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Author  |
Cassinello, J.; Pieters, I. |
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Title |
Multi-male captive groups of endangered dama gazelle: Social rank, aggression, and enclosure effects |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Zoo Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zoo Biol. |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
121-129 |
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Keywords |
stress; ungulates; zoos |
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Abstract |
A study carried out in four multi-male groups of captive dama gazelle (Gazella dama mhorr) characterized the social rank order of males and possible enclosure effects on aggression rate. A strong relationship between rank and age was found. The results also showed that dominant individuals in the two smallest enclosures were more aggressive than their herdmates, suggesting a more stressful environment, which might precipitate unstable or challenged hierarchies when the animals live in a more restricted enclosure. Subordinate males performed submissive responses at a higher frequency, irrespective of the size of the enclosure. The frequency of interactions between the gazelles, on the other hand, was affected by enclosure size, since high-ranking males showed higher values than low-ranking males in the two smallest enclosures. Frequencies of aggressive acts, retreats, and related interactions were similar in all the herds. Implications for the management of the species in captivity are discussed. Zoo Biol 19:121–129, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
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1098-2361 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5476 |
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Author |
Chase, I.D. |
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Title |
Music notation: a new method for visualizing social interaction in animals and humans |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Frontiers in zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front Zool |
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3 |
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18 |
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Researchers have developed a variety of techniques for the visual presentation of quantitative data. These techniques can help to reveal trends and regularities that would be difficult to see if the data were left in raw form. Such techniques can be of great help in exploratory data analysis, making apparent the organization of data sets, developing new hypotheses, and in selecting effects to be tested by statistical analysis. Researchers studying social interaction in groups of animals and humans, however, have few tools to present their raw data visually, and it can be especially difficult to perceive patterns in these data. In this paper I introduce a new graphical method for the visual display of interaction records in human and animal groups, and I illustrate this method using data taken on chickens forming dominance hierarchies. RESULTS: This new method presents data in a way that can help researchers immediately to see patterns and connections in long, detailed records of interaction. I show a variety of ways in which this new technique can be used: (1) to explore trends in the formation of both group social structures and individual relationships; (2) to compare interaction records across groups of real animals and between real animals and computer-simulated animal interactions; (3) to search for and discover new types of small-scale interaction sequences; and (4) to examine how interaction patterns in larger groups might emerge from those in component subgroups. In addition, I discuss how this method can be modified and extended for visualizing a variety of different kinds of social interaction in both humans and animals. CONCLUSION: This method can help researchers develop new insights into the structure and organization of social interaction. Such insights can make it easier for researchers to explain behavioural processes, to select aspects of data for statistical analysis, to design further studies, and to formulate appropriate mathematical models and computer simulations. |
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Department of Sociology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4345, USA. ichase@notes.cc.sunysb.edu |
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English |
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1742-9994 |
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PMID:17112384 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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751 |
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Chu, G.Z., et al |
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The summer habitat and population numbers of the Mongolian wild ass in the Kalamaili Mountains Wildlife Reserve, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region |
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1985 |
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Acta Zoologica Sinica |
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Acta Zoologica Sinica |
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31 |
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2 |
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178-186 |
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Chineese |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2258 |
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Author |
Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Harvey, P.H. |
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Title |
Primates, brains and ecology |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Zool. Lond. |
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Volume |
190 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
309-323 |
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The paper examines systematic relationships among primates between brain size (relative to body size) and differences in ecology and social system. Marked differences in relative brain size exist between families. These are correlated with inter-family differences in body size and home range size. Variation in comparative brain size within families is related to diet (folivores have comparatively smaller brains than frugivores), home range size and possibly also to breeding system. The adaptive significance of these relationships is discussed. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5451 |
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Author |
David R, |
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Title |
Breeding the indian wild ass |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1966 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Int Zoo Yearb |
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197-198 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1005 |
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Author |
de Villiers, M.S.; Richardson, P.R.K.; van Jaarsveld, A.S. |
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Title |
Patterns of coalition formation and spatial association in a social carnivore, the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool |
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Volume |
260 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
377-389 |
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Keywords |
coalitions; social systems; Carnivora; Lycaon pictus |
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Abstract |
In many social species, relationships within groups seem to be non-random but related to variables such as rank, kinship or sexual attractiveness. The endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus is a social carnivore that lives in large, stable packs, and intra-pack associations might be expected to display similar patterns. We investigated patterns of coalition formation (support during dominance interactions, and partnership interactions) and resting associations between members of a captive pack of 19 wild dogs. The social organization of the captive pack was similar to that of free-ranging packs in many respects. Polyadic (group) incidents of coalition support were also observed in a free-ranging pack. Patterns of coalition formation in the captive pack were related to rank. Most aggressive interactions involved high-ranking individuals (particularly the alpha, beta and third-ranking males) and coalitionary support tended to reinforce the existing hierarchy. However, there was at least one example of support influencing a successful rank challenge. Support was affected by potential risks and benefits, the latter including dominance through association and revolutionary alliances. An even stronger pattern overlaid associations between pack members: coalitions and resting associations were strongest between members of the same age–sex cohort, and may have enabled the eventual dominance of younger pack members over adults. Among adults, coalitionary associations were sometimes overridden by intersexual relationships. The results from this captive pack suggest that wild dogs are sensitive to differences in competitive ability. This information, in conjunction with strong affiliative bonds between littermates, is used to manoeuvre for position in the social hierarchy. It may also be important during dispersal, in encounters with other dispersing groups of the same sex. Although most features of the social structure of the captive pack were comparable to those of free-ranging packs, aspects such as the influence of relatedness on coalition formation still need to be explored. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5249 |
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Author |
DOBRORUKA LJ et al, |
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Title |
An analysis of the population of Grevy's zebra |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1987 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Int Zoo Yb |
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26 |
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Pages |
290-293 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1018 |
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Author |
Dolan Jm, |
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Title |
Przewalski's horse, Equus przewalskii Poliakov, 1881, in the United States prior to 1940 and its influence of the present breeding |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Zoologische Garten |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zool. Garten. |
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52 |
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49-65 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1019 |
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DOREAU M et al, |
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Title |
Activités alimentaires nocturnes du cheval au pâturage |
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1980 |
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Ann Zootech |
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29 |
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299-304 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1022 |
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Author |
Doreau M, |
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Title |
Comportement alimentaire du cheval à l`écurie |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1978 |
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Ann Zootech |
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27 |
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291-302 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1021 |
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