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Author Keiper Rr, openurl 
  Title Population dynamics of feral ponies. Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 175-184  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids Place of Publication Laramie Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1252  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Klingel H, openurl 
  Title A Comparison of the Social Organization of the Equids. in Denniston RH (ed) Type Conference Volume
  Year 1980 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of Wild and Feral Equids, Laramie 1979 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 23-30  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1315  
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Author Ruffner Ga, C.S. openurl 
  Title Age structure, condition, and reproduction of two burro (Equus asinus) populations from Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 235  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1534  
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Author Schilder, M.B. H. doi  openurl
  Title Interventions in a herd of semi – captive Plains zebras Type Journal Article
  Year 1990 Publication Behavior Abbreviated Journal Behaviour  
  Volume 112 Issue 1-2 Pages 53-83  
  Keywords (up)  
  Abstract n a herd of semi-captive plains zebras interventions, which occurred within the harems, were investigated in order to answer the question why zebras interfered. These interventions are of interest because they regulate the contacts between companions and because, as corrective and preventive measures, they reveal the normative principles underlying the behaviours by which animals structure their social environment. An attempt was made to deduce 1) the internal norms of the interferer; 2) his short term aims; 3) his tactis and 4) his perception of the social environment. The analysis revealed that in the case of an affiliative interaction foals, yearlings and adult mares started to interfere if a friend had an affiliative contact with another zebra. In view of the interferer's behaviours it was concluded that their aim was to break off the ongoing interaction and that zebras tended to protect friendship bonds. Foals and yearlings further interfered if their mother was being threatened, attacked or sexually approached by a stallion. In view of the interferer's behaviours its aim was to prevent iminent interactions or to break off ongoing interactions. This suggests that these interventions were of a protective nature. The interferer's behaviours in both contexts ware very much alike. Mares tended to interfere if their foal/yearling or adult daughter was threathened or aggressed or if a mare friend was being sexually approached by a stallion. This type of intervention was of a protective nature. Stallions in a multi male harem showed a high tendency to interfere in courtship interactions. From the resemblance between interventions in courtship and in aggressive interactions it is concluded that, at leat in a number of cases, the individuals have perceived courtship behaviour by the stallion as a threat towards the mare involved.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1565  
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Author Waring Gh, openurl 
  Title Behavioral adaptation as a factor in management of feral equids Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 85-92  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1697  
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Author Wolfe Ml, openurl 
  Title Feral horse demography: A preliminary report (Abstract) Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 173-174  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1715  
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Author Wolfe Ml, openurl 
  Title Population ecology of the kulan Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 205-218  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1716  
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Author Woodward Sl, openurl 
  Title Population dynamics of a herd of feral burros (Abstract) Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 219-220  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1719  
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Author Zervanos Sm, K.R. openurl 
  Title Seasonal home ranges and activity patterns of feral assateague island ponies Type Conference Volume
  Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 3-14  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1753  
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Author Sharon, L.; Crowell-Davis, S.L. doi  openurl
  Title Sexual behavior of mares Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Hormones and Behavior Abbreviated Journal Horm Behav  
  Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages 12-17  
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  Abstract The mare is seasonally polyestrus, having an anovulatory period during the short light days of late fall and early winter, and beginning to ovulate as the days become longer during the winter. The complete estrus cycle is typically about 3 weeks, with 5 to 7 days of estrus and approximately 2 weeks of diestrus. When a mare lives within the natural social structure of the horse, i.e. a family band with several adult mares and one or more stallions, estrus is characterized by repeatedly approaching the stallion, frequent urination, deviating the tail away from the perineum, and standing still with the hind limbs spread apart. Diestrus is characterized by avoidance of an approaching stallion, and aggression toward the stallion, such as squealing, striking, and kicking, if he persists in attempting to court the diestrus mare. However, mares and stallions with long-term social relationships will often rest together, graze together and groom each other, all without sexual interactions. Hormonally, estrous behavior in the mare is initiated by estradiol that is secreted by the follicle, while estrous behavior is suppressed by progesterone, secreted by the corpus luteum. Mares are unusual among the ungulates in that they periodically exhibit estrous behavior during the anovulatory period. This is probably due to the release of estrogenic steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex. The display of sexual behavior by the mare throughout the year is thought to facilitate maintenance of the horse's social structure, in which the male remains with a group of females year round, in contrast with most ungulates in which the females and males only come together during the mating season.  
  Address Department of Anatomy and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0018-506X ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:17488645 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1969  
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