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Author (up) Ryder, O.A.; Massena, R. doi  openurl
  Title A case of male infanticide in Equus przewalskii Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 21 Issue 1-2 Pages 187-190  
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  Abstract Following the introduction of a new stallion to a band of E. przewalskii mares two births, both of male foals, resulted in foal death due to injuries sustained in the first day of life. Neither foal was sired by the new herd stallion. The second foal death was the results of an observed attack on the newborn male and is described here. Subsequently births in the same enclosure and, in one instance, to the same mare whose previous foal was killed, were of foals sired by the new stallion and were uneventful, with 3 male foals surviving to date.  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1539  
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Author (up) Schilder, M.B.H. doi  openurl
  Title Dominance relationships between adult Plains zebra stallions in semi – captivity Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Behaviour  
  Volume 104 Issue 3-4 Pages 300-319  
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  Abstract The relationships between 4-5 adult zebra stallions, living in a safari park, were investigated over a period of 5 years. Asymmetries in the distributions of a number of behaviours could be explained by adopting dominance as an intervening variable. Dominance in stallions was of a bipolar nature with on the one hand behaviours representing subordinance and defence, and on the other hand behaviours reinforcing and confirming dominance. Expression of formal dominance seems to play a minor role. The dyadic relationships of stallions differed as to the number of behaviours reflecting dominance relationships. Although often linear rank-orders could be constructed, these rank-orders were not necessarily identical. This means that the concept of dominance is of only limited value for describing relationships between zebra stallions.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1564  
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Author (up) Seyfarth, R. M.; Cheney, D. L. isbn  openurl
  Title Do monkeys understand their realtions? Type Book Chapter
  Year 1988 Publication Machiavellian Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor Byrne, R.; Whiten, A.  
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  ISSN ISBN 0-19-852175-8 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5457  
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Author (up) Shaw, E.B.; Houpt, K.A.; Holmes, D.F. openurl 
  Title Body temperature and behaviour of mares during the last two weeks of pregnancy Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Equine veterinary journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 199-202  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Body Temperature; Circadian Rhythm; Eating; Female; Horses/*physiology; Labor, Obstetric/*physiology; Motor Activity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal/*physiology  
  Abstract Average daily core body temperature and behavioural patterns of pregnant mares were studied, in search of definitive signs of parturition within 24 h of the event. Nineteen pony mares were sampled twice daily for core body temperature. A significant temperature drop, averaging 0.1 degrees C (0.2 degrees F) was observed during the day prior to parturition. Between 18.00 h and 06.00 h, during the two weeks before parturition, Thoroughbred and Standardbred mares (n = 52) spent an average 66.8 per cent of their time standing, 27.0 per cent eating, 4.9 per cent lying in sternal recumbency, 1.0 per cent lying in lateral recumbency, and 0.3 per cent walking. On the night before parturition, mares spent significantly less time lying in sternal recumbency than on previous nights and on the night of parturition all behaviour patterns except eating were significantly different from the nights of the two weeks before parturition. There was an increase in walking (5.3 per cent), lying in sternal recumbency (8 per cent) and lying in lateral recumbency (5.3 per cent) whereas standing (53.3 per cent) was decreased. In 58 observed pregnancies, 54 mares (97 per cent) foaled in a recumbent position and 50 mares (86 per cent) foaled between 18.00 h and 06.00 h.  
