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| Author | Hinson, R.E. | ||||
| Title | Effects of UCS preexposure on excitatory and inhibitory rabbit eyelid conditioning: an associative effect of conditioned contextual stimuli | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 49-61 |
| Keywords | Animals; Association Learning; Cognition; *Conditioning, Eyelid; *Inhibition (Psychology); Practice (Psychology); Rabbits; Reaction Time | ||||
Abstract  |
Preconditioning experience with the unconditional stimulus (UCS) retards subsequent excitatory conditioning. Three experiments demonstrated that this UCS retardation effect is attenuated by associative manipulations of contextual stimuli of the UCS preexposure environment. The UCS retardation effect was reduced by (a) altering contextual stimuli between preexposure and conditioning (Experiment 1), (b) latently inhibiting contextual stimuli prior to UCS preexposure (Experiment 2), and (c) extinguishing contextual stimuli subsequent to UCS preexposure (Experiment 3). Although UCS preexposure retarded excitatory conditioning, the results of Experiment 4 demonstrated that UCS preexposure facilitated inhibitory conditioning. These results indicate that an association between contextual stimuli and the preexposed UCS contributes to the effects of preconditioning UCS experience on subsequent learning. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7057144 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2787 | ||
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| Author | Alexander, F. | ||||
| Title | Effect of phenylbutazone on electrolyte metabolism in ponies | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
| Volume | 110 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 271-272 |
| Keywords | Animals; Chlorides/metabolism; Electrolytes/*metabolism; Horses/*metabolism; Male; Phenylbutazone/*pharmacology; Sodium/metabolism | ||||
| Abstract |
Phenylbutazone administered in therapeutic doses to ponies decreased urinary sodium and chloride excretion. The volume and osmolality of the urine was unaffected as was potassium excretion. Faecal excretion of chloride decreased and that of potassium increased, while faecal sodium excretion was unaffected. Plasma pH, bicarbonate and total carbon dioxide decreased after phenylbutazone administration. Packed cell volume, plasma sodium, potassium, carbon dioxide tension and chloride were unchanged. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7080416 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 109 | ||
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| Author | Oese, E. und Autorenkollektiv | ||||
| Title | Pferdesport – Ein Handbuch für Trainer, Übungsleiter, Pferdezüchter und Aktive. | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract |
Pferdekunde, Pflege und Haltung des Pferdes, Grundausbildung des Reiters, Grundausbildung des Pferdes, Grundlagen der allgemeinen Trainings und Wettkampflehre des Pferdesports, Dressurtraining, Springtraining, Gelände, Vielseitigkeits und Militarytraining, Fahren, Voltigieren, Pferdeleistungsprüfungen, Reitjagd, Reittouristik... | ||||
| Address | Pferd, Pferde, Reiter, Reiten, Pferdesport, Pferdezucht, Rennpferd, Reitpferd, Koppel, Sattel, Fohlen, Hengst, Wallach, Araber, Warmblut, Kaltblut, Haflinger, Gebrauchspferd, Stall, Turnier, Reithalle, Huf, Schweif, Pony, Kleinpferd, Halfter, Gerte... | ||||
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| Publisher | Sportverlag | Place of Publication | Berlin | Editor | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4437 | ||
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| Author | Campitelli, S.; Carenzi, C.; Verga, M. | ||||
| Title | Factors which influence parturition in the mare and development of the foal | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Applied Animal Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 7-14 |
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| Abstract |
Observations are reported of 127 foals born to 127 mares. In particular, comparisons are made between the mare's tendency to foal at night, the length of gestation, the weight of the foal and the weight of the foetal membrane, the time taken by the foal to attain a standing position and the time taken by the mare to expel the foetal membrane and the age of the mare and the season. The new facts that emerge from the results are: (a) foals from middle-aged (6–11 years) mares are heavier; (b) variations of gestation length are related to the month of conception (just a trend, not a statistically significant result); (c) time for the foal to stand is related to the foal sex (females: 56.3 minutes; males 70.6 minutes, on average), and to the time taken by the mare to expel the foetal membrane; (d) parturitions take place mainly (80%) during the hours of darkness. In spring, the percentage of night births (85%) is higher than in winter (78%). |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 984 | |||
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| Author | Gonzalez-Fernandez, J.M.; Atta, S.E. | ||||
| Title | Facilitated transport of oxygen in the presence of membranes in the diffusion path | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Biophysical Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Biophys J |
| Volume | 38 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 133-141 |
| Keywords | Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Cell Membrane/*metabolism; Diffusion; Dogs; Horses; Humans; Kinetics; Mathematics; *Models, Biological; Muscles/*metabolism; Oxygen/*metabolism | ||||
| Abstract |
Most of the experimental observations on facilitated transport have been done with millipore filters, and all the theoretical studies have assumed homogeneous spatial properties. In striated muscle there exist membranes that may impede the diffusion of the carrier myoglobin. In this paper a theoretical study is undertaken to analyze the transport in the presence of membranes in the diffusion path. For the numerical computations physiologically relevant values of the parameters were chosen. The numerical results indicate that the presence of membranes tends to decrease the facilitation. For the nonlinear chemical kinetics of the reaction of oxygen with the carrier, this decrement also depends on the location of the membranes. At the higher oxygen concentration side of each membrane the flow of combined oxygen is transferred to the flow of dissolved oxygen. The reverse process occurs at the lower concentration side. Jump discontinuities of the concentration of the oxygen-carrier compound at each membrane are associated with these transfers. The decrement of facilitation is due to the cumulative effect of these jump discontinuities. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0006-3495 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7093418 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3806 | ||
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| Author | Shettleworth, S.J.; Krebs, J.R. | ||||
