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Records |
Links |
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Author |
Altmann, H.J.; Hertel, J.; Drepper, K. |
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Title |
[Nutritional physiology of the horse. 3. Protein values in the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd |
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| |
Volume |
26 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
245-252 |
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Keywords |
Amino Acids/*analysis/biosynthesis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/analysis |
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Address |
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Language  |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Erhnahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. 3. Untersuchungen uber die Proteinwertigkeit im Magendarmtrakt von Schlachtpferen |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0044-3565 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:5519259 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
135 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hertel, J.; Altmann, H.J.; Drepper, K. |
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Title |
[Nutritional physiology studies of the horse. II. Raw nutrient studies of the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd |
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| |
Volume |
26 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
169-174 |
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Keywords |
Animal Feed/*analysis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Digestive System/*analysis; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/metabolism; Lipid Metabolism; Proteins/metabolism; Stomach/metabolism |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Ernahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. II. Rohnahrstoffuntersuchungen im Magen-Darm-Trakt von Schlachtpferden |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0044-3565 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:5516852 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
136 |
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Author |
Zeitler-Feicht, M.H. |
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Title |
[Critical consideration of the “Guideline for the Evaluation of Raising Horses” and keeping horses outside in the winter] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr |
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Volume |
111 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
120-123 |
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Keywords |
Animal Feed/standards; Animal Husbandry/legislation & jurisprudence/methods/*standards; *Animal Welfare/legislation & jurisprudence; Animals; Cold; Female; Germany; Guidelines/*standards; Horses/*physiology; Housing, Animal/legislation & jurisprudence/*standards; Legislation, Veterinary; Male; Seasons |
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Abstract |
The guidelines of the Federal Ministry of User Protection, Nutrition and Agriculture (BMVEL) regarding “horse keeping with respect to animal welfare” are from 1995 (BMELF, 1995). Therefore, they are not suitable for modern horse keeping. The Veterinary Association for Animal Welfare (TVT) held it to be necessary to rework the guide-lines in light of 1) many subsequent investigations concerning horse keeping, and 2) the species-specific needs of horses in practice. Each chapter of the BMELF (1995) guide-lines was revised such that the literature and practical experiences were updated. Several chapters (recumbency resting behaviour, fences, underground outdoor and in stables, litter) were added in the position paper of the TVT to reflect the increasing use of boxes with paddocks, loose housing systems with open yards, pasture and winter yards as housing conditions. Keeping horses outdoors permanently during winter is possible because horses have very good thermoregulatory capabilities so that they are able to adapt themselves to cold conditions. However, in light of animal welfare, the holding system must include adequate shelter (natural or artificial). Shelters should protect against wetness, heat, cold and wind, and must be sufficiently large and high, with a dry and clean underground. In keeping horses outdoors permanently, the paths to the feeding and watering areas and to the shelter must be dry. The food must also be protected against mould and soiling. Keeping horses permanently without adequate shelter or in deep marsh without any dry places is against the Animal Protection Act. |
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Address |
Lehrgebiet fur Tierhaltung und Verhaltenskunde, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan fur Ernahrung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Technische Universitat Munchen. Zeitler-Feicht@tz.agrar.tu-muenchen.de |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Kritische Betrachtung der “Leitlinien zur Beurteilung von Pferdehaltungen” und Winteraussenhaltung von Pferden |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0341-6593 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:15195962 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1900 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Zeeb, K. |
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Title |
[Possibilities for the all-year free-range raising of horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr |
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Volume |
101 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
122-123 |
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Keywords |
Animal Feed; *Animal Husbandry; Animal Welfare; Animals; Germany; Horses/*physiology; Housing, Animal; Seasons; Weather |
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Abstract |
The ethological concept concerning supply of needs an avoidance of damage is mentioned as a possibility for the evaluation of welfare aspects related to animal management. The 250 Dulmen horses kept on 300 ha by the Duke of Croy show what must be provided for horse-keeping in a semi-natural environment: Sufficient food and water, efficient shelter as well as adequate structures for the needs of horses concerning social and comfort behaviour. A catalogue of factors, functions and facilities for this kind of horse-keeping is presented. |
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Address |
Tierhygienischen Institut, Freiburg, Breisgau |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Moglichkeiten der ganzjahrigen Freilandhaltung von Pferden |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0341-6593 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:8205954 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
1941 |
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Author |
Elsaesser, F.; Klobasa, F.; Ellendorff, F. |
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Title |
