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Author |
Dyer, F.C. |
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Title |
Animal behaviour: when it pays to waggle |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
419 |
Issue |
6910 |
Pages |
885-886 |
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Keywords  |
*Animal Communication; Animals; Bees/*physiology; California; Dancing/physiology; Environment; Evolution; Female; Flowers/chemistry; *Food; Gravitation; Lighting; Motor Activity/*physiology; Odors; Seasons; Sunlight |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:12410290 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
769 |
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Author |
Keiper, R.; Houpt, K. |
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Title |
Reproduction in feral horses: an eight-year study |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1984 |
Publication |
American journal of veterinary research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Vet Res |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
991-995 |
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Keywords |
Abortion, Veterinary/epidemiology; Anestrus; Animal Population Groups/*physiology; Animals; Animals, Wild/*physiology; Birth Rate; Female; Fertility; Horse Diseases/epidemiology; Horses/*physiology; Lactation; Male; Maryland; Pregnancy; *Reproduction; Seasons; Sex Ratio; Virginia |
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Abstract |
The reproductive rate and foal survival of the free-ranging ponies on Assateague Island National Seashore were studied for 8 years, 1975 to 1982. Most (52%) of the 86 foals were born in May, 13% were born in April, 22.6% in June, 10.4% in July, and less than 1% in August and September. The mean foaling rate was 57.1 +/- 3.9% and the survival rate was 88.3 +/- 3.6%. Forty-eight colts and 55 fillies were born (sex ratio 53% female). Mares less than 3 years old did not foal and the foaling rate of 3-year-old mares was only 23%, that of 4-year-old mares was 46%, that of 5-year-old mares was 53%, and 6-year-old mares was 69%. The relatively poor reproduction rate was believed to be a consequence of the stress of lactating while carrying a foal when forage quality on the island was low. The hypothesis was supported by the higher reproductive rate (74.4 +/- 2.4%) of the ponies in the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge on the southern part of the island. Their foals are weaned and sold in July each year. Despite the low reproductive rate on Assateague Island National Seashore , the number of ponies increased from 43 to 80, a 90% increase in the 8-year period or greater than 10%/yr. There were 24 deaths and 8 dispersals from the study area. |
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0002-9645 |
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Notes |
PMID:6732036 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
665 |
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Author |
Boray, J.C. |
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Title |
Experimental fascioliasis in Australia |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1969 |
Publication |
Advances in Parasitology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Adv Parasitol |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
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Pages |
95-210 |
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Keywords |
Adaptation, Biological; Adaptation, Physiological; Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Australia; Cattle; *Cattle Diseases/pathology; Climate; *Disease Vectors; Ecology; Electron Transport; Estivation; Fasciola hepatica/enzymology/*growth & development/metabolism/physiology; Fascioliasis/epidemiology/immunology/*prevention & control/veterinary; Glycolysis; Guinea Pigs; Horses; Humans; Larva/growth & development/physiology; Marsupialia; Metamorphosis, Biological; Mice; New Guinea; New Zealand; Parasite Egg Count; Rats; Seasons; Sheep; *Sheep Diseases/pathology |
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ISSN |
0065-308X |
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Notes |
PMID:4935272 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2744 |
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Author |
Bertram, D.S. |
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Title |
Mosquitoes of British Honduras, with some comments on malaria, and on arbovirus antibodies in man and equines |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
742-762 |
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Keywords |
Aedes; Animals; Anopheles; Antibodies/*analysis; Arbovirus Infections/*epidemiology/immunology/veterinary; Belize; Culex; *Culicidae/classification; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/immunology; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/immunology; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors; Malaria/*epidemiology; Neutralization Tests; Seasons |
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ISSN |
0035-9203 |
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Notes |
PMID:4400502 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2732 |
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Author |
Kaseda, Y.; Ogawa, H.; Khalil, A.M. |
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Title |
Causes of natal dispersal and emigration and their effects on harem formation in Misaki feral horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
262-266 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animal Migration; Animals; Animals, Wild; *Behavior, Animal/physiology; Female; Horses/*physiology/psychology; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior |
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Abstract |
Misaki feral horses were separated into 2 herds and the difference between dispersal from natal group (natal dispersal) and dispersal from natal area (natal emigration) was studied. The causes of dispersal and emigration and their effects on harem formation were studied 1979-1994. The number of horses ranged from 73 (mature males: 8, mature females: 26, young males: 8, young females: 3, colt foals: 6, filly foals: 10 and geldings: 12) in 1979 and 86 (mature males: 14, mature females: 37, young males: 12, young females: 7, colt foals: 5, filly foals: 7 and geldings: 4) in 1994 when the present study ended. All 29 males which survived to age 4 years and 58 females which survived to age 3 years left their natal or mother groups at age one to 3. Seventeen of 22 dispersing males and 29 of 39 dispersing females left their natal groups around the birth of their siblings and significant correlations were found between natal dispersal and birth of a sibling. The number of emigrating young males correlated negatively and significantly with the total number of young males in another herd and the number of emigrating young females correlated positively and significantly with the total number of young females in the natal herd. All 13 emigrating stallions which survived to age 5 years formed stable harem groups and a significant correlation was found between natal emigration and harem formation. Twenty-three of 35 resident mares formed stable consort relations with harem stallions and a significant correlation was found between residence and formation of stable consort relations. |
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Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Miyazaki-shi, 889-21, Japan |
