Records |
Author |
Yokoyama, S.; Radlwimmer, F.B. |
Title |
The molecular genetics of red and green color vision in mammals |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Genetics |
Volume |
153 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
919-932 |
Keywords |
Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; COS Cells; Cats; Color Perception/*genetics; DNA Primers; Deer; Dolphins; *Evolution, Molecular; Goats; Guinea Pigs; Horses; Humans; Mammals/*genetics/physiology; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Opsin/biosynthesis/chemistry/*genetics; *Phylogeny; Rabbits; Rats; Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sciuridae; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Transfection |
Abstract |
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of red-green color vision in mammals, we have cloned and sequenced the red and green opsin cDNAs of cat (Felis catus), horse (Equus caballus), gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). These opsins were expressed in COS1 cells and reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal. The purified visual pigments of the cat, horse, squirrel, deer, and guinea pig have lambdamax values at 553, 545, 532, 531, and 516 nm, respectively, which are precise to within +/-1 nm. We also regenerated the “true” red pigment of goldfish (Carassius auratus), which has a lambdamax value at 559 +/- 4 nm. Multiple linear regression analyses show that S180A, H197Y, Y277F, T285A, and A308S shift the lambdamax values of the red and green pigments in mammals toward blue by 7, 28, 7, 15, and 16 nm, respectively, and the reverse amino acid changes toward red by the same extents. The additive effects of these amino acid changes fully explain the red-green color vision in a wide range of mammalian species, goldfish, American chameleon (Anolis carolinensis), and pigeon (Columba livia). |
Address |
Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA. syokoyam@mailbox.syr.edu |
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ISSN |
0016-6731 |
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Notes |
PMID:10511567 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4063 |
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Author |
Tempelis, C.H.; Nelson, R.L. |
Title |
Blood-feeding patterns of midges of the Culicoides variipennis complex in Kern County, California |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Med Entomol |
Volume |
8 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
532-534 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Ceratopogonidae/*immunology; Chickens; Dogs; Ecology; Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses; Humans; Immune Sera; Mice; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Rats; Sciuridae; Sheep |
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English |
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ISSN |
0022-2585 |
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Notes |
PMID:5160258 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2723 |
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Author |
Rumiantsev, S.N. |
Title |
[Biological function of Clostridium tetani toxin (ecological and evolutionary aspects)] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Zhurnal Evoliutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
474-480 |
Keywords |
Animals; Cats; Chickens; Dogs; Ecology; Evolution; Goats; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; Horses; Insectivora; Mice; Perissodactyla; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; *Tetanus Toxin |
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Language |
Russian |
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Original Title |
K voprosu biologicheskoi funktsii toksina Clostridium tetani (ekologicheskie i evolutsionnye aspekty |
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ISSN |
0044-4529 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:4203684 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2713 |
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Author |
Jordan, J. |
Title |
[Modern views on the structure and function of the vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ in mammals] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Otolaryngologia Polska. The Polish Otolaryngology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Otolaryngol Pol |
Volume |
24 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
457-462 |
Keywords |
Animals; Cats; Dogs; Guinea Pigs; Horses; Humans; Mice; Nasal Septum/anatomy & histology/blood supply/cytology/innervation/physiology; Nose/*anatomy & histology/blood supply/innervation/*physiology; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; Smell |
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Polish |
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Original Title |
Obecne poglady na budowe i czynnosc narzadu lemieszowo-nosowego (Jacobsona) u ssakow |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0030-6657 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Notes |
PMID:4918960 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4315 |
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Author |
Washino, R.K.; Tempelis, C.H. |
Title |
Host-feeding patterns of Anopheles freeborni in the Sacramento Valley, California |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1967 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Med Entomol |
Volume |
4 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
311-314 |
Keywords |
Animals; Anopheles/*growth & development; California; Cats; Cattle; Dogs; Ecology; Horses; Humans; *Insect Vectors; Rabbits; Rodentia; Swine |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0022-2585 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Notes |
PMID:6052143 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2745 |
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Author |
Nowlan, S.S.; Deibel, R.H. |
Title |
Group Q streptococci. I. Ecology, serology, physiology, and relationship to established enterococci |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1967 |
Publication |
Journal of Bacteriology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Bacteriol |
Volume |
94 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
291-296 |
Keywords |
Animals; Antigens/analysis; Cattle; Dogs; Enterococcus faecalis/metabolism; Feces/microbiology; Horses; Humans; Poultry; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Sheep; *Streptococcus/immunology/isolation & purification/metabolism; Swine |
Abstract |
The group Q streptococci possess unique serological and physiological characteristics which differentiate them from established enterococci. The group Q antigen was not demonstrable in all strains; however, all possessed the group D antigen. All group Q strains were physiologically similar regardless of whether or not they possessed the group Q antigen. These strains differed from the established enterococcal species, as they neither hydrolyzed arginine nor initiated growth in 1.0% methylene blue-milk. They also differed radically in the fermentation of various carbohydrates, especially the polyhydric sugar alcohols. The results indicate that the group Q streptococci constitute a unique taxonomic entity; the species designation Streptococcus avium sp. n. is suggested, owing to their characteristic occurrence in chicken fecal specimens. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0021-9193 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:4962699 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2746 |
