Records |
Author |
Neveu, P.J. |
Title |
Brain Lateralization and Immunomodulation |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
International Journal of Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Neurosci |
Volume |
70 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
135-143 |
Keywords |
Psychoneuroimmunology, brain lateralization |
Abstract |
The two sides of the brain may be differently involved in the modulation of immune responses as demonstrated by lesional and behavioral approaches in rodents. Lesions of right or left neocortex induced opposite effects on various immune parameters including mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation, interleukin-2 production, macrophage activation or natural killer cell activity. This animal model, useful to elucidate whereby the brain and the immune system can communicate, appears to be suitable for studying the immune perturbations observed during stroke in humans. Brain asymmetry in modulation of immune reactivity may also be demonstrated in intact animal using a behavioral paradigm. The direction of a lateralized motor behavior ie paw preference in a food reaching task, correlated with an asymmetrical brain organization, was shown to be associated with lymphocyte reactivity, natural killer cell activity and auto-antibody production. The association between paw preference and immune reactivity in mice varies according to the immune parameters tested and is a sex-dependent phenomenon in which genetic background may be involved. The experimental models for investigating asymmetrical brain modulation of the immune system should be useful for studying several physiological, pathological and genetic aspects of neuroimmunomodulation. |
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Informa Clin Med |
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ISSN |
0020-7454 |
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doi: 10.3109/00207459309000569 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5778 |
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Author |
Herbert, T.B.; Cohen, S. |
Title |
Stress and immunity in humans: a meta-analytic review |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Psychosomatic Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
: This article presents a meta-analysis of the literature on stress and immunity in humans. The primary analyses include all relevant studies irrespective of the measure or manipulation of stress. The results of these analyses show substantial evidence for a relation between stress and decreases in functional immune measures (proliferative response to mitogens and natural killer cell activity). Stress is also related to numbers and percent of circulating white blood cells, immunoglobulin levels, and antibody titers to herpesviruses. Subsequent analyses suggest that objective stressful events are related to larger immune changes than subjective self-reports of stress, that immune response varies with stressor duration, and that interpersonal events are related to different immune outcomes than nonsocial events. We discuss the way neuroendocrine mechanisms and health practices might explain immune alteration following stress, and outline issues that need to be investigated in this area. Copyright (C) 1993 by American Psychosomatic Society |
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0033-3174 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ 00006842-199307000-00004 |
Serial |
5995 |
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Author |
Byrne, R.W. |
Title |
Do larger brains mean greater intelligence? |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Behavioral and Brain Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Brain Sci. |
Volume |
16 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
696-697 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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ISSN |
1469-1825 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6171 |
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Author |
Genov, P.W.; Kostava, V. |
Title |
Untersuchungen zur zahlenmäßigen Stärke des Wolfes und seiner Einwirkung auf die Haustierbestände in Bulgarien |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Jagdwissenschaft |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
217-223 |
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Abstract |
Die Untersuchung wurde in der Zeitspanne von 1984 bis 1988 durchgeführt. Es wurden die Protokolle des Staatlichen Versicherungsinstituts benutzt, die Angaben für Raubüberfälle von Wölfen auf Haustiere beinhalten (Tabelle 1). Außerdem wurden Angaben über die während dieser Zeitspanne erlegten Wölfe zusammengefaßt. Die Abschußzahlen lauten: 1984 – 163, 1985 – 147, 1986 – 179, 1987 – 211 und 1988 – 220 Tiere. Die Anzahl der in den einzelnen Gebirgen lebenden Wölfe wurde nach einer Umfrage festgestellt. Für die in Betracht kommenden Gebirge werden folgende Bestandszahlen angenommen: Rhodopen -- 60-80 Individuen, 189 bis 264 km2 pro Tier, Rila- und Piringebirge -- 60-80 Tiere, 109 bis 145 km2 pro Tier, Ossogowo-Belassiza Gebirgssystem -- 40-50 Individuen, 57-70 km2 pro Tier, West- und Mittelbalkan -- 35-38 Wölfe, 200 km2 pro Tier. Dazu kommen noch 10-15 Wölfe im Flußbecken von Beli Lom und etwa 20 Exemplare in Strandscha- und Sakargebirge. Insgesamt lebten in Bulgarien im Jahre 1988 etwa 260-330 Wölfe (Abb. 1). |
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ISSN |
1439-0574 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Genov1993 |
Serial |
6686 |
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Author |
Stadler, P.; Rewel, A.; Deegen, E. |
Title |
[M-mode echocardiography in dressage horses, class S jumping horses and untrained horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zentralbl Veterinarmed A |
Volume |
40 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
292-306 |
Keywords |
Animals; Echocardiography/*veterinary; Female; Heart Septum/ultrasonography; Heart Ventricles/ultrasonography; Horses/*anatomy & histology; Male; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Reference Values |
Abstract |
Heart structures of 45 warmblooded horses were measured by M-mode-echocardiography. The current training level of 15 dressage horses (group I) and 15 show-jumping horses (group II) was category “S”. In the third group were 15 untrained horses. Four standardized transducer positions were determined for the m-mode echobeam, calibrated according to the two-dimensional real time technique. End systolic and end diastolic diameters of left ventricle, right ventricle, aortic root, interventricular septum and left ventricular wall, as well as motion pattern of heart wall, mitral valve and aortic valve of all horses were measured. The dressage horses showed a significant thickening of interventricular septum and left-ventricular wall compared with the show-jumping horses and the untrained horses. The end diastolic left ventricle diameter of the show-jumping horses was significantly larger than in the other groups. Compared to the untrained horses the show-jumping horses showed a significantly larger end systolic left ventricular wall diameter measured at the level of papillary muscle. It can be concluded, that an increase in heart mass in category “S” sport horses is attributed to their level of training. |
Address |
Klinik fur Pferde der Tierarztlichen Hochschule Hannover |
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German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Die M-mode-Echokardiographie bei S-Dressur-, S-Springpferden und bei untrainierten Pferden |
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0514-7158 |
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Notes |
PMID:8342361 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3749 |
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