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ISSN |
0425-1644 |
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Notes |
PMID:15338905 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4630 |
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Author |
Mirzaeva, A.G. |
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Title |
[Age makeup of female Culicoides sinanoensis Tok. in the coniferous-broad-leaved forest zone of the southern Maritime Territory] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Parazitologiia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Parazitologiia |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
524-530 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; *Ceratopogonidae/physiology; Corpus Luteum/physiology; Ecology; Female; Horses/parasitology; Humans; Ovulation; Pigments, Biological/physiology; Seasons; Siberia; Trees |
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Russian |
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Original Title |
Vozrastnoi sostav samok Culicoides sinanoensis Tok. v zone khvoino-shirokolistvennykh lesov Iuzhnogo Primor'ia |
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ISSN |
0031-1847 |
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Notes |
PMID:4449654 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2707 |
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Author |
Khalil, A.M.; Murakami, N.; Kaseda, Y. |
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Title |
Relationship between plasma testosterone concentrations and age, breeding season and harem size in Misaki feral horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vet Med Sci |
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Volume |
60 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
643-645 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Wild; *Horses; Japan; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Sexual Maturation; *Social Behavior; Testosterone/*blood |
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Abstract |
Jugular vein blood samples were collected from 23 young and sexual mature feral stallions to examine the relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season or harem size. Testosterone concentration increased with the age of the stallions until they formed their own harems, at about 4 to 6 years old. Seasonal variations in testosterone concentrations were observed, and found to be significantly higher (P<0.001) throughout the breeding season than non-breeding season, from 3 years of age. Testosterone levels were correlated with harem size for individual stallions. It can be inferred from these results that there is a relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season and harem size. |
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Laboratory of Animal Behavioral Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan |
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ISSN |
0916-7250 |
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Notes |
PMID:9637303 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
137 |
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Author |
Cameron, E.Z. |
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Title |
Facultative adjustment of mammalian sex ratios in support of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis: evidence for a mechanism |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Biol Sci |
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Volume |
271 |
Issue |
1549 |
Pages |
1723-1728 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Body Constitution; *Evolution; Female; Glucose/metabolism/physiology; Litter Size; Male; Mammals/*physiology; *Models, Biological; Reproduction/physiology; Seasons; Sex Factors; *Sex Ratio; Time Factors |
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Abstract |
Evolutionary theory predicts that mothers of different condition should adjust the birth sex ratio of their offspring in relation to future reproductive benefits. Published studies addressing variation in mammalian sex ratios have produced surprisingly contradictory results. Explaining the source of such variation has been a challenge for sex-ratio theory, not least because no mechanism for sex-ratio adjustment is known. I conducted a meta-analysis of previous mammalian sex-ratio studies to determine if there are any overall patterns in sex-ratio variation. The contradictory nature of previous results was confirmed. However, studies that investigated indices of condition around conception show almost unanimous support for the prediction that mothers in good condition bias their litters towards sons. Recent research on the role of glucose in reproductive functioning have shown that excess glucose favours the development of male blastocysts, providing a potential mechanism for sex-ratio variation in relation to maternal condition around conception. Furthermore, many of the conflicting results from studies on sex-ratio adjustment would be explained if glucose levels in utero during early cell division contributed to the determination of offspring sex ratios. |
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Address |
Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. ezcameron@zoology.up.ac.za |
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ISSN |
0962-8452 |
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Notes |
PMID:15306293 |
Approved |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
413 |
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Author |
Hrdy, S.B. |
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Title |
Male-male competition and infanticide among the langurs (Presbytis entellus) of Abu, Rajasthan |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
19-58 |
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Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Coitus; *Competitive Behavior; Estrus; Feeding Behavior; Female; *Haplorhini; Homing Behavior; Humans; India; Infanticide; Leadership; Male; Maternal Behavior; Population Density; Pregnancy; Rain; Seasons; Sex Factors; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; Temperature; Vocalization, Animal |
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ISSN |
0015-5713 |
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Notes |
PMID:4215710 |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2051 |
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Author |
Hoogstraal, H.; Mitchell, R.M. |
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Title |
Haemaphysalis (Alloceraea) aponommoides Warburton (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae), description of immature stages, hosts, distribution, and ecology in India, Nepal, Sikkim, and China |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
The Journal of Parasitology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Parasitol |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
635-645 |
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Keywords |
Altitude; Animals; Artiodactyla; Birds; Buffaloes; Carnivora; Cattle; China; Deer; Dogs; Ecology; Female; Goats; Horses; Humans; India; Insectivora; Larva/anatomy & histology; Male; Mice; Nepal; Rats; Rodentia; Sciuridae; Seasons; Sheep; Tick Infestations/*epidemiology; Ticks/*anatomy & histology/growth & development |
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0022-3395 |
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Notes |
PMID:5090972 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2730 |
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