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Author |
Andrew, R.J. |
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Title |
Changes in visual responsiveness following intercollicular lesions and their effects on avoidance and attack |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Brain, Behavior and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Brain Behav Evol |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
4-5 |
Pages |
400-424 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Chickens; Humans; Male; Mutism; Superior Colliculi/*physiology; Tectum Mesencephali; Testosterone; Visual Fields; Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
In the normal chick, conspicuous visual stimuli induce targetting and pecking together, with vocalization. All three are abolished by lesion of the intercollicular area (ICo) or of connections passing through its medial margin. After such lesions, chicks also cease to treat significant visual stimuli as if they were startling and exciting, and may delay response as a result. However, they are still able to recognise, orient accurately to, and respond appropriately to, a variety of complex visual stimuli (e.g. food grains, copulation object). In addition, they are little affected by strange surroundings. Lesion evidence suggests the mammalian subcollicular area to have similar functions to the ICo and to be homologous with it. A route (present in bird), which is well-known in mammals for its association with threat, defense and escape evoked by strange and frightening objects (amygdala-diencephalic periventricular system-central mesencephalic grey, A-DPS-CMG) is stimuli via the 2 ICo (subcollicular area). Two different mechanisms may be involved caudal to the ICo. One consists of tectal afferents which might modulate the evocation of targetting, pecking and other responses via the tectum. The other is the predorsal system of tectal efferents which may mediate such responses. Classical syndromes of tameness and unresponsiveness produced by various interruptions of the A-DPS-CMG route may depend on interruption of connections to these midbrain mechanisms. Attack is depressed by ICo lesions as one aspect of reduced responsiveness to conspicuous and startling visual stimuli. Avoidance, which is apparently mediated by a separate system, much as in Anura, is facilitated. |
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0006-8977 |
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PMID:1169102 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4626 |
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Author |
Arnold, K.; Zuberbuhler, K. |
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Title |
Language evolution: semantic combinations in primate calls |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
441 |
Issue |
7091 |
Pages |
303 |
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Keywords |
Animal Migration; Animals; Eagles/physiology; *Evolution; Female; Haplorhini/*physiology; Male; Predatory Behavior; *Semantics; *Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
Syntax sets human language apart from other natural communication systems, although its evolutionary origins are obscure. Here we show that free-ranging putty-nosed monkeys combine two vocalizations into different call sequences that are linked to specific external events, such as the presence of a predator and the imminent movement of the group. Our findings indicate that non-human primates can combine calls into higher-order sequences that have a particular meaning. |
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School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9JP, UK |
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1476-4687 |
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PMID:16710411 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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354 |
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Bergman, T.J.; Beehner, J.C.; Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. |
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Title |
Hierarchical classification by rank and kinship in baboons |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
302 |
Issue |
5648 |
Pages |
1234-1236 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; Botswana; *Cognition; Family; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Language; *Papio/psychology; Social Dominance; Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
Humans routinely classify others according to both their individual attributes, such as social status or wealth, and membership in higher order groups, such as families or castes. They also recognize that people's individual attributes may be influenced and regulated by their group affiliations. It is not known whether such rule-governed, hierarchical classifications are specific to humans or might also occur in nonlinguistic species. Here we show that baboons recognize that a dominance hierarchy can be subdivided into family groups. In playback experiments, baboons respond more strongly to call sequences mimicking dominance rank reversals between families than within families, indicating that they classify others simultaneously according to both individual rank and kinship. The selective pressures imposed by complex societies may therefore have favored cognitive skills that constitute an evolutionary precursor to some components of human cognition. |
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Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. thore@sas.upenn.edu |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:14615544 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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689 |
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Author |
Bergmann, H.H.; Klaus, S.; Muller, F.; Wiesner, J. |
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Title |
[Individuality and type specificity in the songs of a population of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae)] |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
94-114 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Birds; Female; *Individuality; Male; Time Factors; *Vocalization, Animal |
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German |
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Original Title |
Individualitat und Artspezifitat in den Gesangsstrophen einer Population des Haselhuhns (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae) |
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0005-7959 |
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PMID:1191217 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4152 |
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Author |
Brazas, M.L.; Shimizu, T. |
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Title |
