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Author |
Dow, M.; Ewing, A.W.; Sutherland, I. |
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Title |
Studies on the behaviour of cyprinodont fish. III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
252-268 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Dominance-Subordination; *Fishes; Humans; Individuality; *Killifishes; Male; Time Factors |
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0005-7959 |
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PMID:1035107 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4151 |
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Author |
Bergmann, H.H.; Klaus, S.; Muller, F.; Wiesner, J. |
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Title |
[Individuality and type specificity in the songs of a population of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae)] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
94-114 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Birds; Female; *Individuality; Male; Time Factors; *Vocalization, Animal |
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German |
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Original Title |
Individualitat und Artspezifitat in den Gesangsstrophen einer Population des Haselhuhns (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae) |
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0005-7959 |
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Notes |
PMID:1191217 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4152 |
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Author |
Bobbert, M.F.; Santamaria, S. |
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Title |
Contribution of the forelimbs and hindlimbs of the horse to mechanical energy changes in jumping |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
The Journal of Experimental Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Biol |
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Volume |
208 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
249-260 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Biomechanics; Forelimb/*physiology; Hindlimb/*physiology; Horses/*physiology; Locomotion/*physiology; Muscle, Skeletal/*physiology; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
The purpose of the present study was to gain more insight into the contribution of the forelimbs and hindlimbs of the horse to energy changes during the push-off for a jump. For this purpose, we collected kinematic data at 240 Hz from 23 5-year-old Warmbloods (average mass: 595 kg) performing free jumps over a 1.15 m high fence. From these data, we calculated the changes in mechanical energy and the changes in limb length and joint angles. The force carried by the forelimbs and the amount of energy stored was estimated from the distance between elbow and hoof, assuming that this part of the leg behaved as a linear spring. During the forelimb push, the total energy first decreased by 3.2 J kg(-1) and then increased again by 4.2 J kg(-1) to the end of the forelimb push. At the end of the forelimb push, the kinetic energy due to horizontal velocity of the centre of mass was 1.6 J kg(-1) less than at the start, while the effective energy (energy contributing to jump height) was 2.3 J kg(-1) greater. It was investigated to what extent these changes could involve passive spring-like behaviour of the forelimbs. The amount of energy stored and re-utilized in the distal tendons during the forelimb push was estimated to be on average 0.4 J kg(-1) in the trailing forelimb and 0.23 J kg(-1) in the leading forelimb. This means that a considerable amount of energy was first dissipated and subsequently regenerated by muscles, with triceps brachii probably being the most important contributor. During the hindlimb push, the muscles of the leg were primarily producing energy. The total increase in energy was 2.5 J kg(-1) and the peak power output amounted to 71 W kg(-1). |
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Address |
Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, van der Boechorstraat 9, NL-1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. MFBobbert@fbw.vu.nl |
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English |
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ISSN |
0022-0949 |
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Notes |
PMID:15634844 |
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no |
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Serial |
1895 |
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Author |
Donnelly, J.; Phipps, L.P.; Watkins, K.L. |
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Title |
Evidence of maternal antibodies to Babesia equi and B caballi in foals of seropositive mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
126-128 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Antibodies/*analysis; Babesia/*immunology; Complement Fixation Tests; Female; Horses/*immunology; Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; Male; Time Factors |
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English |
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ISSN |
0425-1644 |
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Notes |
PMID:7084196 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2280 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
A. Lanata; A. Guidi; G. Valenza; P. Baragli; E. P. Scilingo |
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Title |
Quantitative heartbeat coupling measures in human-horse interaction |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) |
Abbreviated Journal |
2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (E |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
2696-2699 |
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Keywords |
electrocardiography; medical signal processing; signal classification; time series; Dtw; Hrv; Mpc; Msc; complex biological systems; dynamic time warping; grooming; heart rate variability time series; heartbeat dynamics; human-horse dynamic interaction; magnitude squared coherence; magnitude-phase coupling; mean phase coherence; nearest mean classifier; quantitative heartbeat coupling; real human-animal interaction; time duration; visual-olfactory interaction; Coherence; Couplings; Electrocardiography; Heart rate variability; Horses; Protocols; Time series analysis |
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Abstract |
