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Author |
Wood, F.E.; Cusanovich, M.A. |
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Title |
The reaction of Euglena gracilis cytochrome c-552 with nonphysiological oxidants and reductants |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics |
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168 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
333-342 |
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The reaction of Euglena gracilis cytochrome c-552 (cytochrome f) with the nonphysiological reactants potassium ferrocyanide, potassium ferricyanide, sodium ascorbate, sodium dithionite, and Chromatium vinosum high potential nonheme iron protein was studied by stopped-flow and temperature-jump kinetic methods. The reaction of the purified, water-soluble protein with the reactants was investigated as a function of ionic strength, pH, and temperature. The results demonstrated that reduction and oxidation takes place at a negatively charged site on the cytochrome c-552 surface. Participation of specific amino acid residues in electron transfer is implicated from the pH results. The results obtained for the nonphysiological reactions of cytochrome c-552 are compared with available data for horse heart cytochrome c and Rhodospirillum rubrum cytochrome c2. The results strongly suggest that Euglena gracilis cytochrome c-552 undergoes nonphysiological oxidation and reduction by a mechanism different from that found for cytochrome c or cytochrome c2. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3987 |
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Author |
Syme, G.J.; Syme, L.A. |
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Title |
The concept of spatial leadership in farm animals: An experiment with sheep |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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23 |
Issue |
Part 4 |
Pages |
921-925 |
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The concept of spatial leadership as applied to farm animals is discussed with particular emphasis on methodological problems. Using three experimental procedures forced spatial leadership orders were measured in a group of Romney ewes. Comparisons between orders showed the effects of both the different experimental tasks and the social context on leadership structure. Both these variables were found to affect the orders obtained. The results are interpreted in terms of the utility of the concept of spatial leadership in domestic animals and the necessity for more systematic procedural investigations in this area. |
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2039 |
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Author |
Mitchell, D.; Allen, W. R. |
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Title |
Observations on reproductive performance in the yearling mare |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Reprod. Fert., |
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(Suppl. 23) |
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Pages |
531-536 |
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Reproductive performance was studied in 137 yearling mares run with stallions in small groups for 3 months between June and August in 1968 to 1971 (four breeding seasons). Pregnancy diagnosis by repeated rectal palpation and qualitative tests for PMSG, showed that ninety-five mares conceived of which forty-four aborted spontaneously between days 30 and 160 of gestation. Laboratory examination of twenty-one aborted fetuses failed to show any infectious agents. Serial quantitative and qualitative tests for PMSG in aborting animals gave results similar to those observed in mares with normal pregnancies. Plasma progestagen assays showed marked individual variations although the loss of the conceptus was always associated with a drop in progestagen level. The high incidence of early pregnancy loss in these pubertal mares may also be related to immaturity, inadequate nutrition and physical stress. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2378 |
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Author |
Ayeni, J.S.O. |
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Title |
Utilization of waterholes in Tsavo National Park (East) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
African Journal of Ecology |
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13 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
305-323 |
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Summary Utilization of waterholes by wildlife was studied between April, 1973 and July, 1974 in Tsavo National Park (East), south of the Voi river. Seasonality was an important factor which influenced the various aspects of waterhole utilization. The numbers of the herbivores utilizing the waterholes increased during the dry season but fell during the rains. Some ungulates also moved near to the artificial waterholes in the dry season but moved away from them during the rains when they drank from natural water-holes formed in clay pans filled with rain water. A basic pattern of waterhole utilization dominated by small (adult-size) species during day-time 06.00–18.00 hours and larger species at night 18.00–06.00 hours is described. The separation in times of arrival and deparature peaks of waterhole utilization, and average coincidence of percentages of paired species populations are used to show that big-game attained a measure of time-spaced ecological separation at the waterholes. The water relations of some day-time and night-time drinkers are discussed. From the baseline study the management implications of the development of additional waterholes in the park are discussed. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1365-2028 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5364 |
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Author |
Zentall, T.R; Hogan, D.E. |
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Title |
Key pecking in pigeons produced by pairing keylight with inaccessible grain |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
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J Exp Anal Behav |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
199-206 |