Significance of visual cues in choice behavior in the female zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata castanotis) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
91-95 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Auditory Perception; Female; Male; *Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; *Songbirds; *Visual Perception; Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
Female zebra finches show a preference for male zebra finches over heterospecific males based solely on the auditory cues of males, such as songs. The present study was designed to investigate whether females show a similar preference for male zebra finches based solely on visual cues. Using a Y-maze apparatus, social preference of female zebra finches was studied between male zebra finches and male Bengalese finches in three experiments. In experiment 1, where female zebra finches could see and hear live male zebra finches and male Bengalese finches, the females preferred to associate with the male zebra finches. In experiment 2, using a sound-attenuated experimental apparatus, subjects could see, but not hear, male zebra finches and male Bengalese finches. The subjects did not show a significant preference for associating with zebra finches. In experiment 3, as in experiment 2, females could see live male zebra finches and male Bengalese finches in the sound-attenuated chambers. However, in experiment 3, the subjects also heard prerecorded auditory cues (i.e., songs and calls) of male zebra finches, which were presented simultaneously in both arms of the maze. Although the females could not use the auditory cues to identify the location of the male zebra finches, they preferred to associate with the male zebra finches rather than the male Bengalese finches. These results suggest that visual cues alone were effective in initiating choice behaviors by females and that auditory cues facilitate such visually based choice behaviors. |
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Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, PCD4118G, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA |
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1435-9448 |
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Notes |
PMID:12150041 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2603 |
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Author |
Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M.; Silk, J.B. |
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Title |
The responses of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) to anomalous social interactions: evidence for causal reasoning? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
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Volume |
109 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
134-141 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Attention; Auditory Perception; *Awareness; *Concept Formation; *Dominance-Subordination; Fear; Female; Hierarchy, Social; Papio/*psychology; *Social Behavior; Social Environment; Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
Baboons' (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) understanding of cause-effect relations in the context of social interactions was examined through use of a playback experiment. Under natural conditions, dominant female baboons often grunt to more subordinate mothers when interacting with their infants. Mothers occasionally respond to these grunts by uttering submissive fear barks. Subjects were played causally inconsistent call sequences in which a lower ranking female apparently grunted to a higher ranking female, and the higher ranking female apparently responded with fear barks. As a control, subjects heard a sequence made causally consistent by the inclusion of grunts from a 3rd female that was dominant to both of the others. Subjects responded significantly more strongly to the causally inconsistent sequences, suggesting that they recognized the factors that cause 1 individual to give submissive vocalizations to another. |
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Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA |
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English |
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0735-7036 |
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Notes |
PMID:7758289 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
348 |
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Author |
Connor, R.C.; Wells, R.S.; Mann, J.; Read,A.J. |
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Title |
The bottlenose dolphin: Social relationships in a fission-fusion society. |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Cetacean Societies: Field Studies of Dolphins and Whales. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
91-126 |
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Keywords |
cetacean social behavior, male alliance formation, most cetacean species, platanistid river dolphins, cetacean sociality, strategies and social bonds, female cetaceans, many cetologists, most mysticetes, sperm whale calves, passive fishing nets, variant whistles, historical whaling records, cetacean systematics, stable matrilineal groups, peak calving season, suction cup tags, mutualistic groups, cetacean vocalizations, focal animal studies, larger odontocetes, predictive signaling, individual cetaceans, sperm whale clicks, resident killer whales |
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Abstract |
Book Description
“Part review, part testament to extraordinary dedication, and part call to get involved, Cetacean Societies highlights the achievements of behavioral ecologists inspired by the challenges of cetaceans and committed to the exploration of a new world.”-from the preface by Richard Wrangham
Long-lived, slow to reproduce, and often hidden beneath the water's surface, whales and dolphins (cetaceans) have remained elusive subjects for scientific study even though they have fascinated humans for centuries. Until recently, much of what we knew about cetaceans came from commercial sources such as whalers and trainers for dolphin acts. Innovative research methods and persistent efforts, however, have begun to penetrate the depths to reveal tantalizing glimpses of the lives of these mammals in their natural habitats.
Cetacean Societies presents the first comprehensive synthesis and review of these new studies. Groups of chapters focus on the history of cetacean behavioral research and methodology; state-of-the-art reviews of information on four of the most-studied species: bottlenose dolphins, killer whales, sperm whales, and humpback whales; and summaries of major topics, including group living, male and female reproductive strategies, communication, and conservation drawn from comparative research on a wide range of species.
