| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Goncalves, T.C.; Rocha, D.S.; Cunha, R.A. |
|
| |
Title |
Feeding patterns of Triatoma vitticeps in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Revista de Saude Publica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rev Saude Publica |
|
| |
Volume  |
34 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
348-352 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Brazil; Cattle; Chagas Disease/transmission; Dogs; Ecology; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Female; Food Habits/physiology; Humans; Insect Vectors/*physiology; Male; Triatoma/*physiology; *Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification |
|
| |
Abstract |
OBJECTIVE: Feeding patterns of triatomines have contributed to elucidate its biology. Triatoma vitticeps, naturally infected with T. cruzi, has been found in domiciles. Its behavior and epidemiological patterns were investigated. METHODS: One-hundred and twenty two specimens of T. vitticeps were captured from February 1989 to April 1993 in two areas of Triunfo municipality, a subdistrict of Santa Maria Madalena municipal district, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The insects were dissected and their intestinal contents were removed and tested. It was used antisera from: man, cow, horse, dog, pig, armadillo, opossum, rodent, and bird. RESULTS: From the total analyzed, 79 were positive and 43 were negative to the nine antisera tested: armadillo (30.3%) > human and pig (13.1%) > bird and dog (11.5%) > horse (5.7%) > opossum (4.9%) > rodent (4. 1%) > cow (3.3%). Blood meals ranged from 0 to 4 and 6 in the following distribution: 0 = 25.41%; 1 = 45.08%; 2 = 10.66%; 3 = 6. 56%; 4 = 1.64%, and 6 = 0.82%. Nine of the 122 insects captured were not examined, 74 (65.54%) were positive for T. cruzi infection and 39 (34.51%) were negative. CONCLUSIONS: These results identified the T. vitticeps as being a sylvatic species and trypanosomiasis as being an enzootic disease. Epidemiological vigilance will be important to provide more information regarding the behavior of the species |
|
| |
Address |
Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto swaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. tcmonte@gene.dbbm.fiocruz.br |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0034-8910 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10973153 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2650 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Vlamings, P.H.J.M.; Uher, J.; Call, J. |
|
| |
Title |
How the great apes (Pan troglodytes, Pongo pygmaeus, Pan paniscus, and Gorilla gorilla) perform on the reversed contingency task: the effects of food quantity and food visibility |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
|
| |
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
60-70 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Cognition; Conditioning (Psychology); Female; *Food; Gorilla gorilla/*psychology; *Learning; Male; Pan paniscus/*psychology; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Pongo pygmaeus/*psychology; *Visual Perception |
|
| |
Abstract |
S. T. Boysen and G. G. Berntson (1995) found that chimpanzees performed poorly on a reversed contingency task in which they had to point to the smaller of 2 food quantities to acquire the larger quantity. The authors compared the performance of 4 great ape species (Pan troglodytes, Pongo pygmaeus, Pan paniscus, and Gorilla gorilla) on the reversed contingency task while manipulating food quantity (0-4 or 1-4) and food visibility (visible pairs or covered pairs). Results showed no systematic species differences but large individual differences. Some individuals of each species were able to solve the reversed contingency task. Both quantity and visibility of the food items had a significant effect on performance. Subjects performed better when the disparity between quantities was smaller and the quantities were not directly visible. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. p.vlamings@psychology.unimaas.nl |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0097-7403 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:16435965 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2765 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Beran, M.J.; Beran, M.M.; Harris, E.H.; Washburn, D.A. |
|
| |
Title |
Ordinal judgments and summation of nonvisible sets of food items by two chimpanzees and a rhesus macaque |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
|
| |
Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
351-362 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chi-Square Distribution; Cognition; Color Perception/physiology; Female; *Food; Judgment/*physiology; Macaca mulatta; Male; Pan troglodytes; Serial Learning/*physiology; Size Perception |
|
| |
Abstract |
Two chimpanzees and a rhesus macaque rapidly learned the ordinal relations between 5 colors of containers (plastic eggs) when all containers of a given color contained a specific number of identical food items. All 3 animals also performed at high levels when comparing sets of containers with sets of visible food items. This indicates that the animals learned the approximate quantity of food items in containers of a given color. However, all animals failed in a summation task, in which a single container was compared with a set of 2 containers of a lesser individual quantity but a greater combined quantity. This difficulty was not overcome by sequential presentation of containers into opaque receptacles, but performance improved if the quantitative difference between sizes was very large. |
|
| |
Address |
Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Decatur, 30034, USA. mjberan@yahoo.com |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0097-7403 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:16045389 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2766 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Beran, M.J.; Pate, J.L.; Washburn, D.A.; Rumbaugh, D.M. |
|
| |
Title |
Sequential responding and planning in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
|
| |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
203-212 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Cognition; Female; Goals; Learning; Macaca mulatta/*psychology; Male; *Mathematics; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Task Performance and Analysis |
|
| |
Abstract |
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) selected either Arabic numerals or colored squares on a computer monitor in a learned sequence. On shift trials, the locations of 2 stimuli were interchanged at some point. More errors were made when this interchange occurred for the next 2 stimuli to be selected than when the interchange was for stimuli later in the sequence. On mask trials, all remaining stimuli were occluded after the 1st selection. Performance exceeded chance levels for only 1 selection after these masks were applied. There was no difference in performance for either stimulus type (numerals or colors). The data indicated that the animals planned only the next selection during these computerized tasks as opposed to planning the entire response sequence. |
|
| |
Address |
Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA. mjberan@yahoo.com |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0097-7403 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:15279511 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2767 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Weiss, A.; King, J.E.; Figueredo, A.J. |
|
| |
Title |