ACTH stimulation test for the determination of salivary cortisol and of cortisol responses as markers of the training status/fitness of warm-blooded sports horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr |
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Volume |
108 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
31-36 |
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Keywords |
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*diagnostic use; Animals; Health; Horses/*physiology; Hydrocortisone/*analysis/*secretion; Male; Orchiectomy; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Running; Saliva/*chemistry; Walking |
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Abstract |
Previous work (Marc et al., 2000) suggested that plasma cortisol responses to treadmill exercise or ACTH injection are a reliable marker for performance evaluation in warmblood horses. For practical purposes blood sample collections and treadmill exercise tests are somewhat troublesome and time consuming. The goal of this study was thus to evaluate the use of saliva for cortisol determination (by direct EIA) as a marker for performance and to investigate the reliability and repeatability of plasma cortisol responses to a single i.v. injection of ACTH (50 micrograms or 250 micrograms). Furthermore, the effect of training horses for 8 weeks 3 times per week covering the same distance (increasing from 3.5 km during the first week to 8 km during the last week) either by trotting (approximately 240 m/min) or by cantering (375 m/min) was investigated. For this purpose initially ten four-year-old Hannovarian geldings, all reared in the same State stud, were used. Mean overall correlation between salivary cortisol and plasma cortisol concentrations was 0.64 when samples of various points of time were used. However, in spite of attempts to standardize saliva sample collection, correlation between salivary cortisol levels and plasma cortisol levels at distinct points of time in different tests were low and significant (r = 0.85, p < 0.02) only in one test. Thus, salivary cortisol measurements for diagnostic purposes are not reliable or useful. The repeatability of plasma cortisol responses to ACTH for untrained and trained horses were r = 0.86 and r = 0.8 respectively (p < or = 0.01 and p < or = 0.05 respectively). Training horses either by trotting or cantering did not affect the cortisol response either to treadmill exercise or to stimulation by ACTH. It is concluded that the relationship between salivary cortisol levels and plasma cortisol levels is not close enough to allow the use of salivary cortisol determination as marker of the training status/fitness of horses. The repeatability of the cortisol response to ACTH is similar to the cortisol response to treadmill exercise. Based on plasma cortisol responses to ACTH or treadmill exercise training horses by cantering at low speed is not superior to training by trotting for the fitness of horses. |
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Address |
Institut fur Tierzucht und Tierverhalten Mariensee (FAL), Holtystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt. elsaesser@tzv.fal.de |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
ACTH Stimulationstest und Bestimmung von Cortisol im Blut und Speichel zur Bewertung des Trainingszustands/der Kondition beim Warmblutpferd |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0341-6593 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:11232423 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4053 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Rapin, V.; Poncet, P.A.; Burger, D.; Mermod, C.; Richard, M.A. |
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Title |
[Measurement of the attention time in the horse] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd |
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Volume |
149 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
77-83 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; *Attention/physiology; Conditioning, Operant; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Horses/*physiology; Learning/*physiology; Male; Memory/*physiology; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
A study carried out on 49 horses showed that it is possible to measure the attention time by operant conditioning. After teaching horses an instrumental task using a signal, we were then able to test their attention time by asking them to prolong it increasingly while setting success and failure criteria. Two tests were performed 3 weeks apart. The 2nd test was feasible without relearning, a proof of memory, and was repeatable, a proof of consistency in the attention time. A significant difference was observed between the 3 age groups. Young horses often performed very well during the 1st test but their attention dropped in the 2nd test while older horses were more stable with respect to attention and even increased it slightly. The study shows that there are individual differences but it was not possible to prove a significant influence of breed, gender and paternal influence. Consequently, learning appears to be one of the most interesting approaches for evaluating the attention of horses and for observing their behaviour. |
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Address |
Laboratoire d'Ecoethologie, Universite de Neuchatel, Suisse. veronique.rapin@unine.ch |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
French |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Mesure de la duree d'attention chez le cheval |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0036-7281 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17343134 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1770 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ionita, J.C.; Poncet, P.A.; Doherr, M.G.; Steiger, A. |
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Title |
[Evaluation of the quality of husbandry of Franches-Montagnes horses in their breeding farms] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd |
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Volume |
148 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
191-197 |
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Keywords |
Animal Husbandry/methods/*standards/statistics & numerical data; *Animal Welfare; Animals; Breeding/*methods/standards; Female; Floors and Floorcoverings; Horses/*physiology; Housing, Animal/*standards; Male; Poaceae; Questionnaires; Social Behavior; Switzerland |
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Abstract |
