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Author | Fürst, A. | ||||
Title | Haltungsbedingte Erkrankungen und Verletzungen des Pferdes: Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Haltungssystemen aus medizinischer Sicht | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5757 | ||
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Author | Leblanc, M.-A. | ||||
Title | The mind of the horse, An Introduction to Equine Cognition | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Abstract | Horses were first domesticated about 6,000 years ago on the vast Eurasian steppe extending from Mongolia to the Carpathian Mountains. Yet only in the last two decades have scientists begun to explore the specific mental capacities of these animals. Responding to a surge of interest in fields from ethology to comparative psychology and evolutionary biology, Michel-Antoine Leblanc presents an encyclopedic synthesis of scientific knowledge about equine behavior and cognition. The Mind of the Horse provides experts and enthusiasts alike with an up-to-date understanding of how horses perceive, think about, and adapt to their physical and social worlds. Much of what we know—or think we know—about “the intelligence of the horse” derives from fragmentary reports and anecdotal evidence. Putting this accumulated wisdom to the test, Leblanc introduces readers to rigorous experimental investigations into how horses make sense of their world under varying conditions. He describes the anatomical and neurophysiological characteristics of the horse’s brain, and offers an evolutionary perspective by comparing these features with those of other species. A horseman himself, Leblanc also considers the opinions of renowned riding masters, as well as controversies surrounding the extraordinary powers of the horse’s mind that have stirred in equestrian and scientific circles. Although scientists understand more today about how horses think than at any time in our species’ long acquaintance with these animals, much remains in the dark. The Mind of the Horse brings together the current state of equine research and will likely stimulate surprising new discoveries. |
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Publisher | Harvard University Press | Place of Publication | Harvard, MA | Editor | |
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ISSN | ISBN | 9780674724969 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5827 | ||
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Author | Graf, P.; Schneider, T.; KönigvonBorstel, U.; Gauly M. | ||||
Title | Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse einer objektivierten Temperamentbeurteilung bei Pferden [Economic evaluation of an objective temperament assessment in horses] | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Züchtungskunde | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 85 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 129-142 |
Keywords | Kosten, Nutzen, Interieurbeurteilung, Pferd, Temperament [Economy, personality assessment, horse, temperament] | ||||
Abstract | Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Ermittlung der Kosten eines Verhaltenstests zur objektiven Temperamentbeurteilung. Sie wurde an 1028 Pferden auf 55 Zuchtveranstaltungen und Privatbetrieben ermittelt. Weiterhin wurde eine Befragung zur allgemeinen Akzeptanz einer solchen Beurteilung bei Reitpferden durchgeführt. Zusätzlich wurde mit Hilfe einer Online-Umfrage die Meinung zu den Kosten und dem Aufwand einer solchen Beurteilung ermittelt. Die Kosten der Einführung einer objektiven Temperamentbeurteilung entsprechen nach Einbeziehung aller Faktoren ca. 18 Euro je Pferd. Den Kosten steht die Zahlungsbereitschaft für eine verbesserte, da objektivierte Temperamentbeurteilung gegenüber. Insgesamt 56,7% der Befragten wären bereit, mehr als 11 Euro für eine objektive Interieurbeurteilung auf Leistungsprüfungen im Feld zu investieren. Im Rahmen von Stationsprüfungen wären sie sogar bereit mehr als 30 Euro aufzuwenden. Die Wertsteigerung eines im Rahmen des Verfahrens positiv bewerteten Pferdes um 5%, die von den Teilnehmern der Umfrage durchschnittlich angenommen wird, würde zusätzlich den Gewinn beim Pferdeverkauf steigern. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kosten einer objektiven Temperamentbeurteilung durch eine erhöhte Zahlungsbereitschaft der Käufer scheinbar kompensiert werden können, so dass die Einführung eines Temperamenttests zur objektiven Interieurbeurteilung in Form der vorgestellten Untersuchungen grundsätzlich finanzierbar ist. [The aim of the present study was to assess costs as well as riders’ acceptance of an objective temperament evaluation in riding horses. Costs were determined based on a novel object test conducted in 1028 horses tested on 65 occasions during performance tests or in private stables. In addition, an online survey was used to identify riders’ opinion about the costs and benefits of such an assessment. Based on the conditions assumed in the present study the costs for temperament testing have amount 18 Euro per horse. More than 50% of the respondents were willing to pay more than 11 Euro for an objective temperament assessment in their horses during performance tests in field. Within performance tests on station they would spend more than 30 Euro for an objective temperament assessment. Participants further assumed a rise in value of favourably assessed horses by 5%, leading to increased profits when selling the horse. In conclusion, riders appear to be willing to cover the additional costs accrued from the temperament test. Therefore, the introduction of an objective temperament assessment is likely to pay off.] |
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ISSN | 0044-5401 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5866 | ||
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Author | Palme, R.; Touma, C.; Arias, N., Dominchin, M.N.; Lepschy, M. | ||||