The heritability of personality factors in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
|
| |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
213-221 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Models, Genetic; Pan troglodytes/*genetics; Personality/*genetics; Social Environment |
|
| |
Abstract |
Human personality and behavior genetic studies have resulted in a growing consensus that five heritable factors account for most variance in human personality. Prior research showed that chimpanzee personality is composed of a dominance-related factor and five human-like factors--Surgency, Dependability, Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, and Openness. Genetic, shared zoo, and nonshared environmental variance components of the six factors were estimated by regressing squared phenotypic differences of all possible pairs of chimpanzees onto 1 – Rij, where Rij equals the degree of relationship and a variable indicating whether the pair was housed in the same zoo. Dominance showed significant narrow-sense heritability. Shared zoo effects accounted for only a negligible proportion of the variance for all factors. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. aweiss@u.arizona.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-8244 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11105395 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4143 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Chalmeau, R.; Gallo, A. |
|
| |
Title |
Social constraints determine what is learned in the chimpanzee |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
|
| |
Volume |
28 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
173-179 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Operant conditioning; Social influence; Individual strategy; Chimpanzee |
|
| |
Abstract |
A group of six chimpanzees was placed in a social learning situation, without training. The learning task was an operant conditioning situation; that is, a subject had to pull two handles simultaneously to cause a piece of fruit to fall into the cage. Only three individuals acquired the operant behaviour. For the operant individuals, social influences on the expression of the learning task were then examined; the dominant chimpanzee during feeding had an inhibiting effect when close to the operant subjects. Depending on the subject, social factors may influence not only the specific expression of what is learnt, but also the nature of what is learnt. Chimpanzees appear to experience situations differently: they develop an individual problem-solving strategy according to their social relationships even if the experimental procedure is the same for all. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
569 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Christensen, H.A.; Herrer, A. |
|
| |
Title |
Attractiveness of sentinel animals to vectors of leishmaniasis in Panama |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1973 |
Publication |
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
|
| |
Volume |
22 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
578-584 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Cricetinae; Dogs; Ecology; Horses; *Insect Vectors; Leishmania/isolation & purification; Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/*etiology; Male; Panama; *Phlebotomus; Rats |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0002-9637 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:4729738 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2712 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Boysen, S.T.; Bernston, G.G.; Hannan, M.B.; Cacioppo, J.T. |
|
| |
Title |
Quantity-based interference and symbolic representations in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
|
| |
Volume |
22 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
76-86 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Discrimination Learning; Female; Male; *Pan troglodytes; *Reinforcement (Psychology); Task Performance and Analysis |
|
| |
Abstract |
Five chimpanzees with training in counting and numerical skills selected between 2 arrays of different amounts of candy or 2 Arabic numerals. A reversed reinforcement contingency was in effect, in which the selected array was removed and the subject received the nonselected candies (or the number of candies represented by the nonselected Arabic numeral). Animals were unable to maximize reward by selecting the smaller array when candies were used as array elements. When Arabic numerals were substituted for the candy arrays, all animals showed an immediate shift to a more optimal response strategy of selecting the smaller numeral, thereby receiving the larger reward. Results suggest that a response disposition to the high-incentive candy stimuli introduced a powerful interference effect on performance, which was effectively overridden by the use of symbolic representations. |
|
| |
Address |
Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1222, USA |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0097-7403 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:8568498 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2781 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Boysen, S.T.; Berntson, G.G. |
|
| |
Title |
Responses to quantity: perceptual versus cognitive mechanisms in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
|
| |
Volume |
21 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
82-86 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; Choice Behavior; Cognition/*physiology; Female; *Pan troglodytes; Perception/*physiology; Reinforcement (Psychology); Task Performance and Analysis |
|
| |
Abstract |
Two chimpanzees were trained to select among 2 different amounts of candy (1-6 items). The task was designed so that selection of either array by the active (selector) chimpanzee resulted in that array being given to the passive (observer) animal, with the remaining (nonselected) array going to the selector. Neither animal was able to select consistently the smaller array, which would reap the larger reward. Rather, both animals preferentially selected the larger array, thereby receiving the smaller number of reinforcers. When Arabic numerals were substituted for the food arrays, however, the selector animal evidenced more optimal performance, immediately selecting the smaller numeral and thus receiving the larger reward. These findings suggest that a basic predisposition to respond to the perceptual-motivational features of incentive stimuli can interfere with task performance and that this interference can be overridden when abstract symbols serve as choice stimuli. |
|
| |
Address |
Comparative Cognition Project, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1222 |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0097-7403 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:7844508 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2783 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Rumbaugh, D.M.; Riesen, A.H.; Wright, S.C. |
|
| |
Title |
Creative responsiveness to objects: a report of a pilot study with young apes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
|
| |
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
397-403 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Creativeness; *Hominidae; Pan troglodytes; Play and Playthings; *Problem Solving |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0015-5713 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:5082622 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4183 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