Written by some of the world's leading cetacean scientists, this landmark volume will benefit not just students of cetology but also researchers in other areas of behavioral and conservation ecology as well as anyone with a serious interest in the world of whales and dolphins.
Contributors are Robin Baird, Phillip Clapham, Jenny Christal, Richard Connor, Janet Mann, Andrew Read, Randall Reeves, Amy Samuels, Peter Tyack, Linda Weilgart, Hal Whitehead, Randall S. Wells, and Richard Wrangham. |
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University of Chicago Press |
Place of Publication |
Chicago |
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Mann, J.;Connor, R.C.; Tyack, P.L.;Whitehead, H. |
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978-0226503417 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4427 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B.; Johanowicz, D.L. |
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Title |
Modification of reconciliation behavior through social experience: an experiment with two macaque species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Child development |
Abbreviated Journal |
Child Dev |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
897-908 |
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Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Grooming; *Macaca; *Macaca mulatta; Male; Play and Playthings; *Socialization; Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
Reconciliation, defined as a friendly reunion between former opponents shortly after an aggressive encounter, is common in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides) but rare in the rhesus macaque (M. mulatta). Juveniles of the two species were cohoused for 5 months, after which they were observed with conspecifics only. Control rhesus monkeys, matched in age and sex to the experimental subjects, went through the same procedure without exposure to the other species. A threefold increase in the proportion of reconciled fights was measured in the rhesus subjects. The difference emerged gradually during cohousing with the tutor species and was sustained following removal of this species. Other behavior, such as grooming and aggression, decreased over time. It is suggested that the social attitude of the subjects was affected through contact with a species characterized by a more relaxed dominance style. |
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Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison |
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English |
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0009-3920 |
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PMID:8339702 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
209 |
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Author |
Dunbar, R. |
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Title |
Evolution of the social brain |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
302 |
Issue |
5648 |
Pages |
1160-1161 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; *Cognition; Endorphins/physiology; *Evolution; Female; Grooming; Hierarchy, Social; Language; Neocortex/anatomy & histology/physiology; Papio/physiology/*psychology; *Reproduction; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Social Support; Vocalization, Animal |
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School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK. rimd@liv.ac.uk |
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English |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:14615522 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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548 |
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Author |
Fichtel, C. |
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Title |
Reciprocal recognition of sifaka ( Propithecus verreauxi verreauxi) and redfronted lemur ( Eulemur fulvus rufus) alarm calls |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
45-52 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Arousal; *Escape Reaction; Female; Lemuridae/physiology/*psychology; Male; Papio; *Recognition (Psychology); Strepsirhini/physiology/*psychology; Tape Recording; *Vocalization, Animal |
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Abstract |
Redfronted lemurs ( Eulemur fulvus rufus) and Verreaux's sifakas ( Propithecus verreauxi verreauxi) occur sympatrically in western Madagascar. Both species exhibit a so-called mixed alarm call system with functionally referential alarm calls for raptors and general alarm calls for carnivores and raptors. General alarm calls also occur in other contexts associated with high arousal, such as inter-group encounters. Field playback experiments were conducted to investigate whether interspecific recognition of alarm calls occurs in both species, even though the two species rarely interact. In a crossed design, redfronted lemur and sifaka alarm calls were broadcast to individuals of both species, using the alarm call of chacma baboons ( Papio cynocephalus) as a control. Both species responded with appropriate escape strategies and alarm calls after playbacks of heterospecific aerial alarm calls. Similarly, they reacted appropriately to playbacks of heterospecific general alarm calls. Playbacks of baboon alarm calls elicited no specific responses in either lemur species, indicating that an understanding of interspecific alarm calls caused the responses and not alarm calls in general. Thus, the two lemur species have an understanding of each other's aerial as well as general alarm calls, suggesting that even in species that do not form mutualistic associations and rarely interact, common predator pressure has been sufficient for the development of heterospecific call recognition. |
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Abteilung Neurobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Gottingen, Germany. fichtel@eva.mpg.de |
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English |
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1435-9448 |
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Notes |
PMID:12827548 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2565 |
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