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Author Stock, K.F.; Hamann, H.; Distl, O. doi  openurl
  Title Factors associated with the prevalence of osseous fragments in the limb joints of Hanoverian Warmblood horses Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication (down) Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997) Abbreviated Journal Vet J  
  Volume 171 Issue 1 Pages 147-156  
  Keywords Animals; Body Weight/physiology; Female; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/genetics/*radiography; Horses; Joint Diseases/epidemiology/genetics/radiography/*veterinary; Male; Pedigree; Prevalence  
  Abstract Factors associated with the prevalence of osseous fragments (OF) in fetlock and hock joints were investigated in a population of young Hanoverian Warmblood horses selected for sale at auction from 1991 to 1998. The study was based on results of a standardized radiological examination of 3127 horses. The prevalences of OF in the two joints were significantly dependent on the date, type and quality of the auction, the region of origin and on the anticipated suitability of the horses for dressage and/or show-jumping. The probability of finding OF increased with wither-height. Furthermore, there was a significant association of the individual sire with the prevalence of OF in both fetlock and hock joints, and of the maternal grandsire with the prevalence of OF in the hock joints. Consequently, both non-genetic and genetic parameters should be taken into account in order to reduce the prevalence of OF in young Warmblood riding horses.  
  Address Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany. kathrin-friederike.stock@tiho-hannover.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1090-0233 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16427591 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3712  
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Author Golland, L.C.; Evans, D.L.; McGowan, C.M.; Hodgson, D.R.; Rose, R.J. openurl 
  Title The effects of overtraining on blood volumes in standardbred racehorses Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication (down) Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997) Abbreviated Journal Vet J  
  Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 228-233  
  Keywords Animals; *Blood Volume; Erythrocytes/*physiology; Hematocrit/veterinary; Horse Diseases/etiology/*physiopathology; Horses; Male; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Physical Endurance  
  Abstract Red blood cell hypervolaemia has been used for diagnosis of overtraining in racehorses, and has been suggested as a mechanism of this cause of loss of racing performance. The effects of overload training (OLT) on the plasma, blood and red cell volumes were investigated in a prospective study in 12 Standardbred horses. Measurements of blood volumes were made after eight and 32 weeks of an exercise training study. Horses were randomly allocated to OLT and control groups (n=6) after 16 weeks of training. Training duration and intensity were increased more rapidly for the OLT group from week 16, until overtraining was diagnosed in week 32.There were no significant effects of OLT on plasma, blood or total red cell volumes between weeks eight and 32. These volumes significantly decreased with time. Maximal haematocrit after exercise was lower (P<0.05) in the OT group in week 32 (0.57+/-0.003% L/L) than in week eight (0.59+/-0.004 L/L). It was concluded that red cell hypervolaemia was not a mechanism for the decrease in capacity for exercise that occurs with overtraining.  
  Address Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1090-0233 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:12672368 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4045  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Schnabel, C.L.; Babasyan, S.; Freer, H.; Wagner, B. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Quantification of equine immunoglobulin A in serum and secretions by a fluorescent bead-based assay Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication (down) Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 188 Issue Pages 12-20  
  Keywords Horse; Immunoglobulin A; Monoclonal antibody; Fluorescent bead-based assay; Mucosal secretion  
  Abstract Abstract Only few quantitative reports exist about the concentrations and induction of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in mucosal secretions of horses. Despite this, it is widely assumed that IgA is the predominant immunoglobulin on mucosal surfaces in the horse. Here, two new monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against equine IgA, clones 84-1 and 161-1, were developed and characterized in detail. Both IgA mAbs specifically bound monomeric and dimeric equine IgA in different applications, such as Western blots and fluorescent bead-based assays. Cross-reactivity with other equine immunoglobulin isotypes was not observed. The new IgA mAb 84-1 was used in combination with the previously characterized anti-equine IgA mAb BVS2 for the development and validation of a fluorescent bead-based assay to quantify total IgA in equine serum and various secretions. The IgA assay's linear detection ranged from 64 pg/ml to 1000 ng/ml. For the quantification of IgA in serum or in secretions an IgA standard was purified from serum or nasal wash fluid (secretory IgA), respectively. The different standards were needed for accurate IgA quantification in the respective samples taking the different signal intensities of monomeric and dimeric IgA on the florescent bead-based assay into account. IgA was quantified by the bead-based assay established here in different equine samples of healthy adult individuals. In serum the median total IgA was 0.45 mg/ml for Thoroughbred horses (TB, n = 10) and 1.16 mg/ml in Icelandic horses (ICH, n = 12). In nasopharyngeal secretions of TB (n = 7) 0.13 mg/ml median total IgA was measured, and 0.25 mg/ml for ICH (n = 12). Saliva of ICH (n = 6) contained a median of 0.15 mg/ml, colostrum of Warmbloods (n = 8) a median of 1.89 mg/ml IgA. Compared to IgG1 and IgG4/7 quantified in the same samples, IgA appeared as the major immunoglobulin isotype in nasopharyngeal secretions and saliva while it is a minor isotype in serum and colostrum. The newly developed monoclonal antibodies against equine IgA and the resulting bead-based assay for quantification of total IgA can notably improve the evaluation of mucosal immunity in horses.  
