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Author Sasväri, L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Different Observational Learning Capacity in Juvenile and Adult Individuals of Congeneric Bird Species Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie Abbreviated Journal Z. Tierpsychol.  
  Volume 69 Issue 4 Pages 293-304  
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  Abstract Abstract and Summary: Since the adaptive significance of social organization is emphasized diversely in both anti-predator behaviour and food searching of birds, measures and comparisons of observational learning capacity of various species are needed. Four different experimental situations were built up for juvenile and adult individuals of tits (Parus major, P. caeruleus, P. palustris) and thrushes (Turdus merula, T. philo-melos). The birds learn more easily from conspecifics and learn easily when they already know a previous problem solving situation. The capacity of observational learning of the adult great tits surpasses that of adult blue tits and marsh tits, and that of the adult blackbirds exceeds that of the adult songthrushes. The higher performance of the great tit and blackbird can be related to their greater hemispheric index. The differences in the learning capacity of the naive individuals of the three tit species and that of the two thrush species were not significant. It is suggested, that the higher observational learning of the great tit and blackbird is evolved through maturational processes and can be reflected by their greater adaptability. Zusammenfassung: Lernen durch Nachahmung wurde in vier verschiedenen Situationen mit jungen und alten Individuen von Meisen- (Parus major, P. caeruleus, P. palustris) und Drosselarten (Turdus merula, T. philomelos) untersucht. Die Vögel lernten besser von Artgenossen und lernten leicht, wenn sie vorher bereits eine Problemlösungssituation kannten. Die Lernfähigkeit (durch Nachahmung) alter Kohlmeisen übertraf die alter Blau- und Sumpfmeisen; die Lernfähigkeit alter Amseln übertraf die alter Singdrosseln. Die höhere Leistung der Kohlmeisen und Amseln hängt mit ihrem höheren Hemisphären-Index zusammen. Naive Individuen der Meisen- und Drosselarten zeigten keine signifikanten Unterschiede in ihrer Lernfähigkeit. Es ist anzunehmen, daß die höhere Lernfähigkeit der Kohlmeise und der Amsel im Laufe der Entwicklung durch Reifungsprozesse zustande kommt und sich in ihrer höheren Anpassungsfähig-keit widerspiegelt.  
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  Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1439-0310 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6169  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Crowell-Davis, S.L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Nursing behaviour and maternal aggression among Welsh ponies (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl Anim Behav Sci  
  Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 11-25  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract Nursing behaviour and related aggression of mare-foal pairs was studied from birth (n = 21) to 24 weeks of age (n = 15) of the foal. Foals exhibited a decreasing length and frequency of nursing as they grew older. Mares rarely aggressed against their foals during nursing in the foal's first 4 weeks of life, but did so increasingly through Weeks 13-16, after which the rate of aggression during nursing decreased. Mares terminated nursing primarily by moving away, and were most likely to do so during the foal's first 4 weeks of life. They became gradually less likely to do so as the foal grew older. It was concluded that mares sometimes flex their hind limb on the side opposite the foal during nursing in order to conserve energy in a situation in which they would be remaining still anyway. There was no difference between colts and fillies in the frequency or duration of nursing or in the frequency with which their mothers aggressed against them or terminated nursing.  
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  ISSN 0168-1591 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6504  
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Author Eisenmann V, openurl 
  Title Quagga Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Mammoth Trumpet  
  Volume 2 Issue Pages  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1056  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Hoffmann R, openurl 
  Title On the development of scial behaviour in immature males of a feral horse population Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Z Säugetierk  
  Volume 50 Issue Pages 302-314  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1192  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Kolter L, openurl 
  Title Soziale Bezeihungen zwischen den Przewalskipferden im Kölner Zoo Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Z Kölner Zoo  
  Volume 28 Issue Pages 193-201  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1325  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lowenstein Jm, openurl 
  Title Half- striped quagga was a plains zebra Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal New Scientist  
  Volume 107 Issue Pages 27  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1351  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lowenstein Jm, openurl 
  Title The cry of the quagga Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Counterpoints in Science  
  Volume Issue Pages 40-42  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1352  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lowenstein Jm, R.O. openurl 
  Title Immunological systematics of the extinct quagga Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Experienta  
  Volume 41 Issue Pages 1192-1193  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1353  
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Author Panov En, Z.L. openurl 
  Title The population structure and behaviour of the feral asses on the Ogurchinskii Island Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Zool J 6  
  Volume 4 Issue Pages 750-762  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1447  
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Author Panov En, Z.L. openurl 
  Title The structure of population and behaviour of feral asses on the Ogurchinskii Island Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal Zool J  
  Volume 64 Issue Pages 1071-1083  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1448  
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