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Author |
Clark, G.G.; Hibler, C.P. |
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Title |
Horse flies and Elaeophora schneideri in the Gila National Forest, New Mexico |
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Journal Article |
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Year  |
1973 |
Publication |
Journal of Wildlife Diseases |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Wildl Dis |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
21-25 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Diptera; Ecology; *Filarioidea; Geography; Insect Vectors; Larva; New Mexico; Seasons |
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0090-3558 |
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Notes |
PMID:4694585 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2714 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, G.D.C. |
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Title |
Caractères distinctifs des premières phalanges antérieures et postérieures chez certains équidés actuels et fossiles |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Bull Soc g?ol France |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
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Pages |
352-361 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1059 |
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Author |
Eisenmann V, G.D.C. |
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Title |
Caractères distinctifs entre vrais zèbres et zèbres de Chapman d`après l`étude de 60 têtes osseuses. |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Mammalia |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
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Pages |
509-543 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1060 |
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Author |
Hillidge, C.J.; Lees, P. |
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Title |
Cardiac output in the conscious and anaesthetised horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
16-21 |
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Keywords |
Anesthesia, Inhalation/*veterinary; Animals; Carbon Dioxide/blood; *Cardiac Output/veterinary; *Consciousness; Electrocardiography/veterinary; Ether, Ethyl; Female; Halothane; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Oxygen/blood; Posture |
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Abstract |
Cardiac output in the horse was measured before and at predetermined times during 2-hour periods of thiopentone-halothane and thiopentone-diethyl ether anaesthesia. Left ventricular stroke volume was decreased to a similar extent during anaesthesia with each volatile agent, but a greater reduction in cardiac output occurred during halothane anaesthesia. This finding reflected the differing effects of halothane and ether on heart rate, a slight bradycardia occurring with the former agent while ether produced a small degree of tachycardia. The latter effect was attributed to enhanced sympathoadrenal activity. Changes in cardiac output and stroke volume were considered in relation to other factors, including arterial blood pH and tensions of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Positive correlations between some of these variables and cardiac function were established. With both volatile agents the reductions in stroke volume and cardiac output were related to the duration of anaesthesia, being greatest during the early stages. Possible reasons for the tendency of stroke volume and cardiac output to return towards control levels are discussed. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0425-1644 |
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Notes |
PMID:234842 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
102 |
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Author |
Belonje, P.C.; van Niekerk, C.H. |
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Title |
A review of the influence of nutrition upon the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the mare |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
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Volume |
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Issue |
23 |
Pages |
167-169 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Body Weight; *Diet; *Estrus; Female; Fertility; Fetal Resorption/prevention & control; Horses/*physiology; Pregnancy |
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Abstract |
Attention is drawn to the beneficial effect of improved nutrition during winter and early spring on the ovarian activity of mares. Furthermore, the necessity of an adequate plane of nutrition during early pregnancy to prevent embryonic resorption is stressed. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0449-3087 |
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Notes |
PMID:1060772 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2225 |
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Author |
Nelson, W.A.; Keirans, J.E.; Bell, J.F.; Clifford, C.M. |
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Title |
Host-ectoparasite relationships |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Med Entomol |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
143-166 |
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Keywords |
Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Anoplura/physiology; *Arthropods; Birds/parasitology; Chickens/parasitology; Dermacentor/parasitology; Diptera; Ecology; Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/parasitology; Humans; Male; Mallophaga/physiology; Mice/parasitology; Mites/physiology; Reproduction; Sarcoptes scabiei/physiology; Sheep/parasitology; Skin/parasitology; Ticks/physiology; Toxins, Biological/toxicity; Trombiculidae/physiology |
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English |
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ISSN |
0022-2585 |
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Notes |
PMID:808617 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2704 |
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Author |
Sudia, W.D.; Fernandez, L.; Newhouse, V.F.; Sanz, R.; Calisher, C.H. |
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Title |
Arbovirus vector ecology studies in Mexico during the 1972 Venezuelan equine encephalitis outbreak |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Epidemiol |
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Volume |
101 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