Abstract— We present a study focused on a quantitative estimation of a human-horse dynamic interaction. A set of measures based on magnitude and phase coupling between heartbeat dynamics of both humans and horses in three different conditions is reported: no interaction, visual/olfactory interaction and grooming. Specifically, Magnitude Squared Coherence (MSC), Mean Phase Coherence (MPC) and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) have been used as estimators of the amount of coupling between human and horse through the analysis of their heart rate variability (HRV) time series in a group of eleven human subjects, and one horse. The rationale behind this study is that the interaction of two complex biological systems go towards a coupling process whose dynamical evolution is modulated by the kind and time duration of the interaction itself. We achieved a congruent and consistent
statistical significant difference for all of the three indices. Moreover, a Nearest Mean Classifier was able to recognize the three classes of interaction with an accuracy greater than 70%. Although preliminary, these encouraging results allow a discrimination of three distinct phases in a real human-animal interaction opening to the characterization of the empirically proven relationship between human and horse. |
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2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (E |
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ISSN |
1557-170x |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6175 |
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Author |
Cameron, E.Z. |
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Title |
Facultative adjustment of mammalian sex ratios in support of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis: evidence for a mechanism |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Biol Sci |
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Volume |
271 |
Issue |
1549 |
Pages |
1723-1728 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Body Constitution; *Evolution; Female; Glucose/metabolism/physiology; Litter Size; Male; Mammals/*physiology; *Models, Biological; Reproduction/physiology; Seasons; Sex Factors; *Sex Ratio; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
Evolutionary theory predicts that mothers of different condition should adjust the birth sex ratio of their offspring in relation to future reproductive benefits. Published studies addressing variation in mammalian sex ratios have produced surprisingly contradictory results. Explaining the source of such variation has been a challenge for sex-ratio theory, not least because no mechanism for sex-ratio adjustment is known. I conducted a meta-analysis of previous mammalian sex-ratio studies to determine if there are any overall patterns in sex-ratio variation. The contradictory nature of previous results was confirmed. However, studies that investigated indices of condition around conception show almost unanimous support for the prediction that mothers in good condition bias their litters towards sons. Recent research on the role of glucose in reproductive functioning have shown that excess glucose favours the development of male blastocysts, providing a potential mechanism for sex-ratio variation in relation to maternal condition around conception. Furthermore, many of the conflicting results from studies on sex-ratio adjustment would be explained if glucose levels in utero during early cell division contributed to the determination of offspring sex ratios. |
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Address |
Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. ezcameron@zoology.up.ac.za |
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English |
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ISSN |
0962-8452 |
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Notes |
PMID:15306293 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
413 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Horowitz, A.C. |
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Title |
Do humans ape? Or do apes human? Imitation and intention in humans (Homo sapiens) and other animals |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
325-336 |
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Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Attention; Child, Preschool; Concept Formation; Female; Humans; *Imitative Behavior; Male; Motivation; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; *Problem Solving; *Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Species Specificity |
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Abstract |
A. Whiten, D. M. Custance, J.-C. Gomez, P. Teixidor, and K. A. Bard (1996) tested chimpanzees' (Pan troglodytes) and human children's (Homo sapiens) skills at imitation with a 2-action test on an “artificial fruit.” Chimpanzees imitated to a restricted degree; children were more thoroughly imitative. Such results prompted some to assert that the difference in imitation indicates a difference in the subjects' understanding of the intentions of the demonstrator (M. Tomasello, 1996). In this experiment, 37 adult human subjects were tested with the artificial fruit. Far from being perfect imitators, the adults were less imitative than the children. These results cast doubt on the inference from imitative performance to an ability to understand others' intentions. The results also demonstrate how any test of imitation requires a control group and attention to the level of behavioral analysis. |
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Address |
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. ahorowitz@crl.ucsd.edu |
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Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. : 1983 |
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English |
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ISSN |
0735-7036 |
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Notes |
PMID:14498809 |
Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
736 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Rapin, V.; Poncet, P.A.; Burger, D.; Mermod, C.; Richard, M.A. |
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Title |
[Measurement of the attention time in the horse] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd |
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Volume |
149 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
