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	Author	Mehlem M.
	Title	Angst und Pferd – Wege zur Bewältigung und Integration von Ängsten mit Hilfe der Pferde.			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2005	Publication	Psychotherapie mit dem Pferd – Beiträge aus der Praxis	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	20-37
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	FN-Verlag	Place of Publication	Warendorf	Editor	DKThR
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5068
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	Author	Stürmer, K.
	Title	Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Fütterung auf den Säure-Basen-Haushalt bei Ponys			Type	Manuscript
	Year	2005	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	In der praktischen Pferdefütterung kommen regelmäßig Substanzen zum Einsatz, die einen erheblichen Einfluss auf den Säure-Basen-Haushalt ausüben. Andererseits können Manipulationen des Säure-Basen-Haushaltes in der Diätetik erwünscht sein, z.B. bei Harnsteinen oder hyperkaliämischer periodischer Paralyse. Verschiebungen im Säure- Basen-Gleichgewicht treten – unabhängig von der Fütterung – außerdem bei starker körperlicher Aktivität auf, eine eventuelle Prophylaxe durch die Ernährung wird ebenfalls diskutiert. Der Einfluss der Fütterung auf den Säure-Basen-Haushalt ist beim Pferd bisher nur wenig und nicht systematisch untersucht, während sich viele Arbeiten mit dem Effekt körperlicher Belastung beschäftigen. Analogieschlüsse zu anderen Spezies müssen äußerst vorsichtig betrachtet werden, da die Absorption von am Säure- Basen-Haushalt beteiligten Substanzen beim Pferd Unterschiede zu anderen Spezies aufweist (Meyer, 1982). In der vorliegenden Untersuchung sollte daher der Effekt von verschiedenen Chloriden (Natriumchlorid, Kalziumchlorid, Ammoniumchlorid) auf den Säure-Basen-Haushalt bei Ponys geprüft werden. In den ersten Versuchsdurchgängen wurden für Kleinpferde im Erhaltungsstoffwechsel für diesen Zweck Rationen mit sehr hohen Heuanteilen verwendet. Trotz hoher Dosen des bei verschiedenen Spezies stark säuernden Ammoniumchlorids traten bei den Ponys nur relativ kleine Effekte auf. Bei der weiteren Durchsicht des Schrifttums fiel auf, dass Einzelbeobachtungen zu stark säuernden Effekten nur bei Rationen mit hohem Anteil an Kraftfutter und geringem Anteil an Rauhfutter auftraten. Daher wurde der Effekt von Ammoniumchlorid auf einer stark kraftfutterhaltigen Ration nochmals überprüft.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Ph.D. thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5162
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	Author	Parrish, J. K.; Viscido, S. V.
	Title	Traffic rules of fish schools: A review of agent-based approaches.			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2005	Publication	Self-organisation and the evolution of social behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	50-80
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Cambridge University Press	Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor	C. K. Hemelrijk
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5419
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	Author	Boyd, L.; Keiper, R.
	Title	Behavioural ecology of feral horses			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2005	Publication	The domestic horse: the origins, development, and management of its behaviour	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Cambridge University Press	Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor	Mills, D. S.; McDonnell S. M.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5439
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	Author	Güntürkün, O.
	Title	How asymmetry in animals starts			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	European Review	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	13	Issue	2	Pages	105-118
	Keywords
	Abstract	This review aims to present a speculation about mechanisms that shape the brains of humans and other animals into an asymmetrical organization. To this end, I will proceed in two steps: first, I want to recapitulate evidence from various experiments that show that some but not all asymmetries of the avian brain result from a prehatch light stimulation asymmetry. This should make it clear that avian embryos have a genetic predisposition to turn their head to the right. This results in a higher level of prehatch light stimulation of their right eye. The concomitant left–right difference in sensory input alters the brain circuits of the animal for the entire lifespan in a lateralized way. In the second part of the paper I will present evidence that some of the asymmetries of the human brain take a similar ontogenetic path as those observed in birds. This review provides the evidence that critical ontogenetic processes discovered in animal models could also be involved in the ontogeny of human cerebral asymmetries.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5674
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	Author	Bykov, S.; Lednev, I.; Ianoul, A.; Mikhonin, A.; Munro, C.; Asher, S.A.
