; Female; Horses; Humans; Mainstreaming (Education); Male; Mothers/psychology; Occupational Therapy/methods; Recreation; Self Efficacy; Sports/psychology
	Abstract	OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a therapeutic riding program on psychosocial measurements among children considered at risk for poor performance or failure in school or life and among children in special education programs. DESIGN: Observational study. POPULATION: 17 at-risk children (6 boys and 11 girls) and 14 special education children (7 boys and 7 girls). PROCEDURE: For the at-risk children, anger, anxiety, perceived self-competence, and physical coordination were assessed. For the special education children, anger and cheerfulness were measured, and the children's and their mothers' perceptions of the children's behavior were assessed. Measurements were made before and after an 8-session therapeutic riding program. RESULTS: For boys enrolled in the special education program, anger was significantly decreased after completion of the riding program. The boys' mothers also perceived significant improvements in their children's behavior after completion of the program. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that an 8-session therapeutic riding program can significantly decrease anger in adolescent boys in a special education program and positively affect their mothers' perception of the boys' behavior.
	Address	Human-Animal Bond Initiative, College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16426165			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1880
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	Author	Madigan, J.E.; Bell, S.A.
	Title	Owner survey of headshaking in horses			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
	Volume	219	Issue	3	Pages	334-337
	Keywords	Animals; Anti-Allergic Agents/therapeutic use; Behavior, Animal/drug effects; Cyproheptadine/therapeutic use; Data Collection; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/drug therapy/etiology; Horses; Humans; Male; Questionnaires; Seasons
	Abstract	OBJECTIVE: To determine signalment, history, clinical signs, duration, seasonality, and response to various treatments reported by owners for headshaking in horses. DESIGN: Owner survey. ANIMALS: 109 horses with headshaking. PROCEDURE: Owners of affected horses completed a survey questionnaire. RESULTS: 78 affected horses were geldings, 29 were mares, and 2 were stallions. Mean age of onset was 9 years. Headshaking in 64 horses had a seasonal component, and for most horses, headshaking began in spring and ceased in late summer or fall. The most common clinical signs were shaking the head in a vertical plane, acting like an insect was flying up the nostril, snorting excessively, rubbing the muzzle on objects, having an anxious expression while headshaking, worsening of clinical signs with exposure to sunlight, and improvement of clinical signs at night. Treatment with antihistamines, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, antimicrobials, fly control, chiropractic, and acupuncture had limited success. Sixty-one horses had been treated with cyproheptadine; 43 had moderate to substantial improvement. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Headshaking may have many causes. A large subset of horses have similar clinical signs including shaking the head in a vertical plane, acting as if an insect were flying up the nostrils, and rubbing the muzzle on objects. Seasonality and worsening of clinical signs with exposure to light are also common features of this syndrome. Geldings and Thoroughbreds appear to be overrepresented. Cyproheptadine treatment was beneficial in more than two thirds of treated horses.
	Address	Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:11497047			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	1916
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