77-83 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; *Attention/physiology; Conditioning, Operant; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Horses/*physiology; Learning/*physiology; Male; Memory/*physiology; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
A study carried out on 49 horses showed that it is possible to measure the attention time by operant conditioning. After teaching horses an instrumental task using a signal, we were then able to test their attention time by asking them to prolong it increasingly while setting success and failure criteria. Two tests were performed 3 weeks apart. The 2nd test was feasible without relearning, a proof of memory, and was repeatable, a proof of consistency in the attention time. A significant difference was observed between the 3 age groups. Young horses often performed very well during the 1st test but their attention dropped in the 2nd test while older horses were more stable with respect to attention and even increased it slightly. The study shows that there are individual differences but it was not possible to prove a significant influence of breed, gender and paternal influence. Consequently, learning appears to be one of the most interesting approaches for evaluating the attention of horses and for observing their behaviour. |
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Address |
Laboratoire d'Ecoethologie, Universite de Neuchatel, Suisse. veronique.rapin@unine.ch |
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Language |
French |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Mesure de la duree d'attention chez le cheval |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0036-7281 |
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Notes |
PMID:17343134 |
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no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1770 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hodgson, D.; Howe, S.; Jeffcott, L.; Reid, S.; Mellor, D.; Higgins, A. |
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Title |
Effect of prolonged use of altrenogest on behaviour in mares |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet J |
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Volume |
169 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
113-115 |
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Keywords |
Administration, Oral; Anabolic Agents/adverse effects/*pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects; Body Constitution/drug effects; Body Weight/drug effects; *Doping in Sports; Female; Horses/*physiology; Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Time Factors; Trenbolone/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology |
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Abstract |
Erratum in:
Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):321.
Corrected and republished in:
Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):322-5.
Oral administration of altrenogest for oestrus suppression in competition horses is believed to be widespread in some equestrian disciplines, and can be administered continuously for several months during a competition season. To examine whether altrenogest has any anabolic or other potential performance enhancing properties that may give a horse an unfair advantage, we examined the effect of oral altrenogest (0.044 mg/kg), given daily for a period of eight weeks, on social hierarchy, activity budget, body-mass and body condition score of 12 sedentary mares. We concluded that prolonged oral administration of altrenogest at recommended dose rates to sedentary mares resulted in no effect on dominance hierarchies, body mass or condition score. |
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Address |
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Private Mailbag 4, Narellan Delivery Centre, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. davidh@camden.usyd.edu.au |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1090-0233 |
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Notes |
PMID:15683772 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
671 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Moses, S.N.; Villate, C.; Ryan, J.D. |
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Title |
An investigation of learning strategy supporting transitive inference performance in humans compared to other species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Neuropsychologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neuropsychologia |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1370-1387 |
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Keywords |
Adult; Analysis of Variance; Association Learning/*physiology; *Cognition; *Concept Formation; Female; Humans; *Logic; Male; Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology; Photic Stimulation/methods; Reaction Time/physiology |
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Abstract |
Generalizations about neural function are often drawn from non-human animal models to human cognition, however, the assumption of cross-species conservation may sometimes be invalid. Humans may use different strategies mediated by alternative structures, or similar structures may operate differently within the context of the human brain. The transitive inference problem, considered a hallmark of logical reasoning, can be solved by non-human species via associative learning rather than logic. We tested whether humans use similar strategies to other species for transitive inference. Results are crucial for evaluating the validity of widely accepted assumptions of similar neural substrates underlying performance in humans and other animals. Here we show that successful transitive inference in humans is unrelated to use of associative learning strategies and is associated with ability to report the hierarchical relationship among stimuli. Our work stipulates that cross-species generalizations must be interpreted cautiously, since performance on the same task may be mediated by different strategies and/or neural systems. |
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Address |
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Canada. smoses@rotman-baycrest.on.ca |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0028-3932 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:16503340 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
153 |
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Permanent link to this record |