51-58 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Arboviruses/isolation & purification; Culicidae/microbiology; Disease Vectors/*microbiology; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/isolation & purification; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/*isolation & purification; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology/*transmission/veterinary; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/*transmission; Horses; Insect Vectors/microbiology; Mexico |
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Abstract |
Virus vector studies were conducted in the States of Durango, Chihuahua, and Tamaulipas, Mexico, in June and July 1972. Apparently only a low level of Venzuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus transmission to equines occured at the time of the study, and the infection was restricted to areas which had not experienced overt activity during the preceding year. The low level of infection was associated with a scarcity of mosquitoes. The IB (epidemic) strain of VEE virus was isolated from two pools of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis (Theo.) and the blood of one symptomatic equine. The low mosquito population, the relatively few equine cases observed, and the absence of reports of VEE human disease from the outbreak area suggested VEE virus persistence through a low-level mosquito-equine transmission cycle. Other studies have already indicated that wild vertebrates play no more than a minor role in outbreaks of epidemic VEE. Mosquito collections made in areas of the states of Durango, Chihuahua, and Tamaulipas, where considerable epidemic activity of VEE had occurred in 1971, failed to reveal evidence of VEE virus persistence. Twenty-nine ioslations of other arboviruses were also made in these studies: including 22 of St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE), 2 of Flanders virus, 1 of Turlock virus, 1 of Trivittatus virus of the California Group, 1 of western equine encephalitis virus (VEE), and 2 (from Santa Rose) which possibly represent a hitherto unknown virus in the Bunyamwera Group. These are the first reports of SLE virus isolations from mosquitoes in Mexico, and the first demonstration of Trivittatus, VEE Turlock and Flanders viruses in Mexico from any source. |
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ISSN |
0002-9262 |
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Notes |
PMID:235213 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2706 |
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Author |
Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Vail, R.; Devous, S.; Schwend, S.; Baker, C.B.; Wiesner, L. |
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Title |
Diurnal variation of plasma testosterone in wild stallions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Biology of reproduction |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biol Reprod |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
98-101 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Circadian Rhythm; Horses/*blood; Male; Montana; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Species Specificity; Testosterone/*blood |
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English |
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ISSN |
0006-3363 |
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Notes |
PMID:986195 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
149 |
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Author |
Dowdle, W.R.; Schild, G.C. |
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Title |
Influenza: its antigenic variation and ecology |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull Pan Am Health Organ |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
193-195 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Antigens, Viral; Bird Diseases/microbiology; Birds; Hemagglutinins, Viral; Horse Diseases/microbiology; Horses; Humans; Influenza A virus/immunology/isolation & purification; Influenza, Human/epidemiology; Mutation; Neuraminidase/immunology; Orthomyxoviridae/enzymology/*immunology; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/microbiology/veterinary; Recombination, Genetic; Swine; Swine Diseases/microbiology |
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Abstract |
Influenza viruses have two surface antigens, the glycoprotein structures hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Antibodies to each of these are associated with immunity, but the structures themselves are antigenically variable. When an antigenic change is gradual over time it is referred to as a drift, while a sudden complete or major change in either or both antigens is termed a shift. The mechanism of antigenic drift is usually attributed to selection of preexisting mutants by pressure from increasing immunity in the human population. The mechanism of antigenic shift is less clear, but one tentative hypothesis is that shifts arise from mammalian or avian reservoirs, or through genetic recombination of human and animal influenza strains. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0085-4638 |
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Notes |
PMID:187273 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2700 |
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Author |
Anderson , M.C.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Behavioral adaptation to fixed-interval and fixed-time food delivery in golden hamsters |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
33-49 |
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Abstract |
Food-deprived golden hamsters in a large enclosure received food every 30 sec contingent on lever pressing, or free while their behavior was continuously recorded in terms of an exhaustive classification of motor patterns. As with other species in other situations, behavior became organized into two main classes. One (terminal behaviors) increased in probability throughout interfood intervals; the other (interim behaviors) peaked earlier in interfood intervals. Which class an activity belonged to was independent of whether food was contingent on lever pressing. When food was omitted on some of the intervals (thwarting), the terminal activities began sooner in the next interval, and different interim activities changed in different ways. The interim activities did not appear to be schedule-induced in the usual sense. Rather, the hamsters left the area of the feeder when food was not due and engaged in activities they would normally perform in the experimental environment. |
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ISSN |
0022-5002 |
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Notes |
PMID:16811980 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
388 |
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