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Author |
Bazovska, S.; Awad-Masalmeh, M.; Kmety, E.; Spalekova, M. |
Title |
[Legionella antibodies in domestic animals] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Ceskoslovenska Epidemiologie, Mikrobiologie, Imunologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol |
Volume |
41 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
268-273 |
Keywords |
Agglutination Tests/veterinary; Animals; Animals, Domestic/*immunology/microbiology; Antibodies, Bacterial/*analysis; Cattle/immunology; Horses/immunology; Legionella/*immunology; Legionella pneumophila/immunology; Rabbits/immunology; Sheep/immunology; Swine/immunology |
Abstract |
Serological examination of 420 domestic animals for the presence of antilegionella antibodies indicates their high exposure to legionellae. On examination by the microagglutination reaction with a serum dilution of 1:64 or more the highest positive values were recorded in horses which reacted with antigens of L. pneumophila 1-14 in 36.2% and with antigens of another 19 types of legionellae in 47.8%. In pigs positive values recorded in 16.2% and in 21.1%; in cattle in 3.8% and 29.5%, in sheep in 7.5% and 11.3% and laboratory rabbits were quite negative. The importance of these findings with regard to the possible role of animals in the ecology of legionellae is obscure. |
Address |
Ustav epidemiologie Lekarskej fakulty UK v Bratislave |
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Slovak |
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Original Title |
Protilatky proti legionelam u domacich zvierat |
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ISSN |
0009-0522 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:1464079 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2669 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Passler, S.; Pfeffer, M. |
Title |
Detection of antibodies to alphaviruses and discrimination between antibodies to eastern and western equine encephalitis viruses in rabbit sera using a recombinant antigen and virus-specific monoclonal antibodies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Medicine. B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health |
Volume |
50 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
265-269 |
Keywords |
Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis/blood; DNA Primers; Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine/genetics/*immunology; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/genetics/*immunology; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/*diagnosis/*virology; Epitopes; Fluorescent Antibody Technique/*veterinary; Horses; Rabbits; Recombination, Genetic; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary |
Abstract |
Three arthropod-borne alphaviruses, western equine encephalitis viruses (WEEV), eastern equine encephalitis viruses (EEEV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses are the aetiological agents of a sometimes severe encephalomyelitis in equines and humans in the New World. With regard to the different ecology and epidemiology of these viruses, a method applied in serological screening should be able to distinguish between them as well as other related members of the genus Alphavirus in the American continent. However, this has been hampered in the past by (a) the close antigenic relationship between alphaviruses in traditional serological assays, especially in the routinely used haemagglutination-inhibition, and (b) the need of biosafety level 3 facilities to grow the viral antigens. An epitope blocking assay using an EEEV glycoprotein E1-expressing recombinant Sindbis virus and virus-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) binding to the E1 of EEEV (strain NJ/60) and the E1 of Sindbis virus was established using automated flow cytometry. The test was evaluated using sera of infected and vaccinated rabbits. A cut-off value of 30% inhibition for antigenic complex-specific seroconversion was found to be sufficient for the detection of the respective infection. By using three different mAbs in parallel, we were able to detect alphavirus genus-, EEEV- and WEEV-complex-specific serum antibodies. As this test is based on the inhibition of binding of virus-specific mAbs, sera of every origin other than mouse can be tested. Thus, this assay may prove useful in the serological screening of a variety of animal species during an outbreak investigation. |
Address |
Institute for Medical Microbiology, Infectious and Epidemic Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0931-1793 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:14628996 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2639 |
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Author |
Alexander, F.; Davies, M.E. |
Title |
Studies on vitamin B12 in the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1969 |
Publication |
The British veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Br. Vet. J. |
Volume |
125 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
169-176 |
Keywords |
Animals; Biological Assay; Cattle; Chickens; Feces/analysis; Horses/*metabolism; Humans; Lactobacillus/metabolism; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; Urine/analysis; Vitamin B 12/*analysis |
Abstract |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0007-1935 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:5814055 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
116 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
McHugh, C.P. |
Title |
Ecology of a semi-isolated population of adult Anopheles freeborni: abundance, trophic status, parity, survivorship, gonotrophic cycle length, and host selection |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
169-176 |
Keywords |
Aging/physiology; Animals; Anopheles/*physiology; Breeding; California; Cattle/parasitology; Dogs/parasitology; Ecology; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Female; Horses/parasitology; Host-Parasite Relations; Male; Parity; Population Density; Rabbits/parasitology |
Abstract |
A population of adult Anopheles freeborni near Sheridan, CA was sampled daily during 13 August-7 September 1984. Data on abundance, trophic status, and gonotrophic age were recorded. Abundance and gonotrophic age data were analyzed to estimate daily survivorship and gonotrophic cycle length. Daily survivorship for unfed mosquitoes was estimated to be 0.72 with a gonotrophic cycle of 6 days duration. Daily survivorship for bloodfed mosquitoes was estimated to be 0.74 with a gonotrophic cycle of 4 days. The 2 day difference in gonotrophic cycles between unfed and bloodfed mosquitoes was the result of the period required for maturation and mating of teneral females. In 1986, an incage release of field-collected females estimated survivorship at 0.75 per day. Precipitin tests of 1,338 blood-engorged mosquito abdomens indicated that bovids, horses, rabbits, and canids comprised 92% of bloodmeals; no bloodmeals of human origin were detected. |
Address |
Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0002-9637 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:2774063 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2673 |
Permanent link to this record |