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Author |
McClure, S.R.; Chaffin, M.K. |
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Title |
Self-mutilative behavior in horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
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Volume |
202 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
179-180 |
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Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; *Self Mutilation |
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0003-1488 |
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PMID:8428817 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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1944 |
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Author |
Beveridge, W.I. |
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Title |
Unravelling the ecology of influenza A virus |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hist Philos Life Sci |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
23-32 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Bird Diseases/epidemiology/*history/microbiology; Birds; Ecology; History, 20th Century; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/*history/microbiology; Horses; Humans; Influenza A virus/*isolation & purification; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*history/microbiology/*veterinary; Swine; Swine Diseases/epidemiology/*history/microbiology; Zoonoses/history |
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Abstract |
For 20 years after the influenza A virus was discovered in the early 1930s, it was believed to be almost exclusively a human virus. But in the 1950s closely related viruses were discovered in diseases of horses, pigs and birds. Subsequently influenza A viruses were found to occur frequently in many species of birds, particularly ducks, usually without causing disease. Researchers showed that human and animal strains can hybridise thus producing new strains. Such hybrids may be the cause of pandemics in man. Most pandemics have started in China or eastern Russia where many people are in intimate association with animals. This situation provides a breeding ground for new strains of influenza A virus. |
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0391-9714 |
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PMID:8310117 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2667 |
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Author |
McGlone, J.J.; Hicks, T.A. |
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Title |
Teaching standard agricultural practices that are known to be painful |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1071-1074 |
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N1 - |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2933 |
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Author |
Heyes, C.M. |
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Title |
Imitation, culture and cognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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46 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
999-1010 |
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Abstract. This paper examines the significance of imitation in non-human animals with respect to the phylogenetic origins of culture and cognitive complexity. It is argued that both imitation (learning about behaviour through nonspecific observation) and social learning (learning about the environment through conspecific observation) can mediate social transmission of information, and that neither is likely to play an important role in supporting behavioural traditions or culture. Current evidence suggests that imitation is unlikely to do this because it does not insulate information from modification through individual learning in the retention period between acquisition and re-transmission. Although insignificant in relation to culture, imitation apparently involves complex and little-understood cognitive operations. It is unique in requiring animals spontaneously to equate extrinsic visual input with proprioceptive and/or kinaesthetic feedback from their own actions, but not in requiring or implicating self-consciousness, representation, metarepresentation or a capacity for goal-directed action. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2920 |
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Author |
Mitchell R |
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Title |
Mental models of mirror self-recognition: two theories |
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Year |
1993 |
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New Ideas Psychol. |
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11 |
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211 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3019 |
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Author |
Nagell K; Olguin RS; Tomasello M |
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Title |
Processes of social learning in the tool use of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and human children (Homo sapiens) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
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J. Comp. Psychol. |
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107 |
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174 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3021 |
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Author |
Povinelli DJ |
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Title |
Reconstructing the evolution of mind |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Am. Psychol. |
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Volume |
48(5) |
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493 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3027 |
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Author |
Povinelli DJ; Rulf AB; Landau KR; Bierschwale DT |
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Title |
Self-recognition in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): distribution, ontogeny, and patterns of emergence |
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Year |
1993 |
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J. Comp. Psychol. |
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Volume |
107 |
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Pages |
347 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3033 |
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Author |
Russon AE; Galdikas BMF |
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Title |
Imitation in free-ranging rehabilitant orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) |
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Year |
1993 |
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J. Comp. Psychol. |
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107 |
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147 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3036 |
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Author |
Tomasello M; Savage-Rumbaugh S; Kruger AC |
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Title |
Imitative learning of actions on objects by children, chimpanzees, and enculturated chimpanzees |
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1993 |
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Child Dev. |
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64 |
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1688 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3044 |
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