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Author Ishida, N.; Oyunsuren, T.; Mashima, S.; Mukoyama, H.; Saitou, N.
Title Mitochondrial DNA sequences of various species of the genus Equus with special reference to the phylogenetic relationship between Przewalskii's wild horse and domestic horse Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication Journal of Molecular Evolution Abbreviated Journal J Mol Evol
Volume 41 Issue (up) 2 Pages 180-188
Keywords Animals; Base Sequence; Chromosomes; Conserved Sequence/genetics; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics; Evolution; Genetic Variation/*genetics; Horses/*genetics; Molecular Sequence Data; *Phylogeny; RNA, Transfer, Pro/genetics; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA
Abstract The noncoding region between tRNAPro and the large conserved sequence block is the most variable region in the mammalian mitochondrial DNA D-loop region. This variable region (ca. 270 bp) of four species of Equus, including Mongolian and Japanese native domestic horses as well as Przewalskii's (or Mongolian) wild horse, were sequenced. These data were compared with our recently published Thoroughbred horse mitochondrial DNA sequences. The evolutionary rate of this region among the four species of Equus was estimated to be 2-4 x 10(-8) per site per year. Phylogenetic trees of Equus species demonstrate that Przewalskii's wild horse is within the genetic variation among the domestic horse. This suggests that the chromosome number change (probably increase) of the Przewalskii's wild horse occurred rather recently.
Address Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0022-2844 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7666447 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5042
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Author Feh, C.; Munkhtuya, B.
Title Male infanticide and paternity analyses in a socially natural herd of Przewalski`s horses: Sexual selection? Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Behavioural Processes Abbreviated Journal Behav. Process.
Volume 78 Issue (up) 3 Pages 335-339
Keywords DNA paternity analysis; Human disturbance; Male infanticide; Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus przewalskii); Sexual selection
Abstract The sexual selection hypothesis explains infanticide by males in many mammals. In our 11-year study, we investigated this hypothesis in a herd of Przewalski's horses where we had witnessed infanticidal attacks. Infanticide was highly conditional and not simply linked to takeovers. Attacks occurred in only five of 39 cases following a takeover, and DNA paternity revealed that, although infanticidal stallions were not the genetic fathers in four cases out of five, stallions present at birth did not significantly attempt to kill unrelated foals. Infanticide did not reduce birth intervals; only in one case out of five was the infanticidal stallion, the father of the next foal; mothers whose foals were attacked subsequently avoided associating with infanticidal stallions. Therefore, evidence for the sexual selection hypothesis was weak. The “human disturbance” hypothesis received some support, as only zoo bred stallions which grew up in unnatural social groups attacked foals of mares which were pregnant during takeovers.
Address
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4632
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Author Boucher, J.M.; Hanosset, R.; Augot, D.; Bart, J.M.; Morand, M.; Piarroux, R.; Pozet-Bouhier, F.; Losson, B.; Cliquet, F.
Title Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in wild boars in France using PCR techniques against larval form Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Veterinary Parasitology Abbreviated Journal Vet Parasitol
Volume 129 Issue (up) 3-4 Pages 259-266
Keywords Animals; Base Sequence; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics; Echinococcosis/parasitology/pathology/*veterinary; Echinococcus multilocularis/*isolation & purification; Electron Transport Complex IV/chemistry/genetics; France; Histocytochemistry/veterinary; Liver/parasitology/pathology; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary; Sequence Alignment; Sus scrofa/*parasitology; Swine Diseases/*parasitology/pathology
Abstract Recently, new data have been collected on the distribution and ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis in European countries. Different ungulates species such as pig, goat, sheep, cattle and horse are known to host incomplete development of larval E. multilocularis. We report a case of E. multilocularis portage in two wild boars from a high endemic area in France (Department of Jura). Histological examination was performed and the DNA was isolated from hepatic lesions then amplified by using three PCR methods in two distinct institutes. Molecular characterisation of PCR products revealed 99% nucleotide sequence homology with the specific sequence of the U1 sn RNA gene of E. multilocularis, 99 and 99.9% nucleotide sequence homology with the specific sequence of the cytochrome oxydase gene of Echinococcus genus and 99.9% nucleotide sequence homology with a genomic DNA sequence of Echinococcus genus for the first and the second wild boar, respectively.
Address AFSSA Nancy, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches sur la Rage et la Pathologie des Animaux Sauvages, Domaine de Pixerecourt-B.P. 9, Malzeville F 54220, France
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0304-4017 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15845281 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2629
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Author Ishida, N.; Hirano, T.; Mukoyama, H.
