Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database -- Query Results

	Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains: ...
	21-30 of 53 records found matching your query:

Search & Display Options

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 >>

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	Reimers, M.; Schwarzenberger, F.; Preuschoft, S.
	Title	Rehabilitation of research chimpanzees: stress and coping after long-term isolation			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Hormones and Behavior	Abbreviated Journal	Horm Behav
	Volume	51	Issue	3	Pages	428-435
	Keywords	Adaptation, Psychological/physiology; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Exploratory Behavior; Hydrocortisone/analysis/metabolism; Male; Models, Biological; Pan troglodytes; Social Dominance; Social Environment; Social Isolation/psychology; Stress/*rehabilitation/veterinary; Time
	Abstract	We report on the permanent retirement of chimpanzees from biomedical research and on resocialization after long-term social isolation. Our aim was to investigate to what extent behavioral and endocrine measures of stress in deprived laboratory chimpanzees can be improved by a more species-typical social life style. Personality in terms of novelty responses, social dominance after resocialization and hormonal stress susceptibility were affected by the onset of maternal separation of infant chimpanzees and duration of deprivation. Chimpanzees, who were separated from their mothers at a younger age and kept in isolation for more years appeared to be more timid personalities, less socially active, less dominant and more susceptible to stress, as compared to chimpanzees with a less severe deprivation history. However, permanent retirement from biomedical research in combination with therapeutic resocialization maximizing chimpanzees' situation control resulted in reduced fecal cortisol metabolite levels. Our results indicate that chimpanzees can recover from severe social deprivation, and may experience resocialization as less stressful than solitary housing.
	Address	Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinarplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria. reimers@wild-vet.at
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0018-506X	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:17292368			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4188
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Barth, J.; Reaux, J.E.; Povinelli, D.J.
	Title	Chimpanzees' (Pan troglodytes) use of gaze cues in object-choice tasks: different methods yield different results			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	8	Issue	2	Pages	84-92
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Choice Behavior; Cues; Eye Movements; Female; Male; Nonverbal Communication; Orientation; Pan troglodytes/psychology; Social Environment
	Abstract	To assess the influence of different procedures on chimpanzees' performance in object-choice tasks, five adult chimpanzees were tested using three experimenter-given cues to food location: gazing, glancing, and pointing. These cues were delivered to the subjects in an identical fashion but were deployed within the context of two distinct meta-procedures that have been previously employed with this species with conflicting results. In one procedure, the subjects entered the test unit and approached the experimenter (who had already established the cue) on each trial. In the other procedure, the subjects stayed in the test unit throughout a session, witnessed the hiding procedure, and waited for a delay of 10 s during which the cue was provided. The subjects scored at high levels far exceeding chance in response to the gaze cue only when they approached the experimenter for each trial. They performed at chance levels when they stayed inside the test unit throughout the session. They scored at chance levels on all other cues irrespective of the procedure. These findings imply that (a) chimpanzees can immediately exploit social gaze cues, and (b) previous conflicting findings were likely due to the different meta-procedures that were used.
	Address	Department of Neurocognition, Faculty of Psychology, Universiteit Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. j.barth@psychology.unimaas.nl
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:15449100			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2510
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Stoinski, T.S.; Whiten, A.
	Title	Social learning by orangutans (Pongo abelii and Pongo pygmaeus) in a simulated food-processing task			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2003	Publication	Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)	Abbreviated Journal	J Comp Psychol
	Volume	117	Issue	3	Pages	272-282
	Keywords	Animal Communication; Animals; Feeding Behavior; Female; Imitative Behavior; Male; Pongo pygmaeus/psychology; Problem Solving; Psychomotor Performance; Social Environment; Species Specificity; *Transfer (Psychology)
	Abstract	Increasing evidence for behavioral differences between populations of primates has created a resurgence of interest in examining mechanisms of information transfer between individuals. The authors examined the social transmission of information in 15 captive orangutans (Pongo abelii and Pongo pygmaeus) using a simulated food-processing task. Experimental subjects were shown 1 of 2 methods for removing a suite of defenses on an “artificial fruit.” Control subjects were given no prior exposure before interacting with the fruit. Observing a model provided a functional advantage in the task, as significantly more experimental than control subjects opened the fruit. Within the experimental groups, the authors found a trend toward differences in the actual behaviors used to remove 1 of the defenses. Results support observations from the wild implying horizontal transfer of information in orangutans and show that a number of social learning processes are likely to be involved in the transfer of knowledge in this species.
