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Author | Pere, M.C. | ||||
Title | Maternal and fetal blood levels of glucose, lactate, fructose, and insulin in the conscious pig | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of Animal Science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Anim Sci. |
Volume | 73 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 2994-2999 |
Keywords | Animals; Blood Glucose/*analysis; Catheterization/methods/veterinary; Consciousness/physiology; Female; Fetal Blood/*chemistry; Fructose/analysis/*blood; Insulin/analysis/*blood; Lactates/analysis/*blood; Pregnancy; Swine/*blood/physiology | ||||
Abstract | To study nutrition and metabolism in the fetal pig, a chronic catheterization method was developed that allows blood sampling in arteries and veins, at both the umbilical and uterine sources, in the conscious, unstressed animal. A catheter was inserted in the fetal aorta through a femoral artery, and another one was introduced in the umbilical vein. A catheter was put in a femoral artery of the sow so that its end was in the abdominal aorta. A fourth catheter was placed in a uterine vein draining the fetoplacental unit studied. This procedure was applied to 18 Large White primiparous sows at 99 d of gestation. Blood samples were drawn simultaneously using the four catheters before a meal at 103 d of pregnancy, and glucose, insulin, lactate, and fructose were determinated. Glycemia was 2.5 times higher in the sow than in the fetus. The extraction coefficient of glucose by the fetus amounted to 14% of the umbilical supply. The insulin level in the fetal pig was very low ( < 5 microU/mL). Lactate and fructose seemed to originate from the placenta. Blood lactate was 2.6 times lower in the sow than in the fetus, and its extraction coefficient by the fetus amounted to 8%. Fructose in the fetal blood was 2.3 times higher than that of glucose. Fructose was not utilized by the pig fetus. The present results obtained in the fetal pig are comparable to the conclusions drawn from studies with other species. | ||||
Address | Station de Recherches Porcines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Saint-Gilles, France | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0021-8812 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | PMID:8617670 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2751 | ||
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Author | Hoglund, J.; Alatalo, R.V.; Gibson, R.M.; Lundberg, A. | ||||
Title | Mate-choice copying in black grouse | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
Volume | 49 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1627-1633 |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Serial | 1817 | |||
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Author | McGreevy, P.D.; Cripps, P.J.; French, N.P.; Green, L.E.; Nicol, C.J. | ||||
Title | Management factors associated with stereotypic and redirected behaviour in the thoroughbred horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Equine veterinary journal | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet J |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 86-91 |
Keywords | Animal Husbandry/*methods; Animals; Horse Diseases/psychology/*therapy; Horses; Risk Factors; *Stereotyped Behavior; Time Factors | ||||
Abstract | A greater knowledge of the effect of management factors is required to investigate the ontogeny of abnormal behaviour in the stabled horse. A postal survey of racehorse (flat) trainers yielded information about 22 yard and management factors. The relationship of the factors to the prevalence of abnormal behaviour was analysed by logistic regression. Management factors related to the time spent in the stable showed the strongest associations with stereotypic behaviour. The risk of horses performing abnormal behaviour increased: 1) as the amount of forage fell below 6.8 kg/day, 2) when bedding types other than straw were used, 3) when the total number of horses on the yard was fewer than 75, 4) in association with box designs that minimised contact between neighbouring horses, 5) when hay, rather than other types of forage, was used. | ||||
Address | Department of Animal Health and Husbandry, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, UK | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0425-1644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | PMID:7607155 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 91 | ||
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Author | Griebenow, K.; Klibanov, A.M. | ||||
Title | Lyophilization-induced reversible changes in the secondary structure of proteins | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 92 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 10969-10976 |
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Abstract | Changes in the secondary structure of some dozen different proteins upon lyophilization of their aqueous solutions have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the amide III band region. Dehydration markedly (but reversibly) alters the secondary structure of all the proteins studied, as revealed by both the quantitative analysis of the second derivative spectra and the Gaussian curve fitting of the original infrared spectra. Lyophilization substantially increases the beta-sheet content and lowers the alpha-helix content of all proteins. In all but one case, proteins become more ordered upon lyophilization. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6519 | ||
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Author | Houpt, K.A. | ||||
Title | Learning in horses. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | The thinking horse. | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 12-17 | ||
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Publisher | Equine Research Centre | Place of Publication | Guelph, Canada | Editor | |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3585 | ||
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Author | Barnes, H.G.; Tucker, R.L.; Grant, B.D.; Roberts, G.D.; Prades, M. | ||||
Title | Lag screw stabilization of a cervical vertebral fracture by use of computed tomography in a horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association | Abbreviated Journal | J Am Vet Med Assoc |
Volume | 206 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 221-223 |
Keywords | Animals; Bone Screws/*veterinary; Cervical Vertebrae/*injuries/surgery; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods/*veterinary; Horses/*injuries/surgery; Male; Spinal Fractures/surgery/*veterinary; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary | ||||