| Title | How marsh tits find their hoards: the roles of site preference and spatial memory | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 354-375 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Birds; Cues; Discrimination Learning; *Memory; *Mental Recall; *Orientation; *Space Perception | ||||
| Abstract |
Marsh tits (Parus palustris) store single food items in scattered locations and recover them hours or days later. Some properties of the spatial memory involved were analyzed in two laboratory experiments. In the first, marsh tits were offered 97 sites for storing 12 seeds. They recovered a median of 65% of them 2-3 hr later, making only two errors per seed while doing so. Over trials, they used some sites more often than others, but during recovery they were more likely to visit a site of any preference value if they had stored a seed there that day than if they had not. Recovery performance was much worse if the experimenters moved the seeds between storage and recovery. A fixed search strategy that had some of the same average properties as the tits' search behavior also did worse than the real birds. In Experiment 2, any tendency to visit the same sites on successive daily tests in the aviary was placed in opposition to memory for storage sites by allowing the tits to store more seeds 2 hr after storing a first batch. They tended to avoid individual storage sites holding seeds from the first batch. When the tits searched for all the seeds 2 hr later, they tended to recover more seeds from the second batch than from the first, i.e., there was a recency effect. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7175447 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 385 | ||
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| Author | Beck, B.B. | ||||
| Title | Chimpocentrism: Bias in cognitive ethology | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Human Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 3-17 |
| Keywords | herring gull; chimpanzee; cognition; tool-use; shell-dropping; mollusk; predation | ||||
| Abstract |
Herring gulls drop hard-shelled mollusks and hermit crab-inhabited molluskan prey in order to break the shells and gain access to the edible interior. A field study of predatory shell dropping on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S.A. showed that the gulls usually drop the same shell repeatedly, orient directly to dropping sites that are invisible from the point at which the mollusks are captured, drop preferentially on hard surfaces, adjust dropping heights to suit the area and elasticity of the substrate, orient directly into the wind while dropping, sever the large defensive cheliped of hermit crabs before consumption, and rinse prey that is difficult to swallow. Proficiency in prey dropping is acquired through dropping objects in play, trial-and-error learning, and perhaps, observation learning. Observable attributes of predatory shell-dropping support inferences that the gulls are capable of extended concentration, purposefulness, mental representation of spatially and temporally displaced environmental features, cognitive mapping, cognitive modeling, selectivity, and strategy formation. Identical cognitive processes have been inferred to underlie the most sophisticated forms of chimpanzee tool-use. Advanced cognitive capacities are not restricted to chimpanzees and other pongids, and are not associated uniquely with tool use. The chimpocentric bias should be abandoned, and reconstructions of the evolution of intelligence should be modified accordingly. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4414 | ||
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| Author | Duncan, P. | ||||
| Title | Foal killing by stallions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Applied Animal Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 567-570 |
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| Abstract |
Feral horses live in social systems similar to those of some species in which infant killing has been reported (e.g. lions), but such behaviour has been reported neither in horses nor in any other ungulate. The results of interviews with owners of free-ranging horses (Camargue breed) are given which show that, though rare, infant killing occurs in this breed, and that it seems to be confined to male foals. It is argued that the observed behaviour cannot simply be considered as pathological, and that close attention should be paid to the possibility that it occurs in wild and feral equids. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0304-3762 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5260 | ||
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| Author | Dyson, H.J.; Beattie, J.K. | ||||
| Title | Spin state and unfolding equilibria of ferricytochrome c in acidic solutions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | The Journal of Biological Chemistry | Abbreviated Journal | J Biol Chem |
| Volume | 257 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 2267-2273 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Cytochrome c Group; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Heme; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Ligands; Myocardium; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Spectrophotometry; Temperature | ||||
| Abstract |
Equilibrium, stopped flow, and temperature-jump spectrophotometry have been used to identify processes in the unfolding of ferricytochrome c in acidic aqueous solutions. A relaxation occurring in approximately 100 microseconds involves perturbation of a spin-equilibrium between two folded conformers of the protein with methionine-80 coordinated or dissociated from the heme iron. The protein unfolds more slowly, in milliseconds, with dissociation and protonation of histidine-18. These two transitions appear cooperative in equilibrium measurements at low (0.01 M) ionic strength, but are separated at higher (0.10 M) ionic strength. They are resolved under both conditions in the dynamic measurements. The spin-equilibrium description permits a unified explanation of a number of properties of ferricytochrome c in acidic aqueous solutions. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0021-9258 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:6277891 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3807 | ||
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| Author | Gless, K | ||||
| Title | Das Pferd im Militärwesen | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Militärverlag der DDR | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract |
Der Autor beschreibt die Verwendung und den Werdegang des Pferdes im Militärwesen während der letzten 4000 Jahre – beginnend bei den Hethitern im 17. Jahrhundert vor Christus bis nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg... Aus dem Inhalt: Einleitung, Streitwagen und Pferdebogner, Von Xenophon bis Mohammed, Ritterschaft und Mongolenheere, Von den Hussiten bis zu den Budjonnyreitern, Literatur, Sachwortregister | ||||
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| Publisher | Militärverlag der DDR | Place of Publication | Berlin | Editor | |
| Language | Deutsch | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 409 | ||
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