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In Experiment I, keylight was paired with inaccessible grain delivery (under two conditions of keylight intensity) to determine if autoshaping would occur in the absence of primary reinforcement. In Experiment II, the procedure was repeated with accessible grain, for comparison. In Experiment III, the procedures were repeated with explicitly unpaired presentations of keylight and either inaccessible or accessible grain. The results indicated that key pecking occurred as quickly in the presence of keylight pairings with inaccessible grain as with accessible grain, though (except for one bird) key pecking was not maintained with inaccessible grain. Furthermore, compared to the dim keylight, the bright keylight greatly suppressed key pecking when paired with inaccessible grain, and reduced the rate of key pecking when paired with accessible grain. Little key pecking occurred in groups exposed to explicitly unpaired presentations of keylight (whether bright or dim) and grain (whether accessible or inaccessible). When the birds in Experiment III were retested with explicitly paired presentations of keylight and grain, little key pecking was observed, suggesting suppressive effects of prior explicitly unpaired presentations. It is suggested that the effects of key-brightness manipulation were produced by the association of grain with cues other than the response key, or by distraction produced by partial illumination of the grain hopper. |
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0022-5002 |
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Notes |
PMID:16811840 |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
273 |
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Author |
Sivak, J.G.; Allen, D.B. |
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Title |
An evaluation of the “ramp” retina of the horse eye |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Vision Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vision Res |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1353-1356 |
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Keywords |
Accommodation, Ocular; Animals; Aqueous Humor/physiology; Cornea/physiology; Freezing; Horses/*anatomy & histology; Lens, Crystalline/anatomy & histology/physiology; Refraction, Ocular; Retina/*anatomy & histology; Vitreous Body/physiology |
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Using a rapid freezing and sectioning technique, the distance between the lens and retina of the horse eye was measured. There is no indication of a ramp retina that could serve accommodation. The pupil axis of the eye coincides with the maximum lens to retina distance. The changes in the lens-retina distance are greater below the axis than above it. Calculations were made of refractive power of the horse eye from measurements of curvature and refractive indices of the ocular tissues. These calculations agree both qualitatively and quantitatively with retinoscopic measurements on live horses. Both show that the refractive state shifts in the direction of hyperopia above and below the axis and that this shift is greater below the axis than above it. Some dynamic accommodative ability in the living eye was observed. |
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0042-6989 |
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Notes |
PMID:1210017 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3647 |
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Author |
Douglas Rh, G.O. |
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Title |
Development of the equine fetus and placenta |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fert (Suppl) |
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23 |
Issue |
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Pages |
495-498 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1023 |
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Author |
Imesh Gd, S.G. |
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Title |
Gross and microscopic observations of ovarian abnormalities from five Burchell's zebra |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
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Onderstepoort J vet Res |
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42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
109-116 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1213 |
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Author |
Klingel, H. |
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Title |
Social organization and reproduction in equids |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
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23 |
Pages |
7-11 |
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Animals; Behavior, Animal; Female; Male; Perissodactyla/*physiology; Reproduction; *Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; Territoriality |
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Abstract |
There are two distinct types of social organization and, accordingly, two types of mating systems in equids. In the horse, Plains zebra and Mountain zebra, the adults live in non-territorial and cohesive one-male groups and in stallion groups. The family stallions have exclusive mating rights which are respected by all others. In Grevy's zebra and in the African and Asiatic wild asses, the stallions are permanently territorial and have exclusive mating rights within their territories. Ecological and evolutionary aspects are discussed. |
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0449-3087 |
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Notes |
PMID:1060868 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2303 |
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Author |
Welsh Da, |
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Title |
Population, behavioural, and grazing ecology of the Sable Island, Nova Scotia. |
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Manuscript |
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Year |
1975 |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Dalhousie University |
Place of Publication |
Halifax |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1702 |
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