| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Packer, C. |
|
| |
Title |
Reciprocal altruism in Papio anubis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
265 |
Issue |
|
Pages  |
441-445 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
10.1038/265441a0 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4840 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Harman, F.S.; Nicol, C.J.; Marin, H.E.; Ward, J.M.; Gonzalez, F.J.; Peters, J.M. |
|
| |
Title |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta attenuates colon carcinogenesis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Nature medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat Med |
|
| |
Volume |
10 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
481-483 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Azoxymethane/toxicity; Colonic Neoplasms/etiology/genetics/*prevention & control; Colonic Polyps/etiology/genetics/pathology/prevention & control; Disease Models, Animal; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Mutant Strains; Phenotype; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/deficiency/genetics/*physiology; Transcription Factors/deficiency/genetics/*physiology |
|
| |
Abstract |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta (PPAR-delta; also known as PPAR-beta) is expressed at high levels in colon tumors, but its contribution to colon cancer is unclear. We examined the role of PPAR-delta in colon carcinogenesis using PPAR-delta-deficient (Ppard(-/-)) mice. In both the Min mutant and chemically induced mouse models, colon polyp formation was significantly greater in mice nullizygous for PPAR-delta. In contrast to previous reports suggesting that activation of PPAR-delta potentiates colon polyp formation, here we show that PPAR-delta attenuates colon carcinogenesis. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Veterinary Science and The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. jmp21@psu.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1078-8956 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:15048110 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
77 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Bell, A.M. |
|
| |
Title |
Evolutionary biology: animal personalities |
Type |
|
| |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
447 |
Issue |
7144 |
Pages |
539-540 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Aggression/physiology/psychology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; *Evolution; Humans; *Models, Biological; Personality/genetics/*physiology; Reproduction/genetics/physiology; Risk-Taking; Selection (Genetics) |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1476-4687 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:17538607 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4099 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L. |
|
| |
Title |
Grooming, alliances and reciprocal altruism in vervet monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
308 |
Issue |
5959 |
Pages |
541-543 |
|
| |
Keywords |
*Altruism; Animals; Cercopithecus/*physiology; Cercopithecus aethiops/*physiology; *Grooming; *Social Behavior; Vocalization, Animal |
|
| |
Abstract |
Reciprocal altruism refers to the exchange of beneficial acts between individuals, in which the benefits to the recipient exceed the cost to the altruist. Theory predicts that cooperation among unrelated animals can occur whenever individuals encounter each other regularly and are capable of adjusting their cooperative behaviour according to experience. Although the potential for reciprocal altruism exists in many animal societies, most interactions occur between closely related individuals, and examples of reciprocity among non-kin are rare. The field experiments on vervet monkeys which we present here demonstrate that grooming between unrelated individuals increases the probability that they will subsequently attend to each others' solicitations for aid. Vervets appear to be more willing to aid unrelated individuals if those individuals have behaved affinitively toward them in the recent past. In contrast, recent grooming between close genetic relatives appears to have no effect on their willingness to respond to each other's solicitations for aid. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:6709060 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
704 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
de Waal, F.B.; Berger, M.L. |
|
| |
Title |
Payment for labour in monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
404 |
Issue |
6778 |
Pages |
563 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Cebus/*physiology; *Cooperative Behavior; Evolution; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Reward |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
Living Links, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, and Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10766228 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
190 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Wolf, M.; van Doorn, G.S.; Leimar, O.; Weissing, F.J. |
|
| |
Title |
Life-history trade-offs favour the evolution of animal personalities |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
447 |
Issue |
7144 |
Pages |
581-584 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Aggression/physiology/psychology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; *Evolution; Exploratory Behavior/physiology; Models, Biological; Personality/*physiology; Predatory Behavior/physiology; Reproduction/physiology; Risk-Taking; Selection (Genetics) |
|
| |
Abstract |
In recent years evidence has been accumulating that personalities are not only found in humans but also in a wide range of other animal species. Individuals differ consistently in their behavioural tendencies and the behaviour in one context is correlated with the behaviour in multiple other contexts. From an adaptive perspective, the evolution of animal personalities is still a mystery, because a more flexible structure of behaviour should provide a selective advantage. Accordingly, many researchers view personalities as resulting from constraints imposed by the architecture of behaviour (but see ref. 12). In contrast, we show here that animal personalities can be given an adaptive explanation. Our argument is based on the insight that the trade-off between current and future reproduction often results in polymorphic populations in which some individuals put more emphasis on future fitness returns than others. Life-history theory predicts that such differences in fitness expectations should result in systematic differences in risk-taking behaviour. Individuals with high future expectations (who have much to lose) should be more risk-averse than individuals with low expectations. This applies to all kinds of risky situations, so individuals should consistently differ in their behaviour. By means of an evolutionary model we demonstrate that this basic principle results in the evolution of animal personalities. It simultaneously explains the coexistence of behavioural types, the consistency of behaviour through time and the structure of behavioural correlations across contexts. Moreover, it explains the common finding that explorative behaviour and risk-related traits like boldness and aggressiveness are common characteristics of animal personalities. |
|
| |
Address |
Theoretical Biology Group, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1476-4687 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:17538618 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4098 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Fenton, B.; Ratcliffe, J. |
|
| |
Title |
Animal behaviour: eavesdropping on bats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
429 |
Issue |
6992 |
Pages |
612-613 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Acoustics; Animals; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics/*physiology; Echolocation/*physiology; *Evolution; Phylogeny; Predatory Behavior/physiology; Species Specificity |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1476-4687 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:15190335 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
500 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Potts, W.K.; Manning, C.J.; Wakeland, E.K. |
|
| |
Title |
Mating patterns in seminatural populations of mice influenced by MHC genotype |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
352 |
Issue |
6336 |
Pages |
619-621 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
10.1038/352619a0 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5424 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
Cultural primatology comes of age |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
635-636 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Culture; Humans; Pan troglodytes/*physiology |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10385107 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
196 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Parr, L.A.; de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
Visual kin recognition in chimpanzees |
Type |
|
| |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
|
| |
Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
647-648 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Face; Female; Male; Pan troglodytes/*physiology |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10385114 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
195 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