  Address  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0165-2427 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6152  
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Author Spadavecchia, C.; Arendt-Nielsen, L.; Spadavecchia, L.; Mosing, M.; Auer, U.; van den Hoven, R. doi  openurl
  Title Effects of butorphanol on the withdrawal reflex using threshold, suprathreshold and repeated subthreshold electrical stimuli in conscious horses Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication (down) Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia Abbreviated Journal Vet Anaesth Analg  
  Volume 34 Issue 1 Pages 48-58  
  Keywords Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology; Animals; Butorphanol/*pharmacology; Consciousness; Electric Stimulation; Electromyography; Female; Forelimb/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Male; Pain/veterinary; Pain Threshold/*drug effects; Reflex/*drug effects  
  Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a single intravenous dose of butorphanol (0.1 mg kg(-1)) on the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) using threshold, suprathreshold and repeated subthreshold electrical stimuli in conscious horses. STUDY DESIGN: 'Unblinded', prospective experimental study. ANIMALS: Ten adult horses, five geldings and five mares, mean body mass 517 kg (range 487-569 kg). METHODS: The NWR was elicited using single transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the palmar digital nerve. Repeated stimulations were applied to evoke temporal summation. Surface electromyography was performed to record and quantify the responses of the common digital extensor muscle to stimulation and behavioural reactions were scored. Before butorphanol administration and at fixed time points up to 2 hours after injection, baseline threshold intensities for NWR and temporal summation were defined and single suprathreshold stimulations applied. Friedman repeated-measures analysis of variance on ranks and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used with the Student-Newman-Keul's method applied post-hoc. The level of significance (alpha) was set at 0.05. RESULTS: Butorphanol did not modify either the thresholds for NWR and temporal summation or the reaction scores, but the difference between suprathreshold and threshold reflex amplitudes was reduced when single stimulation was applied. Upon repeated stimulation after butorphanol administration, a significant decrease in the relative amplitude was calculated for both the 30-80 and the 80-200 millisecond intervals after each stimulus, and for the whole post-stimulation interval in the right thoracic limb. In the left thoracic limb a decrease in the relative amplitude was found only in the 30-80 millisecond epoch. CONCLUSION: Butorphanol at 0.1 mg kg(-1) has no direct action on spinal Adelta nociceptive activity but may have some supraspinal effects that reduce the gain of the nociceptive system. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Butorphanol has minimal effect on sharp immediate Adelta-mediated pain but may alter spinal processing and decrease the delayed sensations of pain.  
  Address Anesthesiology Section, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland. claudia.spadavecchia@veths.no  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1467-2987 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17238962 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 92  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Makarov, V.V.; Bakulov, I.A. openurl 
  Title [Zoopathogenic arboviruses, their systematics and ecology] Type Journal Article
  Year 1975 Publication (down) Veterinariia Abbreviated Journal Veterinariia  
  Volume Issue 11 Pages 39-41  
  Keywords Animals; Arboviruses/*classification/pathogenicity; Cattle; Deer; Ecology; Horses; Insect Vectors; Sheep; Swine; Turkeys; Viruses/*classification/pathogenicity  
  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Language Russian Summary Language Original Title Zoopatogennye arbovirusy--sistematika i ekologiia  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0042-4846 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:814685 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2703  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ward, M.P.; Ramsay, B.H.; Gallo, K. doi  openurl
  Title Rural cases of equine West Nile virus encephalomyelitis and the normalized difference vegetation index Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication (down) Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis  
  Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 181-188  
  Keywords Animals; Biomass; Cluster Analysis; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary; Ecology; *Geographic Information Systems; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology; Horses; Indiana/epidemiology; Plants; Population Surveillance; Rural Health; Seasons; Topography, Medical/*methods; West Nile Fever/epidemiology/*veterinary  
  Abstract Data from an outbreak (August to October, 2002) of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis in a population of horses located in northern Indiana was scanned for clusters in time and space. One significant (p = 0.04) cluster of case premises was detected, occurring between September 4 and 10 in the south-west part of the study area (85.70 degrees N, 45.50 degrees W). It included 10 case premises (3.67 case premises expected) within a radius of 2264 m. Image data were acquired by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor onboard a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar-orbiting satellite. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from visible and near-infrared data of daily observations, which were composited to produce a weekly-1km(2) resolution raster image product. During the epidemic, a significant (p < 0.01) decrease (0.025 per week) in estimated NDVI was observed at all case and control premise sites. The median estimated NDVI (0.659) for case premises within the cluster identified was significantly (p < 0.01) greater than the median estimated NDVI for other case (0.571) and control (0.596) premises during the same period. The difference in median estimated NDVI for case premises within this cluster, compared to cases not included in this cluster, was greatest (5.3% and 5.1%, respectively) at 1 and 5 weeks preceding occurrence of the cluster. The NDVI may be useful for identifying foci of WNV transmission.  
