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Author |
Schmidt, D. |
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Title |
Information Resources in Animal Behavior |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Science & Technology Libraries |
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12 |
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1 |
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69-83 |
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Abstract |
The study of animal behavior has been around for many years, but it is divided into several fields which often do not communicate well. These fields of study include (but are not limited to) comparative psychology, ethology, behavioral ecology, and sociobiology. Comparative psychology is more isolated than the other three fields, which share a common biological/evolutionary background. This paper gives a brief background of the four main fields of animal behavior research, along with a list of sources, both specialized and interdisciplinary. |
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Routledge |
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0194-262x |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4725 |
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Author |
Wall, D.L.; Topliff, D.R.; Freeman, D.W.; Wagner, D.G.; Breazile, J.W.; Stutz, W.A. |
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Title |
Effect of dietary cation-anion balance on urinary mineral excretion in exercised horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
168-171 |
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Abstract |
Summary Four mares and four geldings of Quarter Horse and Thoroughbred breeding were used in two simultaneous 4x4 Latin square experiments to study the effects of dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB), defined as meq ((Na+K)-C1)/kg dry matter, on urinary pH and mineral excretion in exercised horses. Diets consisted of a pelleted concentrate of corn, soybean meal and cottonseed hulls fed with bermudagrass hay. Treatments with DCAB of +5 (Low, L), +107 (Medium Low, ML), +201 (Medium High, MH) and +327 (High, H), meq ((Na+K)-Cl)/kg dry matter were formed by supplementing diet L with calcium chloride and ammonium chloride, diet ML with calcium chloride and diet H with sodium bicarbonate and potassium citrate (Table 1). Diet MH was not supplemented and served as the control treatment. Horses were conditioned aerobically for 6 weeks using long, slow, distance (LSD) workouts. During the experimental periods, horses were subjected to a combined exercise regimen alternating LSD with an interval-training protocol 6 days/week. There was a significant (P<.01) treatment effect on urine pH; least squares means for L, ML, MH and H were 6.73, 7.17, 7.38, and 7.92. Horses consuming diet L excreted more calcium in the urine (P<.05) than those consuming MH or H. Least squares means for daily urine calcium excretion tended to be linear across treatments and ranged from 19.66 g/day for diet L to 9.12 g/day for diet H. Urinary chloride excretion was higher (P<.05) for L than for MH or H. Horses fed diet H excreted more sodium (P<.05) in urine than horses fed the other diets. Lowering DCAB, increases urinary calcium loss; depending on the level of calcium intake, this could lead to negative calcium balance in exercising horses. |
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0737-0806 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4833 |
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Stutz, W.A.; Topliff, D.R.; Freeman, D.W.; Tucker, W.B.; Breazile, J.W.; Wall, D.L. |
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Title |
Effects of dietary cation-anion balance on blood parameters in exercising horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
164-167 |
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Summary Four geldings and four mares of primarily Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse breeding were used in simultaneous 4x4 Latin square experiments to test the effects of dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB), defined as meq ((Na+K)-C1)/kg diet dry matter, on blood pH, blood gases, acid-base status and plasma glucose in horses at rest and following anaerobic exercise. Four diets, consisting of a base concentrate of corn, soybean meal and cottonseed hulls fed in a 60:40 ratio with Bermudagrass hay, were formulated to provide a DCAB of 5 (L=Low), 107 (ML=Medium Low), 201 (MH=Medium High) and 327 (H=High) meq ((Na+K)-C1)/kg diet dry matter. Calcium chloride and ammonium chloride were added to treatment L and ML and sodium bicarbonate and potassium citrate were added to treatment H to achieve the desired cation-anion balance. Treatment MH was not supplemented and served as the control treatment. Prior to the experiment, horses performed six weeks of long, slow, distance (LSD) work. During the experimental periods, horses were subjected to an exercise regimen alternating LSD with an interval training protocol 6 days/week. Venous blood pH, pCO2 and bicarbonate levels were significantly lower in horses at rest consuming diet L versus diets MH and H. Blood pH and acid-base parameters decreased with decreasing DCAB. There were no significant differences in blood pH or acid-base parameters between treatments, after anaerobic exercise. Plasma glucose concentrations for treatment L were significantly lower than treatment H at 10, 20, and 30 minutes post-exercise. These data suggest that DCAB has significant effect on acid-base status and indicate that horses consuming diets with low DCAB may experience a metabolic acidosis. |
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0737-0806 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4834 |
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Author |
de Waal, F. B. M. |
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Title |
Coalitions as part of reciprocal relations in the Arnhem chimpanzee colony |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Coalitions and Alliances in Humans and Other Animals |