Title Detection of aberrant alleles in the D-loop region of equine mitochondrial DNA by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Animal Genetics Abbreviated Journal Anim Genet
Volume 25 Issue (up) 4 Pages 287
Keywords *Alleles; Animals; Base Sequence; *DNA, Mitochondrial; DNA, Single-Stranded/genetics; Female; Gene Frequency; Genomic Imprinting; Horses/*genetics; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Pedigree; *Polymorphism, Genetic
Abstract
Address Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo
Corporate Author Thesis
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0268-9146 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7985852 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2213
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Author Traversa, D.; Giangaspero, A.; Galli, P.; Paoletti, B.; Otranto, D.; Gasser, R.B.
Title Specific identification of Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae (Spirurida, Habronematidae) by PCR using markers in ribosomal DNA Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Molecular and Cellular Probes Abbreviated Journal Mol Cell Probes
Volume 18 Issue (up) 4 Pages 215-221
Keywords Animals; Base Sequence; DNA, Ribosomal/blood/*genetics; Feces/parasitology; Genetic Markers; Horses/*parasitology; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscidae/*genetics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Spirurida Infections/genetics; Spiruroidea/*genetics; Stomach/*parasitology
Abstract Gastric or cutaneous habronemosis caused by Habronema microstoma Creplin, 1849 and Habronema muscae Carter, 1865 is a parasitic disease of equids transmitted by muscid flies. There is a paucity of information on the epidemiology of this disease, which is mainly due to limitations with diagnosis in the live animal and with the identification of the parasites in the intermediate hosts. To overcome such limitations, a molecular approach, based on the use of genetic markers in the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of ribosomal DNA, was established for the two species of Habronema. Characterisation of the ITS-2 revealed sequence lengths and G+C contents of 296 bp and 29.5% for H. microstoma, and of 334 bp and 35.9% for H. muscae, respectively. Exploiting the sequence difference (approximately 40%) between the two species of nematode, primers were designed and tested by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for their specificity using a panel of control DNA samples from common equid endoparasites, and from host tissues, faeces or muscid flies. Effective amplification from each of the two species of Habronema was achieved from as little as 10 pg of genomic DNA. Hence, this molecular approach allows the specific identification and differentiation of the DNA from H. microstoma and H. muscae, and could thus provide a molecular tool for the specific detection of Habronema DNA (irrespective of developmental stage) from faeces, skin and muscid fly samples. The establishment of this tool has important implications for the specific diagnosis of clinical cases of gastric and cutaneous habronemosis in equids, and for studying the ecology and epidemiology of the two species of Habronema.
Address Department of Biomedical Comparative Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0890-8508 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15271381 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2634
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Author Milinovich, G.J.; Trott, D.J.; Burrell, P.C.; van Eps, A.W.; Thoefner, M.B.; Blackall, L.L.; Al Jassim, R.A.M.; Morton, J.M.; Pollitt, C.C.
Title Changes in equine hindgut bacterial populations during oligofructose-induced laminitis Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Environmental Microbiology Abbreviated Journal Environ Microbiol
Volume 8 Issue (up) 5 Pages 885-898
Keywords Animal Feed; Animals; Bacteria/classification/*isolation & purification; DNA, Bacterial/analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Feces/microbiology; Foot Diseases/etiology/microbiology/*veterinary; Horse Diseases/*etiology/metabolism/microbiology; Horses; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Intestines/*microbiology; Oligosaccharides/*administration & dosage/*metabolism; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial/analysis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis
Abstract In the horse, carbohydrate overload is thought to play an integral role in the onset of laminitis by drastically altering the profile of bacterial populations in the hindgut. The objectives of this study were to develop and validate microbial ecology methods to monitor changes in bacterial populations throughout the course of experimentally induced laminitis and to identify the predominant oligofructose-utilizing organisms. Laminitis was induced in five horses by administration of oligofructose. Faecal specimens were collected at 8 h intervals from 72 h before to 72 h after the administration of oligofructose. Hindgut microbiota able to utilize oligofructose were enumerated throughout the course of the experiment using habitat-simulating medium. Isolates were collected and representatives identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The majority of these isolates collected belonged to the genus Streptococcus, 91% of which were identified as being most closely related to Streptococcus infantarius ssp. coli. Furthermore, S. infantarius ssp. coli was the predominant oligofructose-utilizing organism isolated before the onset of lameness. Fluorescence in situ hybridization probes developed to specifically target the isolated Streptococcus spp. demonstrated marked population increases between 8 and 16 h post oligofructose administration. This was followed by a rapid population decline which corresponded with a sharp decline in faecal pH and subsequently lameness at 24-32 h post oligofructose administration. This research suggests that streptococci within the Streptococcus bovis/equinus complex may be involved in the series of events which precede the onset of laminitis in the horse.
Address Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. g.milinovich@uq.edu.au
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1462-2912 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:16623745 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2625
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Author Macfadden, B.J.
