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	Author	Sivak, J.G.; Allen, D.B.
	Title	An evaluation of the “ramp” retina of the horse eye			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1975	Publication	Vision Research	Abbreviated Journal	Vision Res
	Volume	15	Issue	12	Pages	1353-1356
	Keywords	Accommodation, Ocular; Animals; Aqueous Humor/physiology; Cornea/physiology; Freezing; Horses/anatomy & histology; Lens, Crystalline/anatomy & histology/physiology; Refraction, Ocular; Retina/anatomy & histology; Vitreous Body/physiology
	Abstract	Using a rapid freezing and sectioning technique, the distance between the lens and retina of the horse eye was measured. There is no indication of a ramp retina that could serve accommodation. The pupil axis of the eye coincides with the maximum lens to retina distance. The changes in the lens-retina distance are greater below the axis than above it. Calculations were made of refractive power of the horse eye from measurements of curvature and refractive indices of the ocular tissues. These calculations agree both qualitatively and quantitatively with retinoscopic measurements on live horses. Both show that the refractive state shifts in the direction of hyperopia above and below the axis and that this shift is greater below the axis than above it. Some dynamic accommodative ability in the living eye was observed.
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0042-6989	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:1210017			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3647
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