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Author |
Alexander, D.J. |
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Title |
Ecological aspects of influenza A viruses in animals and their relationship to human influenza: a review |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
J R Soc Med |
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Volume |
75 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
799-811 |
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Keywords  |
Animals; *Animals, Domestic; Bird Diseases/transmission; Birds; Disease Outbreaks; Ecology; Horse Diseases/transmission; Horses; Humans; Influenza A virus/genetics/isolation & purification; Influenza, Human/microbiology/*transmission/veterinary; Swine; Swine Diseases/transmission; Zoonoses/transmission |
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0141-0768 |
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PMID:6752410 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2689 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J.; Krebs, J.R. |
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Title |
How marsh tits find their hoards: the roles of site preference and spatial memory |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
354-375 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Birds; Cues; Discrimination Learning; *Memory; *Mental Recall; *Orientation; *Space Perception |
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Abstract |
Marsh tits (Parus palustris) store single food items in scattered locations and recover them hours or days later. Some properties of the spatial memory involved were analyzed in two laboratory experiments. In the first, marsh tits were offered 97 sites for storing 12 seeds. They recovered a median of 65% of them 2-3 hr later, making only two errors per seed while doing so. Over trials, they used some sites more often than others, but during recovery they were more likely to visit a site of any preference value if they had stored a seed there that day than if they had not. Recovery performance was much worse if the experimenters moved the seeds between storage and recovery. A fixed search strategy that had some of the same average properties as the tits' search behavior also did worse than the real birds. In Experiment 2, any tendency to visit the same sites on successive daily tests in the aviary was placed in opposition to memory for storage sites by allowing the tits to store more seeds 2 hr after storing a first batch. They tended to avoid individual storage sites holding seeds from the first batch. When the tits searched for all the seeds 2 hr later, they tended to recover more seeds from the second batch than from the first, i.e., there was a recency effect. |
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0097-7403 |
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PMID:7175447 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
385 |
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Author |
Dyson, H.J.; Beattie, J.K. |
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Title |
Spin state and unfolding equilibria of ferricytochrome c in acidic solutions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
The Journal of Biological Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Biol Chem |
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Volume |
257 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
2267-2273 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Cytochrome c Group; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Heme; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Ligands; Myocardium; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Spectrophotometry; Temperature |
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Abstract |
Equilibrium, stopped flow, and temperature-jump spectrophotometry have been used to identify processes in the unfolding of ferricytochrome c in acidic aqueous solutions. A relaxation occurring in approximately 100 microseconds involves perturbation of a spin-equilibrium between two folded conformers of the protein with methionine-80 coordinated or dissociated from the heme iron. The protein unfolds more slowly, in milliseconds, with dissociation and protonation of histidine-18. These two transitions appear cooperative in equilibrium measurements at low (0.01 M) ionic strength, but are separated at higher (0.10 M) ionic strength. They are resolved under both conditions in the dynamic measurements. The spin-equilibrium description permits a unified explanation of a number of properties of ferricytochrome c in acidic aqueous solutions. |
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0021-9258 |
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Notes |
PMID:6277891 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3807 |
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Author |
Turner, J.W.J.; Kirkpatrick, J.F. |
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Title |
Androgens, behaviour and fertility control in feral stallions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
79-87 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; Copulation/drug effects; Female; *Fertility/drug effects; Horses/*physiology; Male; Periodicity; Pregnancy; Seasons; *Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects; Sexual Maturation; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility/drug effects; Testosterone/*blood/pharmacology |
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Abstract |
This field study of feral stallions in Montana and Idaho examines and correlates the seasonal pattern of plasma androgens and specific sociosexual behaviour and reports the effect of a long-acting androgenic steroid on this behaviour and on fertility. Plasma testosterone was measured by competitive protein binding assay in samples obtained by jugular venepuncture from captured animals. In samples taken from 34 sexually mature stallions in 6 different months during the year, a definite seasonal pattern in testosterone was present, with a peak in May (3.04 +/- 0.63 ng/ml) and a nadir in December (1.55 +/- 0.34 ng/ml). Values were less than 2.0 ng/ml in non-breeding months and greater than 2.4 ng/ml in breeding months. Behavioural endpoints measured were (1) stallion scent marking in response to elimination by mares (elimination marking), (2) mounting and (3) copulation. The frequencies of each of these endpoints followed closely the seasonal pattern seen for plasma androgens. In the fertility study microcapsulated testosterone propionate (microTP) was administered i.m. to 10 harem stud stallions 3 months before the 1980 breeding season. In these stallions and in 10 control harem studs, the above behavioural endpoints were examined in the 1980 and 1981 breeding seasons, and foal counts were made in 1981. There were no direct inhibitory or stimulatory effects of microTP treatment on any of the behavioural endpoints in either year. In 1981 foals were produced in 87.5% of the control bands and 28.4% of the microTP-treated bands. These results indicate that microencapsulated testosterone propionate can provide effective fertility control in feral horses without causing significant alterations in sociosexual behaviour. |
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ISSN |
0449-3087 |
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Notes |
PMID:6962905 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
138 |
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Author |
