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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Galdikas, B.M. openurl 
  Title Orangutan tool use Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 243 Issue 4888 Pages 152  
  Keywords (down) Animals; Animals, Wild; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Hominidae; Humans; *Pongo pygmaeus  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0036-8075 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:2911726 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2847  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Kaplan, A.I.; Borodovskii, M.I. openurl 
  Title [Alternative animal behavior: a model and its statistical characteristics] Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly. Biologicheskie Nauki Abbreviated Journal Nauchnye Doki Vyss Shkoly Biol Nauki  
  Volume Issue 3 Pages 29-32  
  Keywords (down) Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Male; Mathematics; *Models, Biological; *Models, Statistical; Rats; Reinforcement (Psychology)  
  Abstract The rats' alternative behaviour in T-maze at simultaneous two-sided food refreshment in 13 trials a day during 6 days has been studied. It has been found that in the first testing days the indexes of alternative behaviour of animals correspond to the characteristics of the random alternation. However, on the 5-6th day of testing in the overwhelming majority of rats the true deviation of alternation index above or below than the theoretical values has been revealed. A question on the existence of two strategies of cognitive behaviour alteration and perseveration in rat population is under discussion.  
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  Language Russian Summary Language Original Title Al'ternativnoe povedenie zhivotnykh: model' i statisticheskie kharakteristiki  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0470-4606 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:2742929 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2799  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author McHugh, C.P. openurl 
  Title Ecology of a semi-isolated population of adult Anopheles freeborni: abundance, trophic status, parity, survivorship, gonotrophic cycle length, and host selection Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Abbreviated Journal Am J Trop Med Hyg  
  Volume 41 Issue 2 Pages 169-176  
  Keywords (down) Aging/physiology; Animals; Anopheles/*physiology; Breeding; California; Cattle/parasitology; Dogs/parasitology; Ecology; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Female; Horses/parasitology; Host-Parasite Relations; Male; Parity; Population Density; Rabbits/parasitology  
  Abstract A population of adult Anopheles freeborni near Sheridan, CA was sampled daily during 13 August-7 September 1984. Data on abundance, trophic status, and gonotrophic age were recorded. Abundance and gonotrophic age data were analyzed to estimate daily survivorship and gonotrophic cycle length. Daily survivorship for unfed mosquitoes was estimated to be 0.72 with a gonotrophic cycle of 6 days duration. Daily survivorship for bloodfed mosquitoes was estimated to be 0.74 with a gonotrophic cycle of 4 days. The 2 day difference in gonotrophic cycles between unfed and bloodfed mosquitoes was the result of the period required for maturation and mating of teneral females. In 1986, an incage release of field-collected females estimated survivorship at 0.75 per day. Precipitin tests of 1,338 blood-engorged mosquito abdomens indicated that bovids, horses, rabbits, and canids comprised 92% of bloodmeals; no bloodmeals of human origin were detected.  
  Address Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0002-9637 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:2774063 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2673  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Ellard, M.-E.; Crowell-Davis, S.L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Evaluating equine dominance in draft mares Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 55-75  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract The social hierarchy of a herd of 12 draft mares was assessed using agonism in the field, paired-feeding tests and a group-feeding test. Results from the paired-feeding test correlated significantly, but imperfectly, with those from the field. Differential motivation among subjects for the feed and disruption of ambiguous relationships among mares reduced the reliability of the paired-feeding test as a measure of social dominance. Results from the group-feeding test did not correlate significantly with the field hierarchy and only a few mares ever ate from the bucket. Height, weight and age each correlated significantly with rank; a mare's tendency to remain alone did not. Total aggressive scores during the paired-feeding test correlated with rank. However, a high-ranking mare was no more aggressive to each of her subordinates than was a low-ranking mare. Rather, all mares aggressed more against individuals close in rank to themselves and with preferred field associates. In the field, mares associated most with other mares of similar rank.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 662  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author De Waal, Frans B. M.; Luttrell, L.M. doi  openurl
  Title Toward a comparative socioecology of the genus Macaca: Different dominance styles in rhesus and stumptail monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication American journal of primatology Abbreviated Journal Am. J. Primatol.  
  Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 83-109  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract Captive studies can make a unique contribution to primate socioecology by documenting species-typical social dispositions under controlled conditions. Recent theories seek to connect the dominance relationships, group cohesiveness, and feeding ecology of primates. The present study explores the first two aspects by comparing the social organization of rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and stumptail monkeys (M. arctoides). Data were collected over a period of eight years, with five different methods, on three well-established captive groups in identical environments. The groups were found to share one characteristic: a clear-cut, linear formal dominance hierarchy as expressed in teeth-baring displays. The two main study groups (one of each species) differed significantly, however, with respect to nine of eleven behavioral measures. In addition to a previously reported higher frequency of reconciliation in the stumptail group, this group showed (1) more frequent but less severe aggressive behavior, (2) greater symmetry of contests, (3) greater social tolerance, (4) more nonagonistic approaches, and (5) more allogrooming. The differences can be summarized as a contrast in dominance style, with the stumptails having a more relaxed style and placing greater emphasis on social cohesion than the rhesus monkeys. An egalitarian attitude was also reflected in approach behavior: contacts in the rhesus group were mostly initiated by dominants, whereas contacts in the stumptail group were initiated independent of rank. Comparisons with a second rhesus group, and with published reports, suggest that while some of the observed differences are probably representative of the two species, considerable intraspecific variation does exist, and a more comprehensive program of comparative studies is needed.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1098-2345 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ FransB.M.DeWaal1989 Serial 870  
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Author Gao, X; Gu, J. openurl 
  Title The distribution and status of the Equidae in China. Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Acta Theriologica Sinica Abbreviated Journal Acta Theriol. Sin.  
  Volume 9 Issue 4 Pages 269-274  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1101  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Ginsberg, J.R., openurl 
  Title The ecology of female behaviour and male mating success in the Grevy's zebra Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Symposium of the Zoological Society of London Abbreviated Journal Symp zool Soc Lond  
  Volume 61 Issue Pages 89-110  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1112  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Hunter, L.; Houpt, K..A. url  openurl
  Title Bedding material preferences of ponies. Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Journal of American Society of Animal Science Abbreviated Journal J Anim Sci  
  Volume 67 Issue 8 Pages 1986-1991  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract The bedding preferences of ponies were determined using video recordings of nighttime (1900 to 0700) behavior of individually housed ponies. The ponies' behavior each minute was recorded to determine time budgets. In Exp. I, preference for bedding was determined using three mares, three stallions and two geldings given access to bedded and unbedded areas in a box stall. The ponies spent more time (66%) on the bedded area and were never observed lying on the unbedded areas. In Exp. II, three mares and six stallions were given access to a box stall, one side of which was bedded with wood shavings and the other with straw. Although some individual animals preferred one bedding over the other, neither form of bedding was preferred consistently. Time budgets in Exp. II were similar on both bedding materials. The ponies spent 12% of their nighttime lying, 2% walking, 35% eating and 50% standing inactively. Some ponies had a relatively strong preference for bedding, but the type of bedding preferred varied with the individual animal. Some individual ponies had no clear preference, but instead had a side or position preference  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1211  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Izraely, H.; Choshniak, I.; Shkolnik, A.; Stevens, C.E.; Demment, M.W. url  openurl
  Title Factors determining the digestive efficiency of the domesticated donkey.(Equus Asinus Asinus ) Type Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Q J Exp Physiol Abbreviated Journal Q J Exp Physiol  
  Volume 74 Issue 1 Pages 1-6  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract Factors determining the digestive efficiency of donkeys were studied in animals fed either a low quality roughage (wheat straw: 77{middle dot}1% neutral detergent fibre, 2{middle dot}8% crude protein) or a high quality forage (alfalfa hay: 47{middle dot}5% neutral detergent fibre, 22{middle dot}7% crude protein). The neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intake when fed wheat straw was 1693 {+/-} 268 g animal-1 day-1, 10% higher than when fed alfalfa hay. Digestive coefficient of NDF and acid detergent fibre (ADF) when fed wheat straw amounted to 50{middle dot}9 {+/-} 4{middle dot}9 and 42{middle dot}0 {+/-} 4{middle dot}1% respectively. NDF and ADF apparent digestibilities and mean retention times (37{middle dot}7 {+/-} 1{middle dot}7 and 36{middle dot}4 {+/-} 3{middle dot}2 h respectively) were not significantly different (P [rang] 0{middle dot}05) between the two diets. The donkey appears to digest cell wall constituents as efficiently as the Bedouin goat when on low quality roughage, but less efficiently when fed alfalfa hay. Its energy digestibility is, however, as high as that reported for the Bedouin goat. The donkey's high energy digestibility is related to its capacity to digest soluble food components more efficiently than the ruminant. The mean retention time in the donkey is shorter than in the Bedouin goat and is consistent with its capacity to compensate for a lower quality diet by increasing its intake rate. Recycling of urea in donkeys maintained on wheat straw amounted to 75{middle dot}5 {+/-} 13{middle dot}0% of the entry rate. A decrease in the rate of renal urea filtration, coupled with an increase in the fraction reabsorbed, increased the retention of nitrogenous waste and permitted recycling of nitrogen into the gut. N1 -  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1216  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Klingel, H. openurl 
  Title Odd-toed Ungulates, Horses Type Book Chapter
  Year 1989 Publication Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 4 Issue Pages 550+557-594  
  Keywords (down)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication McGraw Hill Editor Grzimek, B.  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1320  
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