Abstract | A traumatic fracture of C2 was diagnosed radiographically in a 1-year-old German Warm-blood stallion. Fracture configuration was difficult to see on survey radiographs. Computed tomography yielded a more accurate assessment of the fracture and facilitated fracture repair with cortical lag screws. Precise screw placement, to avoid spinal cord damage, was obtained by use of computed tomography. Follow-up radiography revealed normal bone healing, and the horse was in dressage schooling 24 months after surgery. | ||||
Address | Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6610 | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0003-1488 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | PMID:7751226 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3744 | ||
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Author | Heyes, C.M. | ||||
Title | Imitation and flattery: a reply to Byrne & Tomasello | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
Volume | 50 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1421-1424 |
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 593 | ||
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Author | Miller, R.M. | ||||
Title | How the dominance hierarchy is determined: The body language of the horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of Equine Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 15 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 514-515 |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4306 | ||
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Author | Hampton, R.R.; Sherry, D.F.; Shettleworth, S.J.; Khurgel, M.; Ivy, G. | ||||
Title | Hippocampal volume and food-storing behavior are related in parids | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | Brain, behavior and evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Brain Behav Evol |
Volume | 45 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 54-61 |
Keywords | Animals; Appetitive Behavior/*physiology; Birds/*anatomy & histology; Brain Mapping; Evolution; Food Preferences/physiology; Hippocampus/*anatomy & histology; Mental Recall/*physiology; Orientation/*physiology; Predatory Behavior/physiology; Social Environment; Species Specificity | ||||
Abstract | The size of the hippocampus has been previously shown to reflect species differences and sex differences in reliance on spatial memory to locate ecologically important resources, such as food and mates. Black-capped chickadees (Parus atricapillus) cached more food than did either Mexican chickadees (P. sclateri) or bridled titmice (P. wollweberi) in two tests of food storing, one conducted in an aviary and another in smaller home cages. Black-capped chickadees were also found to have a larger hippocampus, relative to the size of the telencephalon, than the other two species. Differences in the frequency of food storing behavior among the three species have probably produced differences in the use of hippocampus-dependent memory and spatial information processing to recover stored food, resulting in graded selection for size of the hippocampus. | ||||
Address | Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0006-8977 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | PMID:7866771 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 379 | ||
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Author | Ben-Shahar, R. | ||||
Title | Habitat classification in relation to movements and densities of ungulates in a semi-arid savanna | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1995 | Publication | African Journal of Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Afr. J. Ecol. |
Volume | 33 | Issue | Pages | 50-63 | |
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Abstract | Habitat types were classified in a semi-arid nature reserve in South Africa in order to assess the spatial requirements of resident ungulates, namely zebra, wildebeest and impala. Multivariate analyses showed patterns of soil factors and plant species associations that corresponded with variations of local geological formations and the abundance of plants. The response of ungulates to habitats of different degrees of complexity in terms of soils and plant species associations was examined on the basis of annual occurrence. New habitat types were described through merging or subdividing the existing classification. New habitat categories which corresponded with high occurrences of ungulates provided better indications of the resource requirements for large herbivores. Wildebeest were restricted in their habitat requirements and were characterized by high seasonal densities in bottom lands, particularly during the late wet period. There was a considerable overlap in the preference of habitat types between wildebeest and zebra although zebra were aggregated during longer periods within the dolerite formation. Impala had a consistent annual preference for the granite formation where seepage lines and bottom lands were inhabited seasonally by large herd concentrations. Résumé On a classifié les types d'habitat dans une réserve naturelle semiaride d'Afrique du Sud, dans le but d'évaluer les exigences spatiales des ongulés qui y vivent, c'est à dire les zèbres, les gnous et les impalas. Des analyses multivariées ont révélé des schémas pour les facteurs du sol et pour les associations d'espèces végétales qui correspondent aux variations des formations géologiques locales et à l'abon-dance des plantes. On a examiné la réponse des ongulés à des habitats de complexité différente en termes de sols et d'associations d'espéces végétales, d'après leur présence annuelle. On a décrit de nouveaux types d'habitats en fusionnant ou en subdivisant la classification existante. Les nouvelles catégories d'habitats qui correspondaient à des présences abondantes d'ongulés ont fourni de meilleures indications sur les ressources exigées par les grands herbivores. Les gnous se limitaient aux endroits qui répondaient a leurs exigences et se caractérisaient par de hautes densités saisonnières dans les régions basses, spécialement pendant la dernière saison des pluies. Il y avait un recouvrement considérable des types d'habitats préferés par les gnous et les zébres, encore que les zébres se rassemblent plus longtemps dans la formation doléritique. Les impalas marquent une préférence annuelle constante pour la formation granitique où les sources et les terres basses sont occupées de façon saisonnière par des hardes très concentrées. |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2227 | ||
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