Klingel, H. |
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Title |
Social organization of feral horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
89-95 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior; Territoriality |
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Abstract |
The basic social unit in feral horses is the family group consisting of one stallion, one to a few unrelated mares and their foals. Surplus stallions associate in bachelor groups. Stallions are instrumental in bringing mares together in a unit which then persists even without a stallion. The similarity of social organization in populations living in a variety of different habitats indicates that feral horses have reverted to the habits of their wild ancestors, and that domestication has had no influence on this basic behavioural feature. |
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0449-3087 |
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Notes |
PMID:6962906 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
1958 |
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Author |
Donnelly, J.; Phipps, L.P.; Watkins, K.L. |
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Title |
Evidence of maternal antibodies to Babesia equi and B caballi in foals of seropositive mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
126-128 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Antibodies/*analysis; Babesia/*immunology; Complement Fixation Tests; Female; Horses/*immunology; Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; Male; Time Factors |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:7084196 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2280 |
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Author |
Hinson, R.E. |
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Title |
Effects of UCS preexposure on excitatory and inhibitory rabbit eyelid conditioning: an associative effect of conditioned contextual stimuli |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
49-61 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Association Learning; Cognition; *Conditioning, Eyelid; *Inhibition (Psychology); Practice (Psychology); Rabbits; Reaction Time |
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Abstract |
Preconditioning experience with the unconditional stimulus (UCS) retards subsequent excitatory conditioning. Three experiments demonstrated that this UCS retardation effect is attenuated by associative manipulations of contextual stimuli of the UCS preexposure environment. The UCS retardation effect was reduced by (a) altering contextual stimuli between preexposure and conditioning (Experiment 1), (b) latently inhibiting contextual stimuli prior to UCS preexposure (Experiment 2), and (c) extinguishing contextual stimuli subsequent to UCS preexposure (Experiment 3). Although UCS preexposure retarded excitatory conditioning, the results of Experiment 4 demonstrated that UCS preexposure facilitated inhibitory conditioning. These results indicate that an association between contextual stimuli and the preexposed UCS contributes to the effects of preconditioning UCS experience on subsequent learning. |
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0097-7403 |
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Notes |
PMID:7057144 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2787 |
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Author |
Gonzalez-Fernandez, J.M.; Atta, S.E. |
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Title |
Facilitated transport of oxygen in the presence of membranes in the diffusion path |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Biophysical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biophys J |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
133-141 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Cell Membrane/*metabolism; Diffusion; Dogs; Horses; Humans; Kinetics; Mathematics; *Models, Biological; Muscles/*metabolism; Oxygen/*metabolism |
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Abstract |
Most of the experimental observations on facilitated transport have been done with millipore filters, and all the theoretical studies have assumed homogeneous spatial properties. In striated muscle there exist membranes that may impede the diffusion of the carrier myoglobin. In this paper a theoretical study is undertaken to analyze the transport in the presence of membranes in the diffusion path. For the numerical computations physiologically relevant values of the parameters were chosen. The numerical results indicate that the presence of membranes tends to decrease the facilitation. For the nonlinear chemical kinetics of the reaction of oxygen with the carrier, this decrement also depends on the location of the membranes. At the higher oxygen concentration side of each membrane the flow of combined oxygen is transferred to the flow of dissolved oxygen. The reverse process occurs at the lower concentration side. Jump discontinuities of the concentration of the oxygen-carrier compound at each membrane are associated with these transfers. The decrement of facilitation is due to the cumulative effect of these jump discontinuities. |
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ISSN |
0006-3495 |
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Notes |
PMID:7093418 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3806 |
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Author |
Strickman, D. |
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Title |
Notes on Tabanidae (Diptera) from Paraguay |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Med Entomol |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
399-402 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Cattle; Diptera/*growth & development; Dogs; Ecology; Female; Geography; Horses; Humans; Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology/veterinary; Male; Paraguay |
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0022-2585 |
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Notes |
PMID:7154018 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2690 |
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Author |
Alexander, F. |
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Title |
Effect of phenylbutazone on electrolyte metabolism in ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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Volume |
110 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
271-272 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Chlorides/metabolism; Electrolytes/*metabolism; Horses/*metabolism; Male; Phenylbutazone/*pharmacology; Sodium/metabolism |
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Abstract |
Phenylbutazone administered in therapeutic doses to ponies decreased urinary sodium and chloride excretion. The volume and osmolality of the urine was unaffected as was potassium excretion. Faecal excretion of chloride decreased and that of potassium increased, while faecal sodium excretion was unaffected. Plasma pH, bicarbonate and total carbon dioxide decreased after phenylbutazone administration. Packed cell volume, plasma sodium, potassium, carbon dioxide tension and chloride were unchanged. |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:7080416 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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109 |
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