	Address	Department of Primate Research, Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315, USA. tstoinski@zooatlanta.org
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7036	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:14498803			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	737
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Loveland, K.A.
	Title	Self-recognition in the bottlenose dolphin: ecological considerations			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1995	Publication	Consciousness and Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Conscious Cogn
	Volume	4	Issue	2	Pages	254-257
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Awareness; Body Image; Dolphins/psychology; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Male; Self Concept; Social Environment; Species Specificity; Television; *Visual Perception
	Abstract
	Address	Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77025, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1053-8100	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8521267			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4161
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kalin, N.H.; Shelton, S.E.
	Title	Nonhuman primate models to study anxiety, emotion regulation, and psychopathology			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2003	Publication	Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences	Abbreviated Journal	Ann N Y Acad Sci
	Volume	1008	Issue		Pages	189-200
	Keywords	Affect/physiology; Amygdala/blood supply; Animals; Anxiety/genetics/psychology; Brain/blood supply; Brain Stem/blood supply; Carrier Proteins/genetics; Electroencephalography; Inhibition (Psychology); Macaca mulatta; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Prefrontal Cortex/blood supply; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Social Environment; Temperament; Tomography, Emission-Computed
	Abstract	This paper demonstrates that the rhesus monkey provides an excellent model to study mechanisms underlying human anxiety and fear and emotion regulation. In previous studies with rhesus monkeys, stable, brain, endocrine, and behavioral characteristics related to individual differences in anxiety were found. It was suggested that, when extreme, these features characterize an anxious endophenotype and that these findings in the monkey are particularly relevant to understanding adaptive and maladaptive anxiety responses in humans. The monkey model is also relevant to understanding the development of human psychopathology. For example, children with extremely inhibited temperament are at increased risk to develop anxiety disorders, and these children have behavioral and biological alterations that are similar to those described in the monkey anxious endophenotype. It is likely that different aspects of the anxious endophenotype are mediated by the interactions of limbic, brain stem, and cortical regions. To understand the brain mechanisms underlying adaptive anxiety responses and their physiological concomitants, a series of studies in monkeys lesioning components of the neural circuitry (amygdala, central nucleus of the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex) hypothesized to play a role are currently being performed. Initial findings suggest that the central nucleus of the amygdala modulates the expression of behavioral inhibition, a key feature of the endophenotype. In preliminary FDG positron emission tomography (PET) studies, functional linkages were established between the amygdala and prefrontal cortical regions that are associated with the activation of anxiety.
	Address	Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53711, USA. nkalin@facstaff.wisc.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0077-8923	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:14998885			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4133
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Hostetter, A.B.; Cantero, M.; Hopkins, W.D.
	Title	*Differential use of vocal and gestural communication by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in response to the attentional status of a human (Homo sapiens)*			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2001	Publication	Journal of Comparative Psychology	Abbreviated Journal	J. Comp. Psychol.
	Volume	115	Issue	4	Pages	337-343
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Communication Methods, Total; Female; Gestures; Humans; Male; Motivation; Pan troglodytes/psychology; Social Environment; Species Specificity; *Vocalization, Animal
	Abstract	This study examined the communicative behavior of 49 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), particularly their use of vocalizations, manual gestures, and other auditory- or tactile-based behaviors as a means of gaining an inattentive audience's attention. A human (Homo sapiens) experimenter held a banana while oriented either toward or away from the chimpanzee. The chimpanzees' behavior was recorded for 60 s. Chimpanzees emitted vocalizations faster and were more likely to produce vocalizations as their 1st communicative behavior when a human was oriented away from them. Chimpanzees used manual gestures more frequently and faster when the human was oriented toward them. These results replicate the findings of earlier studies on chimpanzee gestural communication and provide new information about the intentional and functional use of their vocalizations.
	Address	Department of Psychology, Berry College, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7036	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:11824896			Approved	yes
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4970
Permanent link to this record



