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Author | van Duyne, C.; Ras, E.; de Vos, A.E.W.; de Boer, W.F.; Henkens, R.J.H.G.; Usukhjargal, D. | ||||
Title | Wolf Predation Among Reintroduced Przewalski Horses in Hustai National Park, Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | Journal of Wildlife Management | Abbreviated Journal | Journal of Wildlife Management |
Volume | 73 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 836-843 |
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Publisher | The Wildlife Society | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 0022-541x | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | doi: 10.2193/2008-027 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5776 | ||
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Author | Zeitler-Feicht, M.H.; Streit, S.; Dempfle, L. | ||||
Title | Abrufautomaten für Pferde im Offenlaufstall im Vergleich – Besuchshäufigkeit, Aufenthaltsdauer und Anzahl an Auseinandersetzungen [A comparison of automatic feeding systems for horses in run-out-sheds – frequency of visit, duration of stay and number of conflicts] | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | KTBL-Schrift | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 479 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Abstract | In 32 Offenlaufställen mit computergesteuerten Abrufstationen wurden die Aufenthaltsdauer und Besuchshäufigkeit sowie das Droh- und Meideverhalten von 439 Pferden im Füttererungsbereich erfasst. Je Betrieb erfolgten visuelle kontinuierliche Direktbeobachtungen nach dem Tortenstückverfahren (6 x 4 Stunden) für je einen 24-Stunden-Tag. Ziel war die Überprüfung der verschiedenen Bauausführungen der Abrufstationen unter dem Aspekt der Tiergerechtheit. Eine Einwegstation reduzierte signifikant die Anzahl an Auseinandersetzungen im Fütterungsbereich. Demgegenüber führten die für das fressende Pferd tiergerechten Varianten (Fressstand mit Eingangssperre und ohne Austreibehilfe) zu einer Erhöhung der Besuchshäufigkeit und Aufenthaltsdauer und somit auch zu einer erhöhten Anzahl an Drohgesten. Doch insgesamt betrachtet, kann die Anzahl an sozionegativen Interaktionen im Fütterungsbereich der Abrufstationen als relativ gering eingestuft werden. Da sich außerdem der Betrieb (Management, Fläche, Konzeption) als maßgeblicher Einflussfaktor auf die überprüften Parameter erwies, dürften die Unterschiede in der Bauausführung der derzeitigen Abrufstationen für Pferde eher von untergeordneter Bedeutung sein. [Duration of stay, frequency of visit, threatening gestures and behaviour of avoidance of 439 horses was observed at the feeding area of 32 run-out-sheds. The observation was based on the method of visual continuously direct watching after the pie chart system (6 x 4 hours) over a period of 24 hours. The observation should show which construction of the different automatic feeding systems corresponded best under the aspect of animal welfare. It was obvious that the one-way-station reduced significantly the number of conflicts in the feeding area, whereas those systems which are appropriate for the eating horses (feeding station with access barrier and without stimulation device by electric shock) led to a higher frequency of visits and duration of stay as well as to more threatening gestures. Considering altogether, the number of negative interactions in the feeding area of the feeding systems can be classified as comparatively unimportant. As it showed that the stable (management, stable area, conception) was of important influence on the surveyed parameters, the differences between the constructions of feeding stations for horses of present systems are probably of less meaning.] |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5775 | ||
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Author | Zeitler-Feicht, M. H.; Streit, S.; Dempfle, L. | ||||
Title | Automatic feeding systems for horses in group housing systems with regard to animal welfare. Part 2: Comparison of different automatic feeding systems | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Tierärztliche Praxis Großtiere | Abbreviated Journal | Tierärztl Prax |
Volume | 39 | Issue | G | Pages | 33-40 |
Keywords | Pferd, Fütterungssystem, Bauvarianten, soziale Interaktionen, Besuchshäufigkeit, Aufenthaltsdauer, Herzfrequenz, Verletzungsrisiko [Horse, feeding system, different types of construction, social interactions, visiting frequency, duration of stay, heart rate, risk of injury] | ||||