  Address Department of Physiology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853  
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  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:3402416 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 46  
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Author (up) Smielowski, J. openurl 
  Title Breeding of the Grevy's Zebra at Polish zoological gardens Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Abbreviated Journal Przeglad Zool  
  Volume 32 Issue Pages 595-597  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1608  
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Author (up) Smuts, M.M.S.; Penzhorn, B. L. openurl 
  Title Descriptions of antomical differences between skulls and mandibles of Equus zebra and E. burchelli from southern Africa Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication South African Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal South African Journal of Zoology  
  Volume 23 Issue (4)3 Pages 328-336  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1617  
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Author (up) Steinhoff, H.J. openurl 
  Title A continuous wave laser T-jump apparatus and its application to chemical reactions in hemoglobin single crystals Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods Abbreviated Journal J Biochem Biophys Methods  
  Volume 15 Issue 6 Pages 319-330  
  Keywords Animals; Chemistry; Crystallization; *Heat; *Hemoglobins; Horses/blood; *Lasers; Methemoglobin; Solutions; Thermodynamics; Thiocyanates  
  Abstract A laser temperature jump apparatus is constructed where the T-jump is achieved by means of the direct absorption of continuous laser radiation of low intensity by a solid sample. The final temperature in the irradiated volume element is reached when the absorbed radiation power equals the dissipation of heat by heat conduction. The time range from the beginning of irradiation to the stationary state depends on the geometry of the irradiated volume element and is less than 10 ms. The heating laser beam is simultaneously used to detect the relaxation to the new chemical equilibrium in the sample. Relaxation processes with relaxation rates between 10(2) s-1 and less than 10(-3) s-1 on samples with volumes less than 10(-3) mm3 may be investigated using this T-jump method. One application of this method is the determination of reaction rates of ligand reactions in hemoglobin single crystals. Rate constants obtained for the reaction of thiocyanate with crystallized horse methemoglobin are presented.  
  Address Institut fur Biophysik, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, F.R.G  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0165-022X ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:3379245 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3804  
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Author (up) Sugiyama Y; Koman J; Bhoye Show M openurl 
  Title Ant-catching wands of wild chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Folia Primatol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 51 Issue Pages 56  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3042  
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Author (up) Thackeray, J.F. openurl 
  Title Zebras from wonderwerk cave, northern Cape province, South Africa: attempts to distinguish Equus burchelli and E. quagga Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication South African journal of science Abbreviated Journal Suid- Afrikaanse Tydsskrif vir Wetenskap  
  Volume 84 Issue Pages 99-101  
  Keywords Cape Province; Teeth; Statistical analysis; Equidae; Hippomorpha; South Africa; Southern Africa; Perissodactyla; Mammalia; Vertebrata  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0038-2353 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1644  
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Author (up) Tilson, R.L.; Sweeny, K.A.; Binczik, G.A.; Reindl, N.J. url  openurl
  Title Buddies and bullies: Social structure of a bachelor group of Przewalski horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 21 Issue 1-2 Pages 169-185  
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  Abstract The Minnesota Zoological Garden established a bachelor (i.e. all-male) group of 8 Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii) in 1984. Possible methods for mixing males emerged through preliminary introductions and review of the relevant literature. These included: (1) grouping colts (<=3 years old) after removing them from their natal bands; (2) introducing adult stallions to colts in spacious, controlled environments to reduce the risk of combat-related injury or death associated with largely unpredictable adult temperament; (3) introducing more than 1 animal at a time to established groups. Based on the frequency and orientation of agonistic interactions observed among the bachelors, a linear dominance hierarchy was discerned among the 4 adult stallions; all 4 colts were determined to be of equally low or seemingly non-ranking status. Social rank among the adults was most influenced by individual temperament, and contention for rank was limited almost exclusively to the 3 lower-ranking stallions; the alpha male participated in 73% of all agonistic interactions observed, but was identified as the recipient in less than 3% of these interactions. Intra-band associations were detected in the bachelor group. The most prevalent of these was among the 4 colts, found together in over 70% of the observations. Other affinities commonly observed were between the colts (as a sub-group) and different stallions. The dominant stallion, the colts' most frequent companion, actively discouraged the 3 lower-ranking stallions from associating with the colts. Further, the colts were subjected to significantly fewer agonistic behaviors than the non-alpha stallions (per colt=1.05+/-0.24 h-1; per non-alpha stallion=2.01+/-0.04 h-1). These findings support the hypothesis developed by other workers for ungulates that young bachelors are sheltered from aggression by association with an alpha male. With one exception, adult associations were rarely noted. Although combat-related injuries (superficial wounds and temporary lameness) were common among the bachelors, few required medical attention. No permanent disabilities or deaths have occurred since the group's inception. The existence of social organization and intra-band associations in the bachelor group support the suggestion that such groups were once a natural part of this species' social milieu. Bachelor groups are therefore recommended as an ethologically sound, space- and cost-effective means of managing “surplus” (i.e. non-harem) male Przewalski horses.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 781  
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