Title Evolution. Fossil horses--evidence for evolution Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science
Volume 307 Issue (up) 5716 Pages 1728-1730
Keywords Animals; Body Size; DNA, Mitochondrial; Diet; *Equidae/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics; *Evolution; Feeding Behavior; *Fossils; *Horses/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics; Paleodontology; Phylogeny; Time; Tooth/anatomy & histology
Abstract
Address Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. bmacfadd@flmnh.ufl.edu
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15774746 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1892
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Author Zhao, C.J.; Qin, Y.H.; Lee, X.H.; Wu, C.
Title Molecular and cytogenetic paternity testing of a male offspring of a hinny Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics = Zeitschrift fur Tierzuchtung und Zuchtungsbiologie Abbreviated Journal J Anim Breed Genet
Volume 123 Issue (up) 6 Pages 403-405
Keywords Animals; Cytogenetic Analysis; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics; Equidae/*genetics; Female; Horses/genetics; Hybridization, Genetic; Male; Microsatellite Repeats; Pedigree; Protamines/genetics; Sexual Behavior, Animal
Abstract An alleged male foal of a female mule, whose sire and grandparents were unknown, was identified for its pedigree. Parentage testing was conducted by comparing polymorphism of 12 microsatellite DNA sites and mitochondrial D-loop sequences of the male foal and the female mule. Both the sequence analysis of species-specific DNA fragments and a cytogenetic analysis were performed to identify the species of the foal and its parents. The results showed that the alleged female mule is actually a hinny, and the male foal, which possesses 62 chromosomes, qualifies as an offspring of the female hinny and a jack donkey.
Address Equine Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Corporate Author Thesis
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0931-2668 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:17177697 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1846
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Author Breen, M.; Downs, P.; Irvin, Z.; Bell, K.
Title Intrageneric amplification of horse microsatellite markers with emphasis on the Przewalski's horse (E. przewalskii) Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Animal Genetics Abbreviated Journal Anim Genet
Volume 25 Issue (up) 6 Pages 401-405
Keywords Animals; DNA, Satellite/*genetics; *Gene Amplification; Gene Frequency; *Genetic Markers; Heterozygote; Horses/*genetics; Species Specificity
Abstract Primer sequences flanking 13 microsatellite loci isolated from the domestic horse (E. caballus) were successfully used to amplify homologous loci in the Przewalski's horse (E. przewalskii). The results demonstrate that the level of polymorphism at all 13 loci in the Przewalski's horse was comparable to that in the domestic horse and the overall exclusion probability in the Przewalski's horse was calculated to be 0.9994. The results suggest that it should be possible to use E. caballus-derived microsatellite markers to provide parentage verification and additional valuable information to the captive management of E. przewalskii. The ability to amplify corresponding loci in the remaining five species of the genus was also confirmed, illustrating the general application of markers isolated from the domestic horse to the evaluation of polymorphism in the other six species of the genus.
Address Australian Equine Blood Typing Research Laboratory, University of Queensland, St Lucia
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0268-9146 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7695120 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2246
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Author Passler, S.; Pfeffer, M.
Title Detection of antibodies to alphaviruses and discrimination between antibodies to eastern and western equine encephalitis viruses in rabbit sera using a recombinant antigen and virus-specific monoclonal antibodies Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Journal of Veterinary Medicine. B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health Abbreviated Journal J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health
Volume 50 Issue (up) 6 Pages 265-269
Keywords Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis/blood; DNA Primers; Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine/genetics/*immunology; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/genetics/*immunology; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/*diagnosis/*virology; Epitopes; Fluorescent Antibody Technique/*veterinary; Horses; Rabbits; Recombination, Genetic; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
Abstract Three arthropod-borne alphaviruses, western equine encephalitis viruses (WEEV), eastern equine encephalitis viruses (EEEV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses are the aetiological agents of a sometimes severe encephalomyelitis in equines and humans in the New World. With regard to the different ecology and epidemiology of these viruses, a method applied in serological screening should be able to distinguish between them as well as other related members of the genus Alphavirus in the American continent. However, this has been hampered in the past by (a) the close antigenic relationship between alphaviruses in traditional serological assays, especially in the routinely used haemagglutination-inhibition, and (b) the need of biosafety level 3 facilities to grow the viral antigens. An epitope blocking assay using an EEEV glycoprotein E1-expressing recombinant Sindbis virus and virus-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) binding to the E1 of EEEV (strain NJ/60) and the E1 of Sindbis virus was established using automated flow cytometry. The test was evaluated using sera of infected and vaccinated rabbits. A cut-off value of 30% inhibition for antigenic complex-specific seroconversion was found to be sufficient for the detection of the respective infection. By using three different mAbs in parallel, we were able to detect alphavirus genus-, EEEV- and WEEV-complex-specific serum antibodies. As this test is based on the inhibition of binding of virus-specific mAbs, sera of every origin other than mouse can be tested. Thus, this assay may prove useful in the serological screening of a variety of animal species during an outbreak investigation.
Address Institute for Medical Microbiology, Infectious and Epidemic Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0931-1793 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:14628996 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2639
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