	Title	Steady-state and transient ultraviolet resonance Raman spectrometer for the 193-270 nm spectral region			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Applied Spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Spectrosc
	Volume	59	Issue	12	Pages	1541-1552
	Keywords	Animals; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Horses; Kinetics; Metmyoglobin/analysis; Myocardium/metabolism; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/instrumentation/methods; Spectrum Analysis, Raman/instrumentation/methods
	Abstract	We describe a state-of-the-art tunable ultraviolet (UV) Raman spectrometer for the 193-270 nm spectral region. This instrument allows for steady-state and transient UV Raman measurements. We utilize a 5 kHz Ti-sapphire continuously tunable laser (approximately 20 ns pulse width) between 193 nm and 240 nm for steady-state measurements. For transient Raman measurements we utilize one Coherent Infinity YAG laser to generate nanosecond infrared (IR) pump laser pulses to generate a temperature jump (T-jump) and a second Coherent Infinity YAG laser that is frequency tripled and Raman shifted into the deep UV (204 nm) for transient UV Raman excitation. Numerous other UV excitation frequencies can be utilized for selective excitation of chromophoric groups for transient Raman measurements. We constructed a subtractive dispersion double monochromator to minimize stray light. We utilize a new charge-coupled device (CCD) camera that responds efficiently to UV light, as opposed to the previous CCD and photodiode detectors, which required intensifiers for detecting UV light. For the T-jump measurements we use a second camera to simultaneously acquire the Raman spectra of the water stretching bands (2500-4000 cm(-1)) whose band-shape and frequency report the sample temperature.
	Address	Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-7028	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16390595			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3767
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	Author	Thiel, D.; Jenni-Eiermann, S.; Palme, R.
	Title	Measuring corticosterone metabolites in droppings of capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences	Abbreviated Journal	Ann N Y Acad Sci
	Volume	1046	Issue		Pages	96-108
	Keywords	Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/administration & dosage/analysis/metabolism; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Corticosterone/administration & dosage/analysis/metabolism; Feces/chemistry; Female; Freezing; Galliformes/metabolism; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Sex Factors; Temperature; Time Factors; Tritium/diagnostic use
	Abstract	The capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), the largest grouse species in the world, is decreasing in numbers in major parts of its distribution range. Disturbances by human outdoor activities are discussed as a possible reason for this population decline. An indicator for disturbances is the increase of the glucocorticoid corticosterone, a stress hormone, which helps to cope with life-threatening situations. However, repeated disturbances might result in a long-term increase of the basal corticosterone concentration, which can result in detrimental effects like reduced fitness and survival of an animal. To measure corticosterone metabolites (CMs) noninvasively in the droppings of free-living capercaillies, first an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in captive birds had to be selected and validated. Therefore, the excretion pattern of intravenously injected radiolabeled corticosterone was determined and 3H metabolites were characterized. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separations of the samples containing peak concentrations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized. The HPLC fractions were tested in several EIAs for glucocorticoid metabolites. The physiological relevance of this method was proved after pharmacological stimulation of the adrenocortical activity. Only the recently established cortisone assay, measuring CMs with a 3,11-dione structure, detected an expressed increase of concentrations following ACTH stimulation. To set up a sampling protocol suited for the field, we examined the influence of various storage conditions and time of day on concentrations of CMs.
	Address	Swiss Ornithological Institute, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland. dominik.thiel@vogelwarte.ch
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0077-8923	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16055846			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4079
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	Author	Baltic, M.; Jenni-Eiermann, S.; Arlettaz, R.; Palme, R.
