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Author (up) Bergman, T.J.; Beehner, J.C.; Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. doi  openurl
  Title Hierarchical classification by rank and kinship in baboons Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 302 Issue 5648 Pages 1234-1236  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Wild; Botswana; *Cognition; Family; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Language; *Papio/psychology; Social Dominance; Vocalization, Animal  
  Abstract Humans routinely classify others according to both their individual attributes, such as social status or wealth, and membership in higher order groups, such as families or castes. They also recognize that people's individual attributes may be influenced and regulated by their group affiliations. It is not known whether such rule-governed, hierarchical classifications are specific to humans or might also occur in nonlinguistic species. Here we show that baboons recognize that a dominance hierarchy can be subdivided into family groups. In playback experiments, baboons respond more strongly to call sequences mimicking dominance rank reversals between families than within families, indicating that they classify others simultaneously according to both individual rank and kinship. The selective pressures imposed by complex societies may therefore have favored cognitive skills that constitute an evolutionary precursor to some components of human cognition.  
  Address Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. thore@sas.upenn.edu  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:14615544 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 689  
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Author (up) Cheney D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. openurl 
  Title How monkeys see the world: Inside the mind of another species Type Book Whole
  Year 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher University of Chicago Press Place of Publication Chicago Editor  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 706  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M isbn  openurl
  Title Social and non.social knowledge in vervet monkeys Type Book Chapter
  Year 1988 Publication Machiavellian Intelligence Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 255-270  
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  Publisher Oxford Univ Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor  
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  ISSN ISBN 0-19-852175-8 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Byrne+Whiten1988 Serial 4787  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. doi  openurl
  Title Recognition of other individuals' social relationships by female baboons Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages 67-75  
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  Abstract We describe a series of playback experiments designed to test whether free-ranging baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinus, recognize the calls of other group members and also associate signallers with their close genetic relatives. Pairs of unrelated females were played sequences of calls that mimicked a fight between their relatives. As controls, the same females heard sequences that involved either (1) only the more dominant female's relative or (2) neither of the females' relatives. When call sequences involved their relatives, subjects looked towards the speaker for a longer duration than when the sequences involved nonkin. When the sequences involved the other female's relative, they also looked towards that female. Subjects did not look towards one another when call sequences involved nonkin. Dominant subjects were more likely to supplant their subordinate partners following playbacks of sequences that mimicked a dispute between their relatives than following the two control trials. In contrast, both subjects were more likely to approach one another and to interact in a friendly manner following the two control trials than following the test trial. Results indicate that female baboons recognize the screams and threat grunts not only of their own close relatives but also of unrelated individuals. They also replicate previous studies in suggesting that female monkeys recognize the close associates of other individuals and adjust their interactions with others according to recent events involving individuals other than themselves. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.  
  Address Departments of Biology and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:10413542 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 346  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. doi  openurl
  Title Reconciliatory grunts by dominant female baboons influence victims' behaviour Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 409-418  
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  Abstract Following aggressive interactions, dominant female baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinusoccasionally grunt to their victims. To examine the effect of these apparently reconciliatory grunts on victims' subsequent behaviour, a series of playback experiments was designed to mimic reconciliation. Victims were played their opponents' grunts in the minutes immediately following a fight and then observed for half an hour. After hearing these grunts, victims approached their former opponents and also tolerated their opponents' approaches at significantly higher rates than they did under control conditions. They were also supplanted by their opponents at significantly lower rates. By contrast, playbacks of control females' grunts did not influence victims' behaviour. Playbacks of reconciliatory grunts did not increase the rate at which opponents approached or initiated friendly interactions with their former victims. Playbacks of reconciliatory grunts, therefore, appeared to influence victims', but not opponents', perception of recent events.  
  Address Departments of Biology and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:9268473 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 347  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. openurl 
  Title How Monkeys See the World Type Miscellaneous
  Year 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4866  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. openurl 
  Title The representation of social relations by monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication Cognition Abbreviated Journal Cognition  
  Volume 37 Issue 1-2 Pages 167-196  
  Keywords Animals; Cercopithecus aethiops/*psychology; Concept Formation; *Dominance-Subordination; Female; Macaca fascicularis/*psychology; Male; *Social Behavior; *Social Environment  
  Abstract Monkeys recognize the social relations that exist among others in their group. They know who associates with whom, for example, and other animals' relative dominance ranks. In addition, monkeys appear to compare types of social relations and make same/different judgments about them. In captivity, longtailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) trained to recognize the relation between one adult female and her offspring can identify the same relation among other mother-offspring pairs, and distinguish this relation from bonds between individuals who are related in a different way. In the wild, if a vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) has seen a fight between a member of its own family and a member of Family X, this increases the likelihood that it will act aggressively toward another member of Family X. Vervets act as if they recognize some similarity between their own close associates and the close associates of others. To make such comparisons the monkeys must have some way of representing the properties of social relationships. We discuss the adaptive value of such representations, the information they contain, their structure, and their limitations.  
  Address Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0010-0277 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:2269006 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 702  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. openurl 
  Title Reconciliation and redirected aggression in vervet monkeys, Behaviour Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Behaviour  
  Volume 110 Issue Pages 258-275  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4865  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. openurl 
  Title The recognition of social alliances among vervet monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year 1986 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 34 Issue Pages 1722-1731  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4864  
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Author (up) Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M.; Silk, J.B. openurl 
  Title The responses of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) to anomalous social interactions: evidence for causal reasoning? Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) Abbreviated Journal J Comp Psychol  
  Volume 109 Issue 2 Pages 134-141  
  Keywords Animals; Attention; Auditory Perception; *Awareness; *Concept Formation; *Dominance-Subordination; Fear; Female; Hierarchy, Social; Papio/*psychology; *Social Behavior; Social Environment; Vocalization, Animal  
  Abstract Baboons' (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) understanding of cause-effect relations in the context of social interactions was examined through use of a playback experiment. Under natural conditions, dominant female baboons often grunt to more subordinate mothers when interacting with their infants. Mothers occasionally respond to these grunts by uttering submissive fear barks. Subjects were played causally inconsistent call sequences in which a lower ranking female apparently grunted to a higher ranking female, and the higher ranking female apparently responded with fear barks. As a control, subjects heard a sequence made causally consistent by the inclusion of grunts from a 3rd female that was dominant to both of the others. Subjects responded significantly more strongly to the causally inconsistent sequences, suggesting that they recognized the factors that cause 1 individual to give submissive vocalizations to another.  
  Address Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0735-7036 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7758289 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 348  
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