  Address Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. mward@cvm.tamu.edu  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1530-3667 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16011435 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2627  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Wilson, R.T. doi  openurl
  Title Biodiversity of Domestic Livestock in the Republic of Yemen Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication (down) Tropical Animal Health and Production Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 27-46  
  Keywords Abstract This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop-livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need.  
  Abstract Abstract This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop-livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need.  
  Address  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4389  
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Author Bertram, D.S. openurl 
  Title Mosquitoes of British Honduras, with some comments on malaria, and on arbovirus antibodies in man and equines Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication (down) Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Abbreviated Journal Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg  
  Volume 65 Issue 6 Pages 742-762  
  Keywords Aedes; Animals; Anopheles; Antibodies/*analysis; Arbovirus Infections/*epidemiology/immunology/veterinary; Belize; Culex; *Culicidae/classification; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/immunology; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/immunology; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors; Malaria/*epidemiology; Neutralization Tests; Seasons  
  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0035-9203 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4400502 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2732  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Westerduin, F.E.; Lankveld, D.P.K.; van der Velden, M.A.; Back, W.; Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, M.M. openurl 
  Title [Splenectomy in a dressage pony: end of sports career?] Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication (down) Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde Abbreviated Journal Tijdschr Diergeneeskd  
  Volume 128 Issue 13 Pages 406-411  
  Keywords Animals; Biopsy/veterinary; Colic/surgery/veterinary; Horse Diseases/pathology/*surgery/ultrasonography; Horses; Laparotomy/veterinary; Male; Splenectomy/*veterinary; Splenomegaly/surgery/ultrasonography/*veterinary; *Sports  
  Abstract A 14-year-old Arabian cross-bred gelding was referred to the University Clinic because of mild, recurrent signs of colic for 5 days. The pony showed icteric mucous membranes, haemolytic blood, and dark coloured urine. Internal examination did not give a clear diagnosis. Unidentified intra-abdominal strands were found and haemorrhagic abdominocentesis led to the decision to perform an exploratory laparatomy. An extremely enlarged spleen was the sole finding. A splenal biopsy sample was taken and surgery was completed. The pony remained colicky, so the spleen was examined by ultrasonography. After this examination, the tentative diagnosis 'tumour of the spleen' was made and splenectomy was performed. Pathological examination of the spleen revealed splenomegaly caused by infarctions of unknown origin. Eight weeks after surgery, the pony started again in dressage competition. Six months after splenectomy, the pony won the provincial dressage competition.  
  Address Hoofdafdeling Gezondheidszorg Paard, Faculteit der Diergeneeskunde, Universiteit Utrecht, Yalelaan 12-16, 3584 CM Utrecht. fenna-lambert@planet.nl  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Dutch Summary Language Original Title Splenectomie bij een dressuurpony: einde sportcarriere?  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0040-7453 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:12870176 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3722  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Boissevain, I. openurl 
  Title [Animal and human rights in installments] Type
  Year 2007 Publication (down) Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde Abbreviated Journal Tijdschr Diergeneeskd  
  Volume 132 Issue 4 Pages 132  
  Keywords Animals; Clinical Competence/*standards; Horse Diseases/*diagnosis; Horses; Humans; Netherlands; Time Factors; Veterinary Medicine/*methods/*standards  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Dutch Summary Language Original Title Dierenrechten en mensenrechten in termijnen  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0040-7453 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17366876 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4018  
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