Title | Steroid extraction: Get the best out of faecal samples | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Wiener Tierärztliche Wochenschriften | Abbreviated Journal | Wien Tierärztl Monat – Vet Med Austria |
Volume | 100 | Issue | Pages | 238-246. | |
Keywords | Review, faeces, extraction, non-invasive hormone monitoring, stress, reproduction. | ||||
Abstract | Faecal steroid hormone metabolites are becoming increasingly popular as parameters for reproductive functions and stress. The extraction of the steroids from the faecal matrix represents the initial step before quantification can be performed. The steroid metabolites present in the faecal matrix are of varying polarity and composition, so selection of a proper extraction procedure is essential. There have been some studies to address this complex but often neglected point. Radiolabelled steroids (e.g. cortisol or progesterone) have frequently been added to faecal samples to estimate the efficiency of the extraction procedures used. However, native, unmetabolized steroids are normally not present in the faeces and therefore the results are artifi- cial and do not accurately reflect the actual recoveries of the substances of interest. In this respect, recovery experiments based on faecal samples from radiometabolism studies are more informative. In these samples, the metabolite content accurately reflects the mixture of metabolites present in the given species. As a result, it is possible to evaluate different extraction methods for use with faecal samples. We present studies on sheep, horses, pigs, hares and dogs that utilized samples containing naturally metabolized, 14C-labelled steroids. We recommend extracting faecal steroids by simply suspending the faeces in a high percentage of a primary alcohol (for glucocorticoid metabolites 80% aqueous methanol proved best suited for virtually all mammalian species tested so far). Not only does the procedure significantly increase the total amount of recovered radioactivity, it also increases the percentage of unconjugated metabolites, which are more likely to be recognized by the antibodies used in various immunoassays. The advantages of this extraction procedure are clear: it is very easy to use (no evaporation step is needed), it yields high recoveries and variation based on the extraction procedure is reduced to a minimum. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6520 | ||
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Author | Hunt, G.R.; Gray R.D.; Taylor, A.H. | ||||
Title | Why is tool use rare in animals? | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Tool Use in Animals: Cognition and Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge, MA. | Editor | anz C, Call J, Boesch C |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6658 | ||
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Author | Lagos, L. | ||||
Title | Ecología del lobo (Canis lupus), del poni salvaje (Equus ferus atlanticus) y del ganado vacuno semiextensivo (Bos taurus) en Galicia: interacciones depredador-presa. | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Phd thesis | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 458 | ||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
Publisher | Universidad de Santiago de Compostela | Place of Publication | Santiago de Compostela | Editor | |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6678 | ||
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Author | Rozempolska-Ruciń ska, Iwona; Trojan, Maciej; Kosik, Elż bieta; Próchniak, Tomasz; Górecka-Bruzda, Aleksandra | ||||
Title | How “natural” training methods can affect equine mental state? A critical approach -- a review | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Animal Science Papers & Reports | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 31 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 185 |
Keywords | HORSES -- Training; HORSEMANSHIP; HUMAN-animal relationships; LEARNING in animals; ANIMAL psychology; ANIMAL intelligence; ANIMAL welfare | ||||
Abstract | Among equestrians the “natural” training methods of horses are gaining widespread popularity due to their spectacular efficiency. Underlying philosophy of trainers – founders of different “natural horsemanship training” (NHT) schools, along with other not well documented statements includes argumentation of solely welfare- and human-friendly effects of NHT in the horse. The aim of this review was to screen scientific papers related to NHT to answer the question whether „natural“ training methods may actually exert only positive effects upon equine mental state and human-horse relationship. It appears that NHT trainers may reduce stress and emotional tension and improve learning processes as they appropriately apply learning stimuli. Basing on revised literature it can be concluded that training is successful provided that [i] the strength of the aversive stimulus meets sensitivity of an individual horse, [ii] the aversive stimulus is terminated at a right moment to avoid the impression of punishment, and [iii] the animal is given enough time to assess its situation and make an independent decision in the form of adequate behavioural reaction. Neglecting any of these conditions may lead to substantial emotional problems, hyperactivity, or excessive fear in the horse-human relationship, regardless of the training method. However, we admit that the most successful NHT trainers reduce aversive stimulation to the minimum and that horses learn quicker with fear or stress reactions, apparently decreasing along with training process. Anyway, NHT should be acknowledged for absolutely positive role in pointing out the importance of proper stimulation in the schooling and welfare of horses. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5726 | ||
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Author | Silk, J.; Cheney, D.; Seyfarth, R. | ||||
Title | A practical guide to the study of social relationships | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews | Abbreviated Journal | Evol. Anthropol. |
