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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Duncan, P. url  openurl
  Title Time-budgets of Camargue horses III. Environmental influences Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Behaviour  
  Volume 92 Issue Pages (down) 188-208  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2283  
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Author Chu, G.Z., et al url  openurl
  Title The summer habitat and population numbers of the Mongolian wild ass in the Kalamaili Mountains Wildlife Reserve, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Acta Zoologica Sinica Abbreviated Journal Acta Zoologica Sinica  
  Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages (down) 178-186  
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  Language Chineese Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2258  
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Author Packer, C.; Pusey, A. E. openurl 
  Title Asymmetric contests in social mammals: respect, manipulation and age-specific aspects Type Book Chapter
  Year 1985 Publication Evolution: Essays in Honour of John Maynard Smith Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (down) 173-86  
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  Publisher Camebridge University Press Place of Publication Camebridge Editor Greenwood, P.J.; Slatkin, M.;  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 819  
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Author Kamil, A.C.; Roitblat, H.L. url  openurl
  Title The Ecology of Foraging Behavior: Implications for Animal Learning and Memory Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Annual Review of Psychology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages (down) 141-169  
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  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3543  
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Author Shettleworth, S.J. doi  openurl
  Title Handling time and choice in pigeons Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal J Exp Anal Behav  
  Volume 44 Issue 2 Pages (down) 139-155  
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  Abstract According to optimal foraging theory, animals should prefer food items with the highest ratios of energy intake to handling time. When single items have negligible handling times, one large item should be preferred to a collection of small ones of equivalent total weight. However, when pigeons were offered such a choice on equal concurrent variable-interval schedules in a shuttlebox, they preferred the side offering many small items per reinforcement to that offering one or a few relatively large items. This preference was still evident on concurrent fixed-cumulative-duration schedules in which choosing the alternative with longer handling time substantially lowered the rate of food intake.  
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  ISSN 0022-5002 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:16812429 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 383  
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Author Terrace, H.S. doi  openurl
  Title Animal Cognition: Thinking without Language Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences (1934-1990) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 308 Issue 1135 Pages (down) 113-128  
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  Abstract Recent attempts to teach apes rudimentary grammatical skills have produced negative results. The basic obstacle appears to be at the level of the individual symbol which, for apes, functions only as a demand. Evidence is lacking that apes can use symbols as names, that is, as a means of simply transmitting information. Even though non-human animals lack linguistic competence, much evidence has recently accumulated that a variety of animals can represent particular features of their environment. What then is the non-verbal nature of animal representations? This question will be discussed with reference to the following findings of studies of serial learning by pigeons. While learning to produce a particular sequence of four elements (colours), pigeons also acquire knowledge about the relation between non-adjacent elements and about the ordinal position of a particular element. Learning to produce a particular sequence also facilitates the discrimination of that sequence from other sequences.  
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  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3522  
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Author Galdikas BMF openurl 
  Title Orangutan sociality at Tanjung Puting Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Am. J. Primatol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Pages (down) 101  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2995  
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Author Huff, A.N.; Meacham, T.N.; Wahlberg, M.L. url  doi
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  Title Feeds and feeding: A review Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages (down) 96-108  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4667  
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Author Chase, I.D. url  doi
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  Title The sequential analysis of aggressive acts during hierarchy formation: an application of the `jigsaw puzzle' approach Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages (down) 86-100  
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  Abstract The `jigsaw puzzle' approach is a general method for investigating how interactions among individuals cumulate to form the overall patterns of dominance behaviour in groups. Here, the model is used to discover how aggressive interactions between pairs of individuals modify subsequent interactions with bystanders or third parties. The model indicates that four sequences of successive, aggressive acts are possible in component triads of larger groups: two ensure transitive attack relationships and two can lead to either transitive or intransitive relationships. An application of the model to 14 groups of four hens demonstrates that the two sequences guaranteeing transitivity make up 77% of all sequences. More specifically, hens attacking one group member usually go on to attack a second member, and hens receiving one attack frequently receive a second attack from a bystander. In contrast, an attacked hen rarely `redirects' an attack to a bystander, and a bystander rarely attacks a group member who has just attacked another individual. The application of the jigsaw puzzle approach to aggressive sequences in other species is discussed. Data available for several primate species corroborate the findings in hens and provide support for the method as a general tool for investigating the proximate mechanisms of hierarchy formation.  
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  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 856  
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Author Poling, A.; Thomas, J.; Hall-Johnson, E.; Picker, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Self-control revisited: Some factors that affect autoshaped responding Type Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Behavioural Processes Abbreviated Journal Behav. Process.  
  Volume 10 Issue 1-2 Pages (down) 77-85  
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  Abstract Pigeons were exposed to autoshaping procedures under which 50% of red key illuminations were followed by 9-sec food deliveries, and 50% of blue key illuminations were followed by 3-sec food deliveries. When all key illuminations were 6 sec, pigeons preferred the red stimulus. Subsequent manipulations demonstrated that preference could be shifted to the blue stimulus by either increasing the duration of the red stimulus or imposing a delay interval between the offset of that stimulus and food delivery. A final experiment demonstrated that, in two of three subjects, preference for key illuminations associated with longer, but delayed, food deliveries generally increased as the duration of all key illuminations was lengthened. These results, obtained under conditions where keypecking had no programmed consequences, are similar to those previously observed under procedures involving a positive response-food dependency.  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3606  
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