The quality of husbandry of Franches-Montagnes horses (FM) in Switzerland is evaluated on the basis of an investigation carried out in 2002 by the Swiss FM breeding federation. Questionnaires were sent to 3500 of its members and the results include data from 968 breeding enterprises, housing a total of 3965 FM: 46.1% were breeding mares (61.0% with foal at foot), 26.5% young stock, 1.3% stallions and 26.0% non breeding stock (74.6% of which were pleasure horses and 25.4% working horses). 57.6% of the FM were housed in individual boxes with or without permanent outdoor access, 25.4% were hold in groups with or without permanent outdoor access, the remaining 17.0% were kept in standing stalls. 95.0% of the FM had at least visual contact with other equines and 99.2% had sufficient light in their stable. 88.1% were stabled on long stalk straw, while only 4.3% were bedded on other materials other than straw. The average time spent at pasture per horse and per week ranged from 96.5 +/- 51.6 hours in summer to 27.2 +/- 26.7 hours in winter. On average, a FM is used for 8.3 +/- 6.5 hours per week. Horses with an paddock at their disposal spend an average of 39.8 +/- 45.9 hours there per week. |
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Address |
Chirurgische Tierklinik, Universitat Leipzig |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
French |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Les conditions de detention des chevaux de race franches-montagnes dans leurs exploitations d'elevage |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0036-7281 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:16703760 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1872 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Poncet, P.A.; Ionita, J.C.; Doherr, M.G.; Steiger, A. |
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Title |
[The influence of the socio-economic structure of the breeding farms of Franches-Montagnes horses on the conditions of husbandry] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd |
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Volume |
148 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
183-189 |
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Keywords |
Altitude; Animal Husbandry/methods/*standards; Animals; Breeding/*economics/standards; Demography; Female; Horses/*physiology; Housing, Animal/*standards; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods/*physiology; Questionnaires; Social Behavior; Socioeconomic Factors; Switzerland |
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Abstract |
The socio-economic structure of the breeding farms of Franches-Montagnes horses (FM) in Switzerland is evaluated on the basis of an investigation carried out in 2002 by the Swiss FM breeding federation. Questionnaires were sent to 3500 of its members and the results include data from 968 breeding enterprises, housing a total of 3965 FM. The quality of the husbandry of FM varies according to factors such as the altitude and the geographical situation of the farms and studs. Socio-economic parameters, such as the role of FM in the business, their use (breeding, driving, riding) and the age and level of professional education of the owners may also have an effect on standards of husbandry. The results show that the owners for whom FM represent a source of income more frequently keep their horses in standing stalls, but give them more time to exercise at liberty than the horses belonging to amateur breeders. Younger and better educated breeders are more likely to house their animals in groups. |
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Address |
Haras national suisse, Avenches |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
French |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
L'influence de la structure socio-economique des exploitations d'elevage de chevaux de race franches-montagnes sur les conditions de detention |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0036-7281 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:16703759 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1873 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
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Title |
Why horse behaviour is important to the equine clinician |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
386-387 |
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Keywords |
Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control; Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal/physiology; Clinical Competence; Fear; Horses/*physiology; Humans; Veterinarians/psychology; Veterinary Medicine/*standards |
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Abstract |
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Address |
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401, USA |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0425-1644 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:16986596 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
30 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A.; Eggleston, A.; Kunkle, K.; Houpt, T.R. |
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Title |
Effect of water restriction on equine behaviour and physiology |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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| |
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
341-344 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Blood Proteins/analysis; Energy Intake; Female; Horse Diseases/physiopathology; Horses/*physiology; Osmolar Concentration; Pregnancy; Stress/veterinary; Video Recording; Water Deprivation/*physiology |
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Abstract |
Six pregnant mares were used to determine what level of water restriction causes physiological and/or behavioural changes indicative of stress. Nonlegume hay was fed ad libitum. During the first week of restriction, 5 l water/100 kg bwt was available, during the second week 4 l/100 kg bwt and, during the third week, 3 l/100 kg bwt. Ad libitum water intake was 6.9 l/100 kg bwt; at 3 l/100 kg bwt water intake was 42% of this. Daily hay intake fell significantly with increasing water restriction from 12.9 +/- 0.75 kg to 8.3 +/- 0.54 kg; bodyweight fell significantly for a total loss of 48.5 +/- 8.3 kg in 3 weeks. Daily blood samples were analysed; osmolality rose significantly with increasing water restriction from 282 +/- 0.7 mosmols/kg to 293.3 +/- 0.8 mosmols/kg bwt, but plasma protein and PCV did not change significantly. Cortisol concentrations fell from 8.1 ng/ml to 6.4 ng/ml over the 3 week period. Aldosterone fell from 211.3 +/- 74.2 pg/ml to 92.5 +/- 27.5 pg/ml at the end of the first week. The behaviour of 4 of the 6 mares was recorded 24 h/day for the duration of the study. The only significant difference was in time spent eating, which decreased with increasing water restriction from 46 +/- 3% to 30 +/- 3%. It is concluded that water restriction to 4 l/100 kg bwt dehydrates pregnant mares and may diminish their welfare, but is not life- or pregnancy-threatening. |
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Address |
Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401, USA |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0425-1644 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:10952384 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
32 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