Abstract | Ziel: Überprüfung der Tiergerechtheit von in der Bauweise unterschiedlichen Futterabrufstationen für Pferde in Gruppenhaltung anhand ethologischer und physiologischer Parameter. Material und Methoden: In 32 Offenlaufställen (452 Pferde) mit computergesteuerten Abrufstationen für Kraftfutter und Heu erfolgten kontinuierliche Direktbeobachtungen für je einen 24-Stunden-Tag (Tortenstückverfahren). Erfasst wurden: Aufenthaltsdauer, Besuchshäufigkeit, Droh- und Meideverhalten im Fütterungsbereich, Blockaden sowie Herzfrequenz und Integumentverletzungen. Ergebnisse: Eine Durchlaufstation reduzierte die Zahl der Auseinandersetzungen im Fütterungsbereich signifikant. Ansonsten erhöhten die für das fressende Pferd tiergerechten Varianten (Fressstand mit Eingangssperre, ohne Austreibehilfe) Besuchshäufigkeit und Aufenthaltsdauer und steigerten somit auch die Anzahl an Drohgesten je Tier und Tag. Insgesamt betrachtet kann jedoch die Anzahl an sozionegativen Interaktionen im Fütterungsbereich der Abrufstationen als relativ gering eingestuft werden. Die Herzfrequenz lag im Warteareal bei den meisten Pferden im physiologischen Bereich (45,1 ± 12,42 Schläge/min), erhöhte sich jedoch in der Abrufstation um ca. 20 Schläge/min. Einige Tiere zeigten möglicherweise stressbedingt kurzfristig auffallend hohe Werte (≥ 100 Schläge/ min). Integumentverletzungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Fütterungssystem traten nicht auf. Der wichtigste Einflussfaktor auf die Untersuchungskriterien war der Betrieb (Fläche, Konzeption, Management). Schlussfolgerung: Durchlaufstationen sind pferdegerechter als Rücklaufstationen. Nicht tiergerecht sind Stationen mit stromführender Austreibehilfe. Weitere bauliche Unterschiede der derzeitigen Futterabrufstationen dürften eher von untergeordneter Bedeutung sein, vor allem da Flächengebot und Konzeption der Offenstallanlage sowie das Management die überprüften Kriterien zur Tiergerechtheit maßgeblich beeinflussen. Untersuchungen zur Abklärung der Ursache für die vereinzelt aufgetretenen sehr hohen Herzfrequenzwerte sollten durchgeführt werden. Objective: Comparison with regard to animal welfare of different automatic feeding systems for hay and concentrate in group housing systems for horses using parameters of ethology and physiology. Material and methods: Parameters of research comprised: duration of stay, frequency of visit, threatening behaviour with and without risk of injury, and avoiding behaviour as well as heart rate and injuries of the integument. 452 horses were observed at the feeding area of 32 run-out-sheds. Every group of horses was continuously observed following the pie chart system for 24 hours. Results: The “walk-through” station significantly reduced the number of conflicts in the feeding area, whereas those systems which are appropriate for the feeding horses (feeding station with access barrier and without stimulation device by electric shock) led to a higher frequency of visits and a longer duration of stay resulting in more threatening gestures. However, the number of negative interactions in the feeding area of the feeding systems can all together be classified as relatively insignificant. The heart rate was within the physiological range (45.1 ± 12.42 beats/min) in the waiting area, but increased by approximately 20 beats/min on average within the feeding station. Some horses showed a very high heart rate (≥ 100 beats/min) while entering the feeding station, possibly stress-related. There were no injuries of the integument associated with the feeding systems. The most important factor of the observation criteria was the individual group housing system with its different dimensions, conception and management. Conclusion: “Walk-through” stations are better than ”walk-back” stations with regard to animal welfare. Likewise, automatic feeding stations with a current-carrying stimulation device are not supportive of good welfare. The other differences between the constructions of feeding stations of present systems are probably of less importance, particularly as it was shown that the stable (management, stable area, conception) had a significant influence on the surveyed parameters. Investigations to obtain information on the cause for the sporadic occurrence of very high heart rate values should be undertaken.] |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5766 | ||
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Author | Zeitler-Feicht, M. H.; Streit, S.; Dempfle, L. | ||||
Title | Automatic feeding systems for horses in group housing systems with regard to animal welfare. Part 1: Feeding stalls versus automatic feeding systems | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Tierärztliche Praxis Großtiere | Abbreviated Journal | Tierärztl Prax |
Volume | 38 | Issue | G | Pages | 363-370 |
Keywords | Pferd, Fütterungseinrichtungen, soziale Interaktionen, Herzfrequenz, Verletzungsrisiko, Betriebseinfluss [Horse, feeding stations, social interactions, heart rate, risk of injury, individual farm management] | ||||
