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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Whiten, A. url  doi
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  Title Imitation of the sequential structure of actions by chimpanzees Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication J Comp Psychol Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 11 Issue Pages  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Whiten1998 Serial 6291  
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Author Breitenmoser, U. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Large predators in the Alps: the fall and rise of man's competitors Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Biol Conserv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 83 Issue Pages  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Breitenmoser1998 Serial 6450  
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Author Gese, E.M.; Ruff, R.L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Howling by coyotes (Canis latrans): variation among social classes, seasons, and pack sizes Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Can J Zool Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 76 Issue Pages  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Gese1998 Serial 6462  
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Author Peters, G.; Tembrock, G. openurl 
  Title Subharmonics, biphonation, and deterministic chaos in mammal vocalizations Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Bioacoustics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Pages  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Peters1998 Serial 6483  
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Author openurl 
  Title Animal Acoustic Communication: Sound Analysis and Research Methods Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Berlin Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ ref56 Serial 6497  
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Author Nissen, J. openurl 
  Title Enzyklopädie der Pferderassen Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Kosmos Place of Publication Stuttgart Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6543  
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Author