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Author Passilongo, D.; Buccianti, A.; Dessi-Fulgheri, F.; Gazzola, A.; Zaccaronii, M.; Apollonio, M. openurl 
  Title The Acoustic Structure Of Wolf Howls In Some Eastern Tuscany (Central Italy) Free Ranging Packs Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Bioacoustics Abbreviated Journal Bioacoustics  
  Volume 19 Issue 3 Pages 159-175  
  Keywords (up) Canis lupus, acoustic structure, mammal communication, sonogram, fundamental frequency.  
  Abstract Italian wolf howls are described for the first time from observations between 2003–2008 of a population living in eastern Tuscany, central Italy. A sample of 37 howls selected among single responses and 128 howls included in the choruses of 7 free ranging packs was recorded and analysed. The mean fundamental frequency of the howls ranged between 274–908 Hz. Two main structures recognised by means of multivariate explorative analysis, in particular Principal Component and Cluster Analysis, were ascribed to breaking and flat howls. Discriminant Function Analysis was applied to the recognised groups with the aim to find a general rule for classification. Howls with different features were correctly assigned to the groups obtained by explorative analysis in 95.8% of cases. The analysis of the variables characterising the structure of the howls suggests that maximum frequency and range of fundamental frequency are the most important parameters for classification, while duration does not appear to play any significant role.  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6499  
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Author Thackeray, J.F. openurl 
  Title Zebras from wonderwerk cave, northern Cape province, South Africa: attempts to distinguish Equus burchelli and E. quagga Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication South African journal of science Abbreviated Journal Suid- Afrikaanse Tydsskrif vir Wetenskap  
  Volume 84 Issue Pages 99-101  
  Keywords (up) Cape Province; Teeth; Statistical analysis; Equidae; Hippomorpha; South Africa; Southern Africa; Perissodactyla; Mammalia; Vertebrata  
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  ISSN 0038-2353 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1644  
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Author Creel, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Social dominance and stress hormones Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Trends in Ecology & Evolution Abbreviated Journal Trends. Ecol. Evol  
  Volume 16 Issue 9 Pages 491-497  
  Keywords (up) Dominance; rank; stress; glucocorticoids; cooperative breeding; sociality; behavioural endocrinology; mammals  
  Abstract In most cooperatively breeding birds and mammals, reproductive rates are lower for social subordinates than for dominants, and it is common for reproduction in subordinates to be completely suppressed. Early research conducted in captivity showed that losing fights can increase glucocorticoid (GC) secretion, a general response to stress. Because GCs can suppress reproduction, it has been widely argued that chronic stress might underlie reproductive suppression of social subordinates in cooperative breeders. Contradicting this hypothesis, recent studies of cooperative breeders in the wild show that dominant individuals have elevated GCs more often than do subordinates. The findings that elevated GCs can be a consequence of subordination or a cost of dominance complicate the conventional view of social stress, with broad ramifications for the evolution of dominance and reproductive suppression.  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4072  
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Author Wolff, A.; Hausberger, M. doi  openurl
  Title Behaviour of foals before weaning may have some genetic basis Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Ethology Abbreviated Journal Ethology  
  Volume 96 Issue 1 Pages 1-10  
  Keywords (up) Locomotion; Suckling; Social behavior; Foraging behavior; Exploratory behavior; Interindividual comparison; Young animal; Genetic inheritance; Captivity; Social interaction; Feeding behavior; Perissodactyla; Ungulata; Mammalia; Vertebrata  
  Abstract In this preliminary study on foal behaviour, 13 French saddlebred foals (2-3 mo old) and their dams were observed on pasture. The most important findings are the interindividual quantitative differences in foal behaviour patterns as well as in the amount of mainly foal-initiated time spent at given distances from their mares. Interindividual differences seem in part due to a sire effect  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5022  
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Author Wilson, D.A.; Stevenson, R.J. url  openurl
  Title The fundamental role of memory in olfactory perception Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Trends in Neurosciences Abbreviated Journal Trends. Neurosci.  
  Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 243-247  
  Keywords (up) olfactory perception mammals  
  Abstract Current emphasis on odorant physiochemical features as the basis for perception largely ignores the synthetic and experience-dependent nature of olfaction. Olfaction is synthetic, as mammals have only limited ability to identify elements within even simple odor mixtures. Furthermore, olfaction is experience-bound, as exposure alone can significantly affect the extent to which stimuli can be discriminated. We propose that early analytical processing of odors is inaccessible at the behavioral level and that all odors are initially encoded as `objects' in the piriform cortex. Moreover, we suggest that odor perception is wholly dependent on the integrity of this memory system and that its loss severely impairs normal perception.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 795  
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Author Keverne, E.B. url  doi
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  Title Olfactory learning Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Current Opinion in Neurobiology Abbreviated Journal Curr. Opin. Neurobiol.  
  Volume 5 Issue 4 Pages 482-488  
  Keywords (up) olfactory perception mammals  
  Abstract Unravelling the mechanisms of learning and memory can, and should, be tackled at many levels. Discovery of the huge family of odourant receptor genes provided olfaction with `molecular' respectability similar to that afforded to the visual system. Consequently, molecular studies have dominated the olfactory literature this past year, even to the point of providing a molecular basis of olfactory perception. Needless to say, the molecular approach favours a `hard-wired' system; however, other results suggest that flexibility in the olfactory system provides for certain adaptations that are crucial to the biological needs of mammals.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 798  
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