Abstract | Gegenstand und Ziel: Überprüfung der Tiergerechtheit von Abrufstationen für Kraftfutter und Heu in der Gruppenhaltung von Pferden anhand ethologischer und physiologischer Parameter im Vergleich zu konventionellen Fressständen. Material und Methoden: Die Verhaltensbeobachtungen fanden in 11 bzw. 10 Offenlaufställen mit Abrufstationen bzw. Fressständen statt. 270 Pferde wurden individuell unterschieden. Untersuchungsparameter waren: Drohverhalten mit und ohne Verletzungsrisiko, Meideverhalten, Verdrängung aus dem Fressstand sowie Herzfrequenz und Integumentverletzungen. In jedem Betrieb erfolgten kontinuierliche Direktbeobachtungen für je einen 24-Stunden-Tag (Tortenstückverfahren). Ergebnisse: Im Wartebereich der Abrufautomaten traten signifikant mehr Drohgesten ohne bzw. mit Verletzungsgefahr je Pferd und Tag (8,6 bzw. 3,0) auf als im Wartebereich der Fressstände (3,4 bzw. 0,9). Demgegenüber konnten die Pferde in Abrufstationen (1,4 Drohgesten je Pferd und Tag) ungestörter fressen als in Fressständen (3,2 Drohgesten je Pferd und Tag). Insgesamt betrachtet ergab sich jedoch bei beiden Fütterungssystemen eine geringe Anzahl an sozionegativen Interaktionen im Bereich der Futtereinrichtungen. Die Herzfrequenz lag im Warteareal im Durchschnitt im physiologischen Bereich (44,59 ± 11,73 Schläge/min). Integumentverletzungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Fütterungssystem traten nicht auf. Der wichtigste Einflussfaktor auf die Untersuchungskriterien war der Betrieb (Fläche, Konzeption, Management). Schlussfolgerung: Unter dem Aspekt der Tiergerechtheit hinsichtlich des Stress- und Verletzungsrisikos durch soziale Interaktionen eignen sich bei ordnungsgemäßer Gruppenhaltung mit fachgerechtem Management sowohl Fressstände als auch Abrufstationen für Pferde im Offenlaufstall. [Objective: A comparison with regard to animal welfare of feeding stalls and automatic feeding systems for hay and concentrates in group housing systems for horses using parameters of ethology and physiology. Material and method: The observations of animal behaviour took place in 10 stables with feeding stalls and in 11 stables with automatic feeding systems. The field around the feeding systems was divided into three areas with comparable dimensions (waiting area, exit area and inside of the feeding system). 270 horses were individually observed. Parameters of research comprised: threatening behaviour with and without risk of injury, avoiding behaviour, ”chasing away from the feeding place”, as well as heart rate and injuries of the integument. Every group of horses was continuously observed for 24 hours. This observation took place on four different days and comprised six sessions, each of 4 hours. Results: In the waiting area of the automatic systems there were significantly more threatening gestures with and without risk of injuries for each horse and day (8.6 and 3.0, respectively) than in the waiting area of the feeding stalls. In contrast, the horses could eat more relaxed in the automatic systems (1.4 threatening gestures for each horse and day) than in the feeding stalls (3.2 threatening gestures for each horse and day). All together the number of negative interactions in the feeding area of both feeding systems was relatively low. The heart rate was within the physiological range (44,59 ± 11,73 beats/min) in the waiting area. There were no injuries of the integument in correlation with the feeding systems. The most important factor of the observation criteria was the individual group housing system with its different dimension, conception and management. Conclusion: Under the aspect of animal welfare both feeding systems are suitable for horses with respect to the risk of stress and injuries by social interactions and under the condition of proper group housing with professional management.] |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5765 | ||
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Author | Zeitler-Feicht, M. H.; Walker, S.; Buxade, C.; Reiter, K. | ||||
Title | Untersuchungen verschiedener Formen der Heuvorlage bei Pferden unter ethologischem Aspekt | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2004 | Publication | KTBL Schriften | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 437 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5764 | ||
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Author | Streit, S.; Zeitler-Feicht, M. H.; Dempfle, L. | ||||
Title | Gibt es in der Gruppenhaltung von Pferden bei der Abruffütterung am Automaten mehr Auseinandersetzungen als bei der Fütterung in Fressständen? [Keeping horses in groups, are there more confrontations when feeding is done with automatic feeding systems than with feeding stalls?] | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2008 | Publication | KTBL-Schriften | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 471 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Abstract | Das Droh- und Meideverhalten von 270 Pferden wurde im Fressbereich von 10 Offenlaufställen mit Fressständen und 11 Offenlaufställen mit computergesteuerten Abrufstationen anhand von visuellen kontinuierlichen Direktbeobachtungen erfasst. Diese erfolgten je Betrieb über einen 24-Stunden-Tag, der nach dem Tortenstückverfahren (6x4 Stunden) zusammengesetzt war. Insgesamt wurden 6297 agonistische Verhaltensweisen in, vor und hinter den Fütterungseinrichtungen registriert (Meiden 40,6 %, Verdrängen 12,8 %, Beißen/ Hinterhandschlag/ Angehen 12,7 % und Drohen/ Drohbeißen/ Hinterhanddrohen 33,9 %). In den Futterstationen wurden 22,5 % dieses Verhaltens beobachtet, vor und hinter den Futterstationen 77,5 %. Bei den Betrieben mit Fressständen