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Author Araba, B.D.; Crowell-Davis, S.L.
Title Dominance relationships and aggression of foals (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.
Volume 41 Issue 1-2 Pages 1-25
Keywords aggression; dominance; horse; Equus caballus
Abstract Studied a herd of 15 Belgian brood-mares and 10 foals. Specific aspects of social structure studied were dominance-subordinance relationships, preferred associates, social spacing, aggression rates, the frequency of aggressions administered down the dominance hierarchy, and interactive play bouts. The rank order of the foals, both before and after weaning, was positively correlated with the rank order of their dams. There was also a significant relationship between a foal's rank and its total aggression or aggression rate per subordinate post-weaning. Higher ranking foals had higher rates of aggression. Over 80% of threats were directed down the dominance hierachy. The play-rank order of the foals, scored by the number of times foal left a play bout, was not significantly correlated with the rank order as scored by agonistic interactions. -from Authors
Address Dept Anatomy and Radiology, Univ of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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ISSN 01681591 (Issn) ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved (up) no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 790
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Author Chase, I.D.; Bartolomeo, C.; Dugatkin, L.A.
Title Aggressive interactions and inter-contest interval: how long do winners keep winning? Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 393-400
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Abstract Abstract. Considerable evidence across many taxa demonstrates that prior social experience affects the outcome of subsequent aggressive interactions. Although the 'loser effect', in which an individual losing one encounter is likely to lose the next, is relatively well understood, studies of the 'winner effect', in which winning one encounter increases the probability of winning the next, have produced mixed results. Earlier studies differ concerning whether a winner effect exists, and if it does, how long it lasts. The variation in results, however, may arise from different inter-contest intervals and procedures for selecting contestants employed across previous studies. These methodological differences are addressed through a series of experiments using randomly selected winners and three different inter-contest intervals in the pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis gibbosus. The results indicate that a winner effect does in fact exist in pumpkinseed sunfish, but that it only lasts between 15 and 60 min. Based on these results, predictions about the behavioural dynamics of hierarchy formation are discussed, and it is suggested that it may be impossible, in principle, to predict the outcome of dominance interactions between some individuals before they are actually assembled to form a group. Finally, the possible mechanisms underlying the winner effect are explored.
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Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 873
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Author Feh, C .; BOLDSUKH, T.; TOURENQ, C.
Title Are family groups in equids a response to cooperative hunting by predators? The case of Mongolian Kulans (Equus hemionus luteus Matschie) Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Revue d´ écologie (Terre et Vie) Abbreviated Journal Rev Ecol (Terre Vie)
Volume 49 Issue Pages 11-20
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Call Number Serial 1083
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Author Ishida, N.; Hirano, T.; Mukoyama, H.
Title Detection of aberrant alleles in the D-loop region of equine mitochondrial DNA by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Animal Genetics Abbreviated Journal Anim Genet
Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 287
Keywords *Alleles; Animals; Base Sequence; *DNA, Mitochondrial; DNA, Single-Stranded/genetics; Female; Gene Frequency; Genomic Imprinting; Horses/*genetics; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Pedigree; *Polymorphism, Genetic
Abstract
Address Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0268-9146 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7985852 Approved (up) no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2213
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Author Macfadden, B.J.
Title Fossil horses Cambridge Univ Press Type Book Whole
Year 1994 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Synopsis

The family Equidae have an extensive fossil record spanning the last 58 million years, and the evolution of the horse has frequently been used as a classic example of long-term evolution. In recent years, however, there have been many important discoveries of fossil horses, and these, in conjunction with such new methods as cladistics, and techniques like precise geochronology, have allowed us to achieve a much greater understanding of the evolution and biology of this important group. This book synthesizes the large body of data and research relevant to an understanding of fossil horses from several disciplines including biology, geology and palaeontology. Using horses as the central theme, the author weaves together in the text such topics as modern geochronology, palaeobiogeography, climate change, evolution and extinction, functional morphology, and population biology during the Cenozoic period.
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Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Cambridge Editor
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ISSN ISBN 978-0521477086 Medium
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Notes Approved (up) no
Call Number Serial 1360
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Author McComb, K.; Clutton-Brock, T.
Title Is mate choice copying or aggregation responsible for skewed distributions of females on leks? Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society Abbreviated Journal Proc Biol Sci
Volume 255 Issue 1342 Pages 13-19
Keywords Animals; Deer/*physiology; Estrus/physiology; Female; Male; Phenotype; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Territoriality
Abstract In several lek-breeding populations of birds and mammals, females arriving on leks tend to join males that already have females in their territories. This might occur either because females have an evolved preference for mating with males that are attractive to other females, or because they join groups of other females to obtain greater safety from predation or dangerous harassment by males. We have previously used controlled experiments to show that oestrous fallow deer females join males with established harems because they are attracted to female groups rather than to the males themselves. Here we demonstrate that the preference for males with females over males without females is specific to oestrous females and weak or absent in anoestrous ones, and that it is not associated with a preference for mating with males that have previously been seen to mate with other females. Furthermore, oestrous females given the choice between males that do not already have females with them show no significant preference for antlered over deantlered males or for older males over younger ones. We conclude that female attraction to other females on the lek is likely to be an adaptation to avoiding harassment in mixed-sex herds. In this situation, a male's ability to maintain the cohesion of his harem may be the principal cause of variation in mating success between males.
