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Author Barros, A.T. openurl 
  Title Seasonality and relative abundance of Tabanidae (Diptera) captured on horses in the Pantanal, Brazil Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Abbreviated Journal Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz  
  Volume (down) 96 Issue 7 Pages 917-923  
  Keywords Animals; Brazil; Climate; Diptera/classification/*physiology; Ecology; Horses/*parasitology; Population Dynamics; Seasons; Species Specificity  
  Abstract Once a month, from June 1992 to May 1993, collections of tabanids on horse were conducted in the Nhecolandia, Pantanal State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Tabanid catches using hand nets were conducted from sunrise to sunset at grassland and cerradao (dense savanna) habitats. A total of 3,442 tabanids from 21 species,12 genera, and 3 subfamilies were collected. Although species abundance varied seasonally depending on habitat, no habitat specificity was observed for the most abundant species. In the grassland, 1,625 (47.2%) tabanids belonging to 19 species were collected, while 1,817 (52.8%) tabanids from 17 species were caught in the cerradao. The number of tabanid species varied from 7 during winter (July/August) to 15 in the spring (October). Tabanus importunus (56%) was the most abundant species, followed by T. occidentalis (8.2%), and T. claripennis (8.1%). The tabanid peak, in October, coincided with the beginning of the rainy season. The population peak of most species, including those with higher vector potential, suggests that the rainy season can be considered as the period of potentially higher risk of mechanical transmission of pathogens by tabanids to horses in the region.  
  Address Embrapa Pantanal, 79320-900 Corumba, MS, Brasil. thadeu@cpap.embrapa.br  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0074-0276 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:11685255 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2644  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Wiesner, L.; Kenney, R.M.; Ganjam, V.K.; Turner, J.W. openurl 
  Title Seasonal variation in plasma androgens and testosterone in the North American wild horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1977 Publication The Journal of endocrinology Abbreviated Journal J Endocrinol  
  Volume (down) 72 Issue 2 Pages 237-238  
  Keywords Androgens/*blood; Animals; Horses/*blood; Male; *Seasons; Testosterone/*blood  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-0795 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:845536 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 148  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bertram, D.S. openurl 
  Title Mosquitoes of British Honduras, with some comments on malaria, and on arbovirus antibodies in man and equines Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Abbreviated Journal Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg  
  Volume (down) 65 Issue 6 Pages 742-762  
  Keywords Aedes; Animals; Anopheles; Antibodies/*analysis; Arbovirus Infections/*epidemiology/immunology/veterinary; Belize; Culex; *Culicidae/classification; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/immunology; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/immunology; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors; Malaria/*epidemiology; Neutralization Tests; Seasons  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0035-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4400502 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2732  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ogbourne, C.P. openurl 
  Title Variations in the fecundity of strongylid worms of the horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Parasitology Abbreviated Journal Parasitology  
  Volume (down) 63 Issue 2 Pages 289-298  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Newborn; Ecology; Feces; Female; Horses; Larva/growth & development; Male; Ovum; Parasite Egg Count; Reproduction; Seasons; Strongyle Infections, Equine/*etiology; Strongyloides/*growth & development; Time Factors  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-1820 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5129804 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2727  
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Author Crowell-Davis, S.L.; Houpt, K.A.; Carnevale, J. openurl 
  Title Feeding and drinking behavior of mares and foals with free access to pasture and water Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Journal of animal science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.  
  Volume (down) 60 Issue 4 Pages 883-889  
  Keywords Animals; *Drinking Behavior; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; Poaceae; Seasons; Temperature; Time Factors  
  Abstract The feeding and drinking behavior of 11 mares and 15 foals living on pasture with free access to water was recorded during 2,340 15-min focal samples taken over 2 yr. Lactating mares on pasture spent about 70% of the day feeding. Foals began feeding on their first day of life. As they grew older, they spent progressively more time feeding, but still spent only 47 +/- 6% of the time feeding by 21 wk of age. Foals fed primarily during the early morning and evening. While grass formed the major proportion of the diet of both foals and mares, they also ate clay, humus, feces, bark, leaves and twigs. Almost all feeding by foals was done while their mothers were feeding. Movement to water sources was frequently, but not invariably, carried out by an entire herd. Frequency (P = .005) but not duration (P greater than .05) of drinking bouts by mares increased as the temperature increased. Frequency was greatest at 30 to 35 C, at which temperature mares drank once every 1.8 h. Frequency of drinking varied with the time of day (P less than .01), being rarest during the early morning (0500 to 0900 h eastern daylight time) and most frequent during the afternoon (1300 to 1700 h). Drinking by foals was very rare. The youngest age at which a foal was observed to drink was 3 wk, and 8 of 15 foals were never observed to drink before weaning.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0021-8812 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:3988655 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 54  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Khalil, A.M.; Murakami, N.; Kaseda, Y. openurl 
  Title Relationship between plasma testosterone concentrations and age, breeding season and harem size in Misaki feral horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal J Vet Med Sci  
  Volume (down) 60 Issue 5 Pages 643-645  
  Keywords Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Wild; *Horses; Japan; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Sexual Maturation; *Social Behavior; Testosterone/*blood  
  Abstract Jugular vein blood samples were collected from 23 young and sexual mature feral stallions to examine the relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season or harem size. Testosterone concentration increased with the age of the stallions until they formed their own harems, at about 4 to 6 years old. Seasonal variations in testosterone concentrations were observed, and found to be significantly higher (P<0.001) throughout the breeding season than non-breeding season, from 3 years of age. Testosterone levels were correlated with harem size for individual stallions. It can be inferred from these results that there is a relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season and harem size.  