	Title	A noninvasive technique to evaluate human-generated stress in the black grouse			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences	Abbreviated Journal	Ann N Y Acad Sci
	Volume	1046	Issue		Pages	81-95
	Keywords	Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism; Animals; Bird Diseases/metabolism; Conservation of Natural Resources; Corticosterone/metabolism; Ecosystem; Feces/chemistry; Female; Galliformes/metabolism; Immunoenzyme Techniques/methods/veterinary; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Stress/metabolism/*veterinary; Tritium/diagnostic use
	Abstract	The continuous development of tourism and related leisure activities is exerting an increasingly intense pressure on wildlife. In this study, a novel noninvasive method for measuring stress in the black grouse, an endangered, emblematic species of European ecosystems that is currently declining in several parts of its European range, is tested and physiologically validated. A radiometabolism study and an ACTH challenge test were performed on four captive black grouse (two of each sex) in order to get basic information about the metabolism and excretion of corticosterone and to find an appropriate enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) to measure its metabolites in the feces. Peak radioactivity in the droppings was detected within 1 to 2 hours. Injected (3)H-corticosterone was excreted as polar metabolites and by itself was almost absent. A cortisone-EIA was chosen from among seven tested EIAs for different groups of glucocorticoid metabolites, because it cross-reacted with some of the formed metabolites and best reflected the increase of excreted corticosterone metabolites, after the ACTH challenge test. Concentrations of the metabolites from fecal samples collected from snow burrows of free-ranging black grouse were within the same range as in captive birds. The noninvasive method described may be appropriate for evaluating the stress faced by free-living black grouse populations in the wild, particularly in mountain ecosystems where human disturbance, especially by winter sports, is of increasing conservation concern.
	Address	Zoological Institute, Division of Conservation Biology, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0077-8923	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16055845			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4080
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	Author	Mostl, E.; Rettenbacher, S.; Palme, R.
	Title	Measurement of corticosterone metabolites in birds' droppings: an analytical approach			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences	Abbreviated Journal	Ann N Y Acad Sci
	Volume	1046	Issue		Pages	17-34
	Keywords	Animals; Birds/metabolism; Corticosterone/analysis/metabolism; Feces/*chemistry; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Immunoassay; Molecular Structure; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity
	Abstract	Fecal steroid analyses are becoming increasingly popular among both field and laboratory scientists. The benefits associated with sampling procedures that do not require restraint, anesthesia, and blood collection include less risk to subject and investigator, as well as the potential to obtain endocrine profiles that are not influenced by the sampling procedure itself. In the feces, a species-specific pattern of metabolites is present, because glucocorticoids are extensively metabolized. Therefore, selection of adequate extraction procedures and immunoassays for measuring the relevant metabolites is a serious issue. In this review, emphasis is placed on the establishment and analytical validation of methods to measure glucocorticoid metabolites for a noninvasive evaluation of adrenocortical activity in droppings of birds.
	Address	Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinarplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria. erich.moestl@vu-wien.ac.at
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0077-8923	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16055841			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4082
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	Author	Young, L.E.; Rogers, K.; Wood, J.L.N.
	Title	Left ventricular size and systolic function in Thoroughbred racehorses and their relationships to race performance			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Physiol
	Volume	99	Issue	4	Pages	1278-1285
	Keywords	Adaptation, Physiological; Aging/physiology; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Echocardiography; Female; Heart/physiology; Heart Ventricles; Horses/physiology; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Running/physiology; Stroke Volume; Systole; Task Performance and Analysis
	Abstract	Cardiac morphology in human athletes is known to differ, depending on the sports-specific endurance component of their events, whereas anecdotes abound about superlative athletes with large hearts. As the heart determines stroke volume and maximum O(2) uptake in mammals, we undertook a study to test the hypothesis that the morphology of the equine heart would differ between trained horses, depending on race type, and that left ventricular size would be greatest in elite performers. Echocardiography was performed in 482 race-fit Thoroughbreds engaged in either flat (1,000-2,500 m) or jump racing (3,200-6,400 m). Body weight and sex-adjusted measures of left ventricular size were largest in horses engaged in jump racing over fixed fences, compared with horses running shorter distances on the flat (range 8-16%). The observed differences in cardiac morphologies suggest that subtle differences in training and competition result in cardiac adaptations that are appropriate to the endurance component of the horses' event. Derived left ventricular mass was strongly associated with published rating (quality) in horses racing over longer distances in jump races (P < or = 0.001), but less so for horses in flat races. Rather, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular mass combined were positively associated with race rating in older flat racehorses running over sprint (<1,408 m) and longer distances (>1,408 m), explaining 25-35% of overall variation in performance, as well as being closely associated with performance in longer races over jumps (23%). These data provide the first direct evidence that cardiac size influences athletic performance in a group of mammalian running athletes.
	Address	Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK. lesley.young@aht.org.uk
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	8750-7587	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:15920096			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	3768
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