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Author Harlow, H.F. url  openurl
  Title Learning and satiation of response in intrinsically motivated complex puzzle performance by monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1950 Publication Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology Abbreviated Journal J Comp Physiol Psychol  
  Volume 43 Issue 4 Pages 289-294  
  Keywords Animals; *Haplorhini; *Learning; *Motivation; *Psychology; *Satiation; *Learning; *Motivation; *Psychology  
  Abstract Two rhesus monkeys, given 60 two-hour sessions with a six-device mechanical puzzle showed clear evidence of learning, the curve showing ratio of incorrect to correct responses appearing quite comparable to similar curves obtained during externally rewarded situations. When, on the thirteenth day of tests, the subjects were presented with the puzzle 100 times at 6-minute intervals, the number of devices manipulated decreased regularly throughout the day, although there was no significant change in the number of times the problem assembly was attacked.  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-9940 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:15436888 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6550  
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Author Landau, H. doi  openurl
  Title On dominance relations and the structure of animal societies: I. Effect of inherent characteristics Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1951 Publication Bulletin of Mathematical Biology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 1-19  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Abstract Societies are considered in which a non-transitive dominance relation exists between every pair of members, such as the peck-right in a flock of hens. A one-dimensional measure of the structure of such a society,h, is defined, withh=0 for equality andh=1 for the hierarchy. It is assumed that each member of the society is characterized by an ability vector whose components depend on individual characteristics such as size, concentration of sex hormone, etc., but not on social factors such as social rank. The distribution of abilities among members of the society is assumed to be given by a distribution function which is the same for all members, and the probability that one member dominates another is given by a function of the ability vectors of the two. On these assumptions formulas for the expected (mean) value and variance ofh are determined in terms of the distribution and dominance probability functions. Some special cases are calculated, especially that for normany distributed abilities and dominance probability given by the normal probability integral. Several conclusions are derived. If all members are of equal ability, so that dominance probability is 1/2, then any sizable society is much more likely to be near the equality than the hierarchy; and, as the size of the society increases, the probability that it will be near the hierarchy becomes vanishingly small. If the dominance probability is a weighted sum of several independent components, which make up the ability vector, then the society is less likely to be close to the hierarchy as the number of these components increases. The hierarchy is the prevalent structure only if unreasonably small differences in ability are decisive for dominance. From this it appears that the social factors, or psychological factors such as the previous history of dominance, which are not included in the present treatment, may be of great importance in explaining the observed prevalence of structures very close to the hierarchy in flocks of domestic hens.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4287  
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Author Giebel, H.D. openurl 
  Title Visuelles lernvermögen bei Einhufern Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1958 Publication Horse Behavior, 1983 Abbreviated Journal Zool. Jahrb. 67  
  Volume Issue Pages 229-231  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 24 October 2008 Approved no  
  Call Number Admin @ knut @ Serial 4588  
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Author ANSELL, W. F. H. doi  openurl
  Title Further data on northern rhodesian ungulates Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1959 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal Mammalia  
  Volume 23 Issue Pages 332-349  
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  Notes from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 642  
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Author Pimlott, D.H. openurl 
  Title The use of tape-recorded wolf howls to locate timber wolves Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1960 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Twenty-second Midwest Wildlife Congress Place of Publication Toronto Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Pimlott1960 Serial 6454  
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Author Mason, W.A.; Hollis, J.H. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Communication between young rhesus monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1962 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 10 Issue 3-4 Pages 211-221  
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  Abstract 1. 1. The communication performance of 12 rhesus monkeys was investigated in a situation in which the rewards of both members of a pair of monkeys could not exceed chance levels unless the operator monkey responded to cues provided by the informant monkey which indicated the location of food. Each member of the pair was trained in both operator and informant roles in different phases of the experiment. Communication performance improved progressively to levels consistently above chance. However, communication learning appeared to be specific to the role in which the individual was trained, and when roles were reversed no evidence of transfer was obtained. Tests of foodsharing behaviour showed a substantial increase in the tendency to share food with the partner following communication training. This occurred however, only when the partner was the only social stimulus present; if another monkey was also present there was no evidence of preferential responses to the partner. In all phases of communication training, monkeys which were housed together performed more efficiently than did monkeys housed individually.2. 2. The acquisition of stimulus-producing responses was investigated by causing an opaque screen to remain in front of the informant unless the operator monkey pulled a vertical lever at the front of its restraining cage. Initially, operators responded immediately to the foodcarts, but with further testing there was a steady increase in the tendency to defer the response to the food-carts until the lever had been pulled, revealing the informant monkey.3. 3. Transfer of communication training was tested with new monkey informants, and with two inanimate stimuli, a mechanical puppet, and a stationary plaque. The latter two objects were placed behind the rewarded food-carts before each trial. There was clear evidence of positive transfer to each of these conditions, but marked differences among conditions were obtained. Performance with the monkeys averaged 76 per cent. correct, as compared with 62 and 40 per cent., with the puppet and the plaque, respectively.4. 4. To test the ability of trained operator monkeys to select the appropriate informant on the basis of behavioural cues, the communication situation was arranged so that two informant monkeys were present on all trials. However, on any trial only one of these informants could be rewarded, and the operator's rewards were contingent upon delivering food to this informant. Efficiency of discrimination began at approximately 45 per cent, (chance = 25 per cent. and improved progressively to levels above 75 per cent.  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3017  
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Author Talbot, L.M.; Talbot, M.H. openurl 
  Title The Wildebeest in Western Masailand Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1963 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2347  
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Author Thorpe, W. H. openurl 
  Title Learning and Instinct in Animals. Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1963 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Methuen Place of Publication London Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6527  
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Author Klingel, H. doi  openurl
  Title Zur Sozialstruktur des Steppenzebras, Equus quagga boehmi Matschie. Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1964 Publication Die Naturwissenschaften Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 51 Issue 14 Pages 347  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2161  
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Author King Jm, K.H. openurl 
  Title The use of the oripavine derivative M.99 for the restraint of equine animals and its antgonism with the related compund M Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1965 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 285  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1265  
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