fanden 31 % der agonistischen Verhaltensweisen in den Ständen statt, bei den Betrieben mit Abruffütterung 21 %. Der Einfl uss des einzelnen Betriebes (innerhalb Fütterungssystem) auf die agonistischen Verhaltensweisen vor und hinter den Fütterungseinrichtungen war signifi kant. Die Auswertung ergab, dass Drohgesten im Wartebereich von Abrufstationen häufi ger auftreten als in dem von Fressständen. Demgegenüber können Pferde in Abrufstationen ungestörter fressen. Insgesamt betrachtet war jedoch die Anzahl an sozionegativen Interaktionen im Bereich der Futtereinrichtungen bei beiden Fütterungssystemen gering. Die agonistischen Verhaltensweisen wurden zusätzlich noch von der Heumenge und dem Konstitutionstyp beeinfl usst. Der Betrieb erwies sich als maßgeblicher Einfl ussfaktor. Als Resümee ergibt sich, dass bei ordnungsgemäßer Gruppenhaltung mit fachgerechtem Management beide Fütterungssysteme für Pferde im Offenlaufstall geeignet sind. [The threatening and avoiding behaviour of 270 horses living in run-out sheds was observed at 10 stables with feeding stalls and at 11 stables with automatic feeding systems for hay and concentrates. Every group of horses was observed on five succeeding days visually and immediately for 6 sessions, each of 4 hours. These 6 slices form together 24 hours, a complete day. Altogether, 6297 agonistic behaviour patterns were registered in front of, inside and behind the feeding stations (avoiding behaviour 40.6 %, edging out of others 12.8 %, Auseinandersetzungen an automatischer Abruffütterung und Fressständen KTBL-Schrift 471 79 biting/rear leg kicking/charging 12.7 % und threatening/biting threats/rear leg kicking threats 33.9 %). 22.5 % of these types of behaviour were recorded in the feeding stations, 77.5 % together in front and behind of these. In the stables with feeding stalls there were 31 % of the observed threatening gestures inside the feeding stations, in the stables with automatic feeders only 21 %. The individual farm showed signifi cant infl uence on the modes of agonistic behaviour in front and behind the feeding facilities. Threatening gestures happen more often in the waiting area of automatic feeders than in that of feeding stalls. On the other hand horses in computer controlled systems will be less disturbed at eating. All together the number of negative interactions in the feeding area at both feeding systems was relatively low. In addition the agonistic behaviour was infl uenced by the quantity of hay and the constitutional typ of the horses. Because of the management of the individual stable exercises the most substantial infl uence on the behaviour of the horses, it can be said, that, correct group keeping with professional management provided, both feeding systems are suitable for horses in run-in sheds.] |
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Publisher | KTBL | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5763 | ||
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Author | Hoffmann, G.; Bentke, A.; Rose-Meierhöfer, S.; Berg, W.; Mazetti, P.; Hardarson, G.H. | ||||
Title | Influence of an active stable system on the behavior and body condition of Icelandic horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | animal | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 6 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1684-1693 |
Keywords | activity, automatic feeding system, behavior, body condition score, Icelandic horse | ||||
Abstract | Horses are often stabled in individual boxes, a method that does not meet their natural needs and may cause psychical and musculoskeletal diseases. This problem is particularly evident in Iceland, where horses often spend the long winter periods in cramped boxes. The aim of this study was to analyze the suitability of a group housing system in Iceland, but the results are also applicable to horses of other regions. Eight Icelandic horses were observed in an active stable system, and their behavior and time budget were recorded. Movement and lying behavior were studied with ALT (Activity, Lying, Temperature detection) pedometers. The effect of an automatic concentrate feeding station (CFS) on the horses’ behavior was examined. In the first period of investigation, the horses were fed concentrates manually, and in the second period, they were fed with the CFS. Additional behavioral observations and a determination of social hierarchy occurred directly or by video surveillance. The physical condition of the horses was recorded by body weight (BW) measurement and body condition scoring (BCS). The results showed a significant increase between the first and second trial periods in both the activity (P,0.001) and the lying time (P50.003) of the horses with use of the CFS. However, there was no significant change in BW during the first period without the CFS (P50.884) or during the second period with the CFS (P50.540). The BCS of the horses was constant at a very good level during both trial periods, and the horses showed a low level of aggression, a firm social hierarchy and behavioral synchronization. This study concludes that group housing according to the active stable principle is a welfare-friendly option for keeping horses and is a suitable alternative to conventional individual boxes. |
