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Author (up) Clayton, N.S.; Dickinson, A. doi  openurl
  Title Episodic-like memory during cache recovery by scrub jays Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 395 Issue 6699 Pages 272-274  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The recollection of past experiences allows us to recall what a particular event was, and where and when it occurred1,2, a form of memory that is thought to be unique to humans3. It is known, however, that food-storing birds remember the spatial location4, 5, 6 and contents6, 7, 8, 9 of their caches. Furthermore, food-storing animals adapt their caching and recovery strategies to the perishability of food stores10, 11, 12, 13, which suggests that they are sensitive to temporal factors. Here we show that scrub jays (Aphelocoma coerulescens) remember 'when' food items are stored by allowing them to recover perishable 'wax worms' (wax-moth larvae) and non-perishable peanuts which they had previously cached in visuospatially distinct sites. Jays searched preferentially for fresh wax worms, their favoured food, when allowed to recover them shortly after caching. However, they rapidly learned to avoid searching for worms after a longer interval during which the worms had decayed. The recovery preference of jays demonstrates memory of where and when particular food items were cached, thereby fulfilling the behavioural criteria for episodic-like memory in non-human animals.  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 10.1038/26216 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4788  
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Author (up) Clutton-Brock, T. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Cooperation between non-kin in animal societies Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 462 Issue 7269 Pages 51-57  
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  Abstract Explanations of cooperation between non-kin in animal societies often suggest that individuals exchange resources or services and that cooperation is maintained by reciprocity. But do cooperative interactions between unrelated individuals in non-human animals really resemble exchanges or are they a consequence of simpler mechanisms? Firm evidence of reciprocity in animal societies is rare and many examples of cooperation between non-kin probably represent cases of intra-specific mutualism or manipulation.  
  Address  
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  Publisher Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 10.1038/nature08366 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5270  
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Author (up) Clutton-Brock, T.H. doi  openurl
  Title Primate social organisation and ecology Type Journal Article
  Year 1974 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 250 Issue 5467 Pages 539-542  
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  Abstract Attempts to relate interspecific differences in social organisation among primates to gross differences in habitat or diet type have been largely unsuccessful. This is probably partly because distantly related species have adapted to similar ecological situations in different ways and partly because much finer ecological differences are important.  
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  Notes 10.1038/250539a0 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4730  
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Author (up) Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Parker, G.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Punishment in animal societies Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 373 Issue 6511 Pages 209-216  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Although positive reciprocity (reciprocal altruism) has been a focus of interest in evolutionary biology, negative reciprocity (retaliatory infliction of fitness reduction) has been largely ignored. In social animals, retaliatory aggression is common, individuals often punish other group members that infringe their interests, and punishment can cause subordinates to desist from behaviour likely to reduce the fitness of dominant animals. Punishing strategies are used to establish and maintain dominance relationships, to discourage parasites and cheats, to discipline offspring or prospective sexual partners and to maintain cooperative behaviour.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 10.1038/373209a0 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4838  
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Author (up) Conradt, L.; Roper, T.J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Group decision-making in animals Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 421 Issue 6919 Pages 155-158  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; *Decision Making; Democracy; Group Processes; *Models, Biological; Population Density; Social Behavior  
  Abstract Groups of animals often need to make communal decisions, for example about which activities to perform, when to perform them and which direction to travel in; however, little is known about how they do so. Here, we model the fitness consequences of two possible decision-making mechanisms: 'despotism' and 'democracy'. We show that under most conditions, the costs to subordinate group members, and to the group as a whole, are considerably higher for despotic than for democratic decisions. Even when the despot is the most experienced group member, it only pays other members to accept its decision when group size is small and the difference in information is large. Democratic decisions are more beneficial primarily because they tend to produce less extreme decisions, rather than because each individual has an influence on the decision per se. Our model suggests that democracy should be widespread and makes quantitative, testable predictions about group decision-making in non-humans.  
  Address School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. l.conradt@sussex.ac.uk  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:12520299 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5136  
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Author (up) Couzin, I.D.; Krause, J.; Franks, N.R.; Levin, S.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Effective leadership and decision-making in animal groups on the move Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 433 Issue 7025 Pages 513-516  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes 10.1038/nature03236 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4827  
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Author (up) Crook, J.H. openurl 
  Title On attributing consciousness to animals Type Journal Article
  Year 1983 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 303 Issue 5912 Pages 11-14  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Consciousness; Evolution; Learning  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0028-0836 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:6843653 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2795  
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Author (up) de Waal, F.B. doi  openurl
  Title Cultural primatology comes of age Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 399 Issue 6737 Pages 635-636  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Culture; Humans; Pan troglodytes/*physiology  
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  Notes PMID:10385107 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 196  
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Author (up) de Waal, F.B.; Berger, M.L. doi  openurl
  Title Payment for labour in monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 404 Issue 6778 Pages 563  
  Keywords Animals; Cebus/*physiology; *Cooperative Behavior; Evolution; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Reward  
  Abstract  
  Address Living Links, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, and Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu  
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  Notes PMID:10766228 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 190  
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Author (up) de Waal, F.B.M. doi  openurl
  Title A century of getting to know the chimpanzee Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 437 Issue 7055 Pages 56-59  
  Keywords Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Competitive Behavior; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Humans; Male; Pan troglodytes/genetics/*physiology/psychology; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior  
  Abstract A century of research on chimpanzees, both in their natural habitat and in captivity, has brought these apes socially, emotionally and mentally much closer to us. Parallels and homologues between chimpanzee and human behaviour range from tool-technology and cultural learning to power politics and intercommunity warfare. Few behavioural domains have remained untouched by this increased knowledge, which has dramatically challenged the way we view ourselves. The sequencing of the chimpanzee genome will no doubt bring more surprises and insights. Humans do occupy a special place among the primates, but this place increasingly has to be defined against a backdrop of substantial similarity.  
  Address Living Links, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 North Gatewood Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. dewaal@emory.edu  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1476-4687 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:16136128 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 162  
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