  Address Laboratory of Animal Behavioral Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0916-7250 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:9637303 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 137  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Hoogstraal, H.; Mitchell, R.M. openurl 
  Title Haemaphysalis (Alloceraea) aponommoides Warburton (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae), description of immature stages, hosts, distribution, and ecology in India, Nepal, Sikkim, and China Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication The Journal of Parasitology Abbreviated Journal J Parasitol  
  Volume (down) 57 Issue 3 Pages 635-645  
  Keywords Altitude; Animals; Artiodactyla; Birds; Buffaloes; Carnivora; Cattle; China; Deer; Dogs; Ecology; Female; Goats; Horses; Humans; India; Insectivora; Larva/anatomy & histology; Male; Mice; Nepal; Rats; Rodentia; Sciuridae; Seasons; Sheep; Tick Infestations/*epidemiology; Ticks/*anatomy & histology/growth & development  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-3395 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5090972 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2730  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Kralj-Fiser, S.; Scheiber, I.B.R.; Blejec, A.; Moestl, E.; Kotrschal, K. doi  openurl
  Title Individualities in a flock of free-roaming greylag geese: behavioral and physiological consistency over time and across situations Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Hormones and Behavior Abbreviated Journal Horm Behav  
  Volume (down) 51 Issue 2 Pages 239-248  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Corticosterone/metabolism; Feces; Female; Geese/*physiology; Individuality; Male; Personality/*physiology; Population Density; Reproducibility of Results; Seasons; *Social Behavior; Social Environment; Testosterone/*metabolism  
  Abstract The concept of personality implies individual differences in behavior and physiology that show some degree of repeatability/consistency over time and across contexts. Most studies of animal personality, particularly studies of individuals' variation in physiological mechanisms, have been conducted on selected individuals in controlled conditions. We attempted to detect consistent behaviors as well as physiological patterns in greylag ganders (Anser anser) from a free-roaming flock living in semi-natural conditions. We tested 10 individuals repeatedly, in a handling trial, resembling tests for characterization of “temperaments” in captive animals. We recorded the behavior of the same 10 individuals during four situations in the socially intact flock: (1) a “low density feeding condition”, (2) a “high density feeding condition”, (3) a “low density post-feeding situation” and (4) while the geese rested. We collected fecal samples for determination of excreted immuno-reactive corticosterone (BM) and testosterone metabolites (TM) after handling trials, as well as the “low density feeding” and the “high density feeding” conditions. BM levels were very highly consistent over the repeats of handling trials, and the “low density feeding condition” and tended to be consistent over the first two repeats of the “high density feeding condition”. Also, BM responses tended to be consistent across contexts. Despite seasonal variation, there tended to be inter-test consistency of TM, which pointed to some individual differences in TM as well. Aggressiveness turned out to be a highly repeatable trait, which was consistent across social situations, and tended to correlate with an individual's resistance during handling trials. Also, “proximity to the female partner” and “sociability” – the average number of neighboring geese in a close distance while resting – were consistent. We conclude that aggressiveness, “affiliative tendencies” and levels of excreted corticosterone and testosterone metabolites may be crucial factors of personality in geese.  
  Address University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical faculty, Slovenia. simona.kralj@guest.arnes.si  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-506X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17196200 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4189  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Polley, L. openurl 
  Title Strongylid parasites of horses: experimental ecology of the free-living stages on the Canadian prairie Type Journal Article
  Year 1986 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal Am J Vet Res  
  Volume (down) 47 Issue 8 Pages 1686-1693  
  Keywords Animals; Canada; Ecology; Feces; Female; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology; Horses; Larva; Ovum/cytology; Seasons; Strongyloides/isolation & purification; Strongyloidiasis/epidemiology/*veterinary  
  Abstract Each month for a 1-year period (October through September), equine fecal masses containing eggs of strongylid nematodes were placed outdoors on small grass plots in Saskatchewan, Canada. Thereafter, feces and grass from the plots were sampled after intervals of 1 week or longer, and the strongylid eggs and larvae recovered were counted. These observations were made over a 2-year period. Development of eggs to infective larvae occurred in all experiments, except those established in October, December, and January. Infective larvae from experiments set up in April through September survived that winter. During the summer, there was a gradual build up of infective larvae in the fecal masses, which reached a peak in August and September and then decreased into the winter. These results are discussed in the context of the control of strongylid parasites of horses on the Canadian prairie and in other areas of the world with a similar climate and similar horse management practices.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0002-9645 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:3752676 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2682  
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Author Ribeiro, H.S.; Larangeira, N.L.; Paiva, F. openurl 
  Title [Prevalence of Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Cobbald, 1884) Railiet & Henry 1907, in Pantaneira breed horses of the region of Pocone, MT] Type Journal Article
  Year 1979 Publication Arquivos do Instituto Biologico Abbreviated Journal Arq Inst Biol (Sao Paulo)  
  Volume (down) 46 Issue 3-4 Pages 107-110  
  Keywords Animals; Brazil; Dictyocaulus/*isolation & purification; Ecology; Female; Horses/*parasitology; Male; Metastrongyloidea/*isolation & purification; Seasons  
  Abstract The authors sacrificed fifty-five horses originated from the “Pantanal”, lowlands in the State of Mato Grosso in two different periods, droughty period and flooded and they described for the first time the Dictyocaulus arnfieldi in Mato Grosso. Relationship between droughty and flooded periods proved not to occur.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Portuguese Summary Language Original Title Prevalencia de Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Cobbald, 1884) Railiet & Henry 1907, em cavalos de raca pantaneira da regiao de Pocone, MT  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0020-3653 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:554599 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2693  
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