Address Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, U.K
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0962-8452 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:8153135 Approved (up) no
Call Number Serial 1823
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Author Zeeb, K.
Title [Possibilities for the all-year free-range raising of horses] Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift Abbreviated Journal Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr
Volume 101 Issue 3 Pages 122-123
Keywords Animal Feed; *Animal Husbandry; Animal Welfare; Animals; Germany; Horses/*physiology; Housing, Animal; Seasons; Weather
Abstract The ethological concept concerning supply of needs an avoidance of damage is mentioned as a possibility for the evaluation of welfare aspects related to animal management. The 250 Dulmen horses kept on 300 ha by the Duke of Croy show what must be provided for horse-keeping in a semi-natural environment: Sufficient food and water, efficient shelter as well as adequate structures for the needs of horses concerning social and comfort behaviour. A catalogue of factors, functions and facilities for this kind of horse-keeping is presented.
Address Tierhygienischen Institut, Freiburg, Breisgau
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title Moglichkeiten der ganzjahrigen Freilandhaltung von Pferden
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0341-6593 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:8205954 Approved (up) no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1941
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Author Witter, M.S.; Swaddle, J.P.
Title Fluctuating Asymmetries, Competition and Dominance Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences Abbreviated Journal Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.
Volume 256 Issue 1347 Pages 299-303
Keywords
Abstract Levels of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in the primary feathers of European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, have been shown to be sensitive to nutritional and energetic stress. Furthermore, between-individual variation in plumage FA has been found to be related to social dominance, even without social interactions during feather growth, with dominant birds exhibiting the highest levels of FA. Here we examine whether the relation between dominance and FA differs when birds are housed in social groups, under different degrees of competition for food, during moult. We reason that dominants should derive a greater benefit from their social status as competition for food increases. Our results support this proposition. The relation between dominance and FA differed significantly according to the degree of competition for food. However, in no cases did the dominants exhibit lower levels of FA than subdominants. When competition for food was low, dominants had higher levels of FA than subdominants. When competition for food was high, there was no systematic relation between dominance and FA. These results suggest that dominants may only derive a net benefit from their social status, under the circumstances of our experiment, during severe conditions of competition.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2203
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Author Bauer, I. E.; McMorrow, J. Yalden,; D. W.
Title The Historic Ranges of Three Equid Species in North-East Africa: A Quantitative Comparison of Environmental Tolerances Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Journal of Biogeography Abbreviated Journal J Biogeogr
Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 169-182
Keywords
Abstract The historic ranges of three equid species native to north-east Africa are analysed with respect to annual rainfall, several temperature parameters and a satellite-derived multispectral index of primary productivity. Equus africanus Fitzinger, Equus grevyi Oustalet and Equus burchelli Gray used to largely replace each other, geographically, with narrow zones of range overlap occurring between E. africanus and E. grevyi in the Awash valley, and between E. grevyi and E. burchelli in southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya. The three species are shown to succeed each other along an environmental gradient. The position of each species on this gradient and the resulting location and extent of its range are discussed. Competitive exclusion, specific adaptations and historic events are likely determinants of equid distribution. In the area of sympatry between E. grevyi and E. burchelli, mixed habitat characters as well as environmental fluctuations seem to prevent either species from excluding the other. Different social organizations of E. grevyi and E. burchelli and the resulting migratory patterns may be adaptations to the environment in their allopatric ranges; in their sympatric range they could alleviate competition.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2222
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Author Breen, M.; Downs, P.; Irvin, Z.; Bell, K.
Title Intrageneric amplification of horse microsatellite markers with emphasis on the Przewalski's horse (E. przewalskii) Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Animal Genetics Abbreviated Journal Anim Genet
Volume 25 Issue 6 Pages 401-405
Keywords Animals; DNA, Satellite/*genetics; *Gene Amplification; Gene Frequency; *Genetic Markers; Heterozygote; Horses/*genetics; Species Specificity
Abstract Primer sequences flanking 13 microsatellite loci isolated from the domestic horse (E. caballus) were successfully used to amplify homologous loci in the Przewalski's horse (E. przewalskii). The results demonstrate that the level of polymorphism at all 13 loci in the Przewalski's horse was comparable to that in the domestic horse and the overall exclusion probability in the Przewalski's horse was calculated to be 0.9994. The results suggest that it should be possible to use E. caballus-derived microsatellite markers to provide parentage verification and additional valuable information to the captive management of E. przewalskii. The ability to amplify corresponding loci in the remaining five species of the genus was also confirmed, illustrating the general application of markers isolated from the domestic horse to the evaluation of polymorphism in the other six species of the genus.
Address Australian Equine Blood Typing Research Laboratory, University of Queensland, St Lucia
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0268-9146 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7695120 Approved (up) no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2246
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