	Author	de Waal, F.B.
	Title	Macaque social culture: development and perpetuation of affiliative networks			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)	Abbreviated Journal	J Comp Psychol
	Volume	110	Issue	2	Pages	147-154
	Keywords	Animals; Dominance-Subordination; Female; Macaca mulatta/psychology; Male; Maternal Behavior; Peer Group; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; Social Distance; Social Environment
	Abstract	Maternal affiliative relations may be transmitted to offspring, similar to the way in which maternal rank determines offspring rank. The development of 23 captive female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was followed from the day of birth until adulthood. A multivariate analysis compared relations among age peers with affiliative relations, kinship, and rank distance among mothers. Maternal relations were an excellent predictor of affiliative relations among daughters, explaining up to 64% of the variance. Much of this predictability was due to the effect of kinship. However, after this variable had been controlled, significant predictability persisted. For relations of female subjects with male peers, on the other hand, maternal relations had no significant predictive value beyond the effect of kinship. One possible explanation of these results is that young rhesus females copy maternal social preferences through a process of cultural learning.
	Address	Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. dewaal@rmy.emory.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7036	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8681528			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	204
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Weiss, A.; King, J.E.; Figueredo, A.J.
	Title	The heritability of personality factors in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2000	Publication	Behavior Genetics	Abbreviated Journal	Behav Genet
	Volume	30	Issue	3	Pages	213-221
	Keywords	Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Models, Genetic; Pan troglodytes/genetics; Personality/genetics; Social Environment
	Abstract	Human personality and behavior genetic studies have resulted in a growing consensus that five heritable factors account for most variance in human personality. Prior research showed that chimpanzee personality is composed of a dominance-related factor and five human-like factors--Surgency, Dependability, Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, and Openness. Genetic, shared zoo, and nonshared environmental variance components of the six factors were estimated by regressing squared phenotypic differences of all possible pairs of chimpanzees onto 1 – Rij, where Rij equals the degree of relationship and a variable indicating whether the pair was housed in the same zoo. Dominance showed significant narrow-sense heritability. Shared zoo effects accounted for only a negligible proportion of the variance for all factors.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. aweiss@u.arizona.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0001-8244	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:11105395			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4143
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bering, J.M.
	Title	A critical review of the “enculturation hypothesis”: the effects of human rearing on great ape social cognition			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2004	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	7	Issue	4	Pages	201-212
	Keywords	Animals; Cognition; Culture; Hominidae/psychology; Humans; Imitative Behavior; Imprinting (Psychology); Intention; Macaca; Psychological Theory; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Species Specificity
	Abstract	Numerous investigators have argued that early ontogenetic immersion in sociocultural environments facilitates cognitive developmental change in human-reared great apes more characteristic of Homo sapiens than of their own species. Such revamping of core, species-typical psychological systems might be manifest, according to this argument, in the emergence of mental representational competencies, a set of social cognitive skills theoretically consigned to humans alone. Human-reared great apes' capacity to engage in “true imitation,” in which both the means and ends of demonstrated actions are reproduced with fairly high rates of fidelity, and laboratory great apes' failure to do so, has frequently been interpreted as reflecting an emergent understanding of intentionality in the former. Although this epigenetic model of the effects of enculturation on social cognitive systems may be well-founded and theoretically justified in the biological literature, alternative models stressing behavioral as opposed to representational change have been largely overlooked. Here I review some of the controversy surrounding enculturation in great apes, and present an alternative nonmentalistic version of the enculturation hypothesis that can also account for enhanced imitative performance on object-oriented problem-solving tasks in human-reared animals.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. jbering@uark.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:15004739			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2543
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Devenport, J.A.; Patterson, M.R.; Devenport, L.D.
	Title	*Dynamic averaging and foraging decisions in horses (Equus callabus)*			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Journal of Comparative psychology	Abbreviated Journal	J. Comp. Psychol.
	Volume	119	Issue	3	Pages	352-358
	Keywords	Animals; Decision Making; Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/psychology; Male; Memory, Short-Term; Motivation; Orientation; *Social Environment
	Abstract	The variability of most environments taxes foraging decisions by increasing the uncertainty of the information available. One solution to the problem is to use dynamic averaging, as do some granivores and carnivores. Arguably, the same strategy could be useful for grazing herbivores, even though their food renews and is more homogeneously distributed. Horses (Equus callabus) were given choices between variable patches after short or long delays. When patch information was current, horses returned to the patch that was recently best, whereas those without current information matched choices to the long-term average values of the patches. These results demonstrate that a grazing species uses dynamic averaging and indicate that, like granivores and carnivores, they can use temporal weighting to optimize foraging decisions.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Central Oklahoma, 73034, USA. jdevenport@ucok.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7036	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16131264			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	752
Permanent link to this record

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 >>

Details

CQL Search | Library Search | Show Record | Extract Citations

Help