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Publisher | Cambridge Journals Online | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 1751-732x | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5759 | ||
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Author | Kummer, H.; Goodall, J. | ||||
Title | Conditions of Innovative Behaviour in Primates | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1985 | Publication | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 308 | Issue | 1135 | Pages | 203-214 |
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Abstract | Innovative behaviour achieved through exploration, learning and insight heavily depends on certain motivational, social and ecological conditions of short duration. We propose that more attention should be given to what these conditions are and where they are realized in natural groups of non-human primates. Only to the extent that such favourable conditions were frequently realized in a social structure or an extraspecific environment could selective pressures act on innovative abilities. There is hope that research into field conditions of innovative behaviour will help to identify its selectors in evolution. | ||||
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Notes | 10.1098/rstb.1985.0020 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5751 | ||
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Author | Bosch, O.J.; Nair, H.P.; Ahern, T.H.; Neumann, I.D.; Young, L.J. | ||||
Title | The CRF System Mediates Increased Passive Stress-Coping Behavior Following the Loss of a Bonded Partner in a Monogamous Rodent | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Neuropsychopharmacology | |
Volume | 34 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1406-1415 |
Keywords | prairie vole; passive stress-coping; forced swim test; tail suspension test; elevated plus-maze; hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis | ||||
Abstract | Social relationships significantly influence physiology and behavior, including the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis, anxiety, and mental health. Disruption of social bonds through separation or death often results in profound grieving, depression, and physical illness. As the monogamous prairie vole forms enduring, selective pair bonds with the mating partner, they provide an animal model to study the physiological consequences of pair bonding and, thus, the loss of the bonded partner. Male prairie voles were paired with a novel female or male sibling. After 5 days, half of the males of each group were separated from the partner. Elevated plus-maze, forced swim, and tail suspension tests were used to assess anxiety-like and passive stress-coping behaviors indicative of depressive-like behavior. Following 4 days of separation from the female but not the male partner, experimental males displayed increased passive stress-coping. This effect was abolished by long-term intracerebroventricular infusion of a nonselective corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonist without disrupting the bond itself. Both CRF type 1 and 2 receptors were involved in the emergence of passive stress-coping behavior. Furthermore, pairing with a female was associated with elevated CRF mRNA in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and partner loss elicited a pronounced increase in circulating corticosteroid and adrenal weight. We speculate that the CRF system may mediate an aversive affect following separation from the female partner, which may facilitate proximity seeking between the pair-bonded individuals. Hence, the prairie vole model may provide insights into brain mechanisms involved in the psychopathological consequences of partner loss. |
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Publisher | American College of Neuropsychopharmacology | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 0893-133x | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5731 | ||
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Author | Flauger, B.; Krueger, K.; Gerhards, H.; Moestl, E. | ||||
Title | Measurement of glucocorticoid metabolites in horse faeces: the validation of different group specific enzymeimmunoassays and extraction methods. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | Proceeding of the 102. Annual meeting of the Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft (DZG). | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 166 | ||
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Publisher | Dt. Zoologische Ges | Place of Publication | München | Editor | Cremer,S.;Schrempf,A.;Heinze,J. |
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ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-00-028368-0 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5718 | ||
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