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Author |
Kolter L, |
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Title |
Soziale Beziehungen zwischen Pferden und deren Auswirkungen auf die Aktivität bei Gruppenhaltung |
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1984 |
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Diss. Köln |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1324 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, G.C. |
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Title |
Morphologie fonctionelle et environnement chez les périssodactyles. |
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Year |
1984 |
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Geobios, Mém sp |
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8 |
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69 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1061 |
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Author |
DUNCAN P et al, |
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Title |
On lactation and associated behaviour in natural herd of horses |
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Year |
1984 |
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Anim Behav |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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32 |
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255-263 |
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Developmental changes in time spent suckling and related mother-foal behaviour are described in an unmanaged herd of Camargue horses. Male foals spent about 40% more time suckling than females during the first 8 weeks. Body weight did not differ between the sexes but time-budgets did: males grazed less and were more active. If pregnant, the typical multiparous mare nursed her foals for 35–40 weeks, males and females alike, and weaned them 15 weeks before the next foaling. Primiparae lactated longer and weaned closer to the next foaling by 5 weeks. The mares played an active role in regulating the time spent suckling in early, and particularly in late lactation. |
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from Prof. |
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1033 |
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Author |
Clark, T.B.; Peterson, B.V.; Whitcomb, R.F.; Henegar, R.B.; Hackett, K.J.; Tully, J.G. |
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Title |
Spiroplasmas in the Tabanidae |
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1984 |
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Israel Journal of Medical Sciences |
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Isr J Med Sci |
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20 |
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10 |
Pages |
1002-1005 |
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Animals; Diptera/*microbiology/ultrastructure; Ecology; Female; Hemolymph/microbiology; Male; Maryland; North Carolina; Plants/microbiology; Spiroplasma/classification/*isolation & purification/physiology |
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Spiroplasmas were observed in seven species of the family Tabanidae (horse flies and deer flies). This is the fifth family of the order Diptera now known to harbor spiroplasmas. Noncultivable spiroplasmas were seen in the hemolymph of three species of the genus Tabanus, and cultivable forms were isolated from the guts of six species in three genera. Isolates from T. calens and T. sulcifrons were serologically similar and closely related to a spiroplasma in the lampyrid beetle, Ellychnia corrusca. These three isolates represent a new serogroup. Isolates from Hybomitra lasiophthalma were related to Group IV strains, while those from T. nigrovittatus and Chrysops sp. both represented new serogroups. At least some tabanids probably acquire spiroplasmas from contaminated flower surfaces. The possibility of vertebrate reservoirs for some tabanid spiroplasmas remains an open question. |
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0021-2180 |
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PMID:6511308 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2687 |
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Author |
Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L. |
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Title |
The acoustic features of vervet monkey grunts |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1984 |
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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America |
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J Acoust Soc Am |
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Volume |
75 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1623-1628 |
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*Acoustics; Animals; Auditory Perception; Cercopithecus/*physiology; Cercopithecus aethiops/*physiology; Cues; Dominance-Subordination; Female; Male; Social Behavior; Sound Spectrography; *Vocalization, Animal |
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East African vervet monkeys give short (125 ms), harsh-sounding grunts to each other in a variety of social situations: when approaching a dominant or subordinate member of their group, when moving into a new area of their range, or upon seeing another group. Although all these vocalizations sound similar to humans, field playback experiments have shown that the monkeys distinguish at least four different calls. Acoustic analysis reveals that grunts have an aperiodic F0, at roughly 240 Hz. Most grunts exhibit a spectral peak close to this irregular F0. Grunts may also contain a second, rising or falling frequency peak, between 550 and 900 Hz. The location and changes in these two frequency peaks are the cues most likely to be used by vervets when distinguishing different grunt types. |
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0001-4966 |
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PMID:6736426 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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703 |
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Author |
Mccort Wd, |
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Title |
Behavior of feral horses and ponies |
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Journal Article |
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1984 |
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J Anim Sci |
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58 |
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493-499 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1376 |
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Author |
Dunbar, K.; MacLeod, C.M. |
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Title |
A horse race of a different color: Stroop interference patterns with transformed words |
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1984 |
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Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance |
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J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform |
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10 |
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5 |
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622-639 |
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*Attention; *Color Perception; Discrimination Learning; Humans; Orientation; Reaction Time; Reading; *Semantics |
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Four experiments investigated Stroop interference using geometrically transformed words. Over experiments, reading was made increasingly difficult by manipulating orientation uncertainty and the number of noncolor words. As a consequence, time to read color words aloud increased dramatically. Yet, even when reading a color word was considerably slower than naming the color of ink in which the word was printed, Stroop interference persisted virtually unaltered. This result is incompatible with the simple horse race model widely used to explain color-word interference. When reading became extremely slow, a reversed Stroop effect--interference in reading the word due to an incongruent ink color--appeared for one transformation together with the standard Stroop interference. Whether or not the concept of automaticity is invoked, relative speed of processing the word versus the color does not provide an adequate overall explanation of the Stroop phenomenon. |
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0096-1523 |
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PMID:6238123 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4065 |
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Author |
Penzhorn Bl, |
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Title |
Dental abnormalities in free – ranging Cape mountain zebras |
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1984 |
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J Wildl Dis |
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20 |
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161-166 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1456 |
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Author |
Ralston, S.L. |
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Title |
Controls of feeding in horses |
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1984 |
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Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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59 |
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5 |
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1354-1361 |
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Animal Feed; Animals; Digestive Physiology; Energy Metabolism; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Food Preferences; Horses/*physiology; Oropharynx/physiology; Satiation/physiology; Smell; Taste |
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Members of the genus Equus are large, nonruminant herbivores. These animals utilize the products of both enzymatic digestion in the small intestine and bacterial fermentation (volatile fatty acids) in the cecum and large colon as sources of metabolizable energy. Equine animals rely primarily upon oropharyngeal and external stimuli to control the size and duration of an isolated meal. Meal frequency, however, is regulated by stimuli generated by the presence and (or) absorption of nutrients (sugars, fatty acids, protein) in both the large and small intestine plus metabolic cues reflecting body energy stores. The control of feeding in this species reflects its evolutionary development in an environment which selected for consumption of small, frequent meals of a variety of forages. |
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0021-8812 |
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PMID:6392275 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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1954 |
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Author |
KASEDA Y et al, |
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Title |
Separation and independence of offsprings from the harem groups in Misaki horses |
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Year |
1984 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Jap J Zootechn Sci |
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55 |
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852-857 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1242 |
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