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233-257 |
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Oxford University Press |
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Oxford |
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Harcourt, A.H.; de Waal, F.B.M. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4877 |
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Author |
Ehardt, C.L.; Bernstein, I.S. |
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Title |
Conflict intervention behaviour by adult male macaques: structural and functional aspects |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Coalitions and Alliances in Humans and Other Animals |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
83-111 |
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Oxford University Press |
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Oxford |
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Harcourt, A.H.; de Waal, F.B.M. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4926 |
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Author |
Schneider, K. |
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Title |
Emotionen |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Allgemeine Psychologie |
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Verlag Hans Huber |
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Bern |
Editor |
Spada Hans |
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3456823029 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5070 |
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Author |
Lamprecht, J. |
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Title |
Variable Leadership in Bar-Headed Geese (Anser Indicus) : an Analysis of Pair and Family Departures |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
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Volume |
122 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
105-119 |
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This paper reports quantitative leadership differences in semi-captive bar-headed geese (Anser indicus) at different times of the year, and in different types of groups. Leading is defined here as causing the departure or determining the direction of movement of the whole group. No permanent and exclusive leader of a pair or family group was found, rather relative leading frequencies of male, female and young showed a definite shifting pattern. Females led more often than their mates prior to breeding, and on nest pauses during the incubation period, but less often in summer, autumn and early winter. In families there was no difference between the frequencies of male and female leading. Family females led relatively more often than those of pairs without offspring. This difference was related to the presence, not the number, of young. Goslings led the family about as often as the parents during the rearing period in early summer, less often in autumn, winter and next spring. Such differences and changes are to be expected where competence in particular tasks and dependence on partners vary between group members, and where different situations require different abilities. For the geese, the results can be related to the different options of group members and to the different benefits they derive from leaving (or 'staying put') or following (or waiting for the others) in different situations. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5128 |
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Author |
Krause, J.; Bumann, D.; Todt, D. |
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Title |
Relationship between the position preference and nutritional state of individuals in schools of juvenile roach (Rutilus rutilus) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
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30 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
177-180 |
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Position preferences of well-fed and food-deprived juvenile roach were investigated in schools of 2 and 4 fish in the laboratory. Food-deprived fish appeared significantly more often in the front position than their well-fed conspecifics. For fish at the same hunger level, individuals at the front of the school had the highest feeding rate. These results represent the first evidence for a relationship between the nutritional state of individual fish and their positions in a school and suggest a functional advantage of the preference. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5140 |
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Zabel, C. J.; Glickman, S. E.; Frank, L. G.; Woodmansee, K. B.; Keppel, G. |
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Title |
Coalition formation in a colony of prepubertal spotted hyaenas |
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1992 |
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Coalitions and Alliances in Humans and Other Animals |
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113–135 |
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Oxford University Press |
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Oxford |
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Harcourt, A.H.; de Waal, F.B.M. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5232 |
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Author |
Silk, J. B. |
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Title |
Patterns of intervention in agonistic contests among male bonnet macaques |
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Book Chapter |
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1992 |
Publication |
Coalitions and Alliances in Humans and Other Animals |
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215-232 |
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Oxford University Press |
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Oxford |
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Harcourt, A.H., and de Waal, F.B.M. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5234 |
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