Volume | 22 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 213-225 |
Keywords | observational methods; behavioral analysis; methods; dyadic relationships; social bonds | ||||
Abstract | Behavioral ecologists have devoted considerable effort to identifying the sources of variation in individual reproductive success. Much of this work has focused on the characteristics of individuals, such as their sex and rank. However, many animals live in stable social groups and the fitness of individuals depends at least in part on the outcome of their interactions with other group members. For example, in many primate species, high dominance rank enhances access to resources and reproductive success. The ability to acquire and maintain high rank often depends on the availability and effectiveness of coalitionary support. Allies may be cultivated and coalitions may be reinforced by affiliative interactions such as grooming, food sharing, and tolerance. These findings suggest that if we want to understand the selective pressures that shape the social behavior of primates, it will be profitable to broaden our focus from the characteristics of individuals to the properties of the relationships that they form with others. The goal of this paper is to discuss a set of methods that can be used to quantify the properties of social relationships. | ||||
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ISSN | 1520-6505 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5748 | ||
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Author | Calcagnoli, F.; Boer, S.F.; Althaus, M.; Boer, J.A.; Koolhaas, J.M. | ||||
Title | Antiaggressive activity of central oxytocin in male rats | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Psychopharmacology | |
Volume | 229 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 639-651 |
Keywords | Oxytocin; Offensive aggression; Social exploration; Individual variability | ||||
Abstract | Rationale A substantial body of research suggests that the neuropeptide oxytocin promotes social affiliative behaviors in a wide range of animals including humans. However, its antiaggressive action has not been unequivocally demonstrated in male laboratory rodents. Objective Our primary goal was to examine the putative serenic effect of oxytocin in a feral strain (wild type Groningen, WTG) of rats that generally show a much broader variation and higher levels of intermale aggression than commonly used laboratory strains of rats. Methods Resident animals were intracerebroventricularly (icv) administered with different doses of synthetic oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist, alone and in combination, in order to manipulate brain oxytocin functioning and to assess their behavioral response to an intruder. Results Our data clearly demonstrate that acute icv administered oxytocin produces dose-dependent and receptorselective changes in social behavior, reducing aggression and potentiating social exploration. These antiaggressive effects are stronger in the more offensive rats. On the other hand, administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist tends to increase (nonsignificantly) aggression only in low–medium aggressive animals. Conclusions These results suggest that transiently enhancing brain oxytocin function has potent antiaggressive effects, whereas its attenuation tends to enhance aggressiveness. In addition, a possible inverse relationship between trait aggression and endogenous oxytocinergic signaling is revealed. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of brain oxytocinergic signaling for regulating intermale offensive aggression. This study supports the suggestion that oxytocin receptor agonists could clinically be useful for curbing heightened aggression seen in a range of neuropsychiatric disorders like antisocial personality disorder, autism, and addiction. |
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Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0033-3158 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5723 | ||
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Author | Abramson, J.Z.; Hernández-Lloreda, V.; Call, J.; Colmenares, F. | ||||
Title | Experimental evidence for action imitation in killer whales (Orcinus orca) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Animal Cognition | |
Volume | 16 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 11-22 |
Keywords | Social learning; Imitation; ‘Do-as-other-does’ test; Animal culture; Killer whales | ||||
Abstract | Comparative experimental studies of imitative learning have focused mainly on primates and birds. However, cetaceans are promising candidates to display imitative learning as they have evolved in socioecological settings that have selected for large brains, complex sociality, and coordinated predatory tactics. Here we tested imitative learning in killer whales, Orcinus orca. We used a ‘do-as-other-does’ paradigm in which 3 subjects witnessed a conspecific demonstrator’s performance that included 15 familiar and 4 novel behaviours. The three subjects (1) learned the copy command signal ‘Do that’ very quickly, that is, 20 trials on average; (2) copied 100 % of the demonstrator’s familiar and novel actions; (3) achieved full matches in the first attempt for 8–13 familiar behaviours (out of 15) and for the 2 novel behaviours (out of 2) in one subject; and (4) took no longer than 8 trials to accurately copy any familiar behaviour, and no longer than 16 trials to copy any novel behaviour. This study provides experimental evidence for body imitation, including production imitation, in killer whales that is comparable to that observed in dolphins tested under similar conditions. These findings suggest that imitative learning may underpin some of the group-specific traditions reported in killer whales in the field. | ||||
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Publisher | Springer-Verlag | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5695 | ||
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