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Author (up) Kobayashi, K.; Jackowiak, H.; Frackowiak, H.; Yoshimura, K.; Kumakura, M.; Kobayashi, K. openurl 
  Title Comparative morphological study on the tongue and lingual papillae of horses (Perissodactyla) and selected ruminantia (Artiodactyla) Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology = Archivio Italiano di Anatomia ed Embriologia Abbreviated Journal Ital J Anat Embryol  
  Volume 110 Issue 2 Suppl 1 Pages 55-63  
  Keywords Animals; Artiodactyla/*anatomy & histology/physiology; Cattle; Connective Tissue/physiology/ultrastructure; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Goats/anatomy & histology/physiology; Horses/anatomy & histology/physiology; Mastication/physiology; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Perissodactyla/*anatomy & histology/physiology; Tongue/physiology/*ultrastructure  
  Abstract A common characteristic of horses, Rocky Mountain goats, and cattle is that they all have a well developed lingual prominence on the dorsal surface of the posterior area of the tongue. Foliate papillae were found in the horse studied but not in the goat or in cattle. The horse filiform papillae had a long and slender external form with a thin and slender CTC, while in the goat and cattle the external form consisted of a large thick main process and the CTC consisted of a bundle of numerous rod-shaped protrusions. The special papilla found on the lingual prominence resembled larger filiform-like papillae in the horses; however, in the goat and cattle it was a very thick and large tongue like papillae. The horses had two large vallate papillae, while the goat and cattle had 15 or more vallate papillae at the posterior area of the lingual prominence. This suggests that the fine structure of horse tongues may display a more primitive pattern than that present in goats and cattle.  
  Address Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, Niigata, Japan. kobayashi@ngt.ndu.ac.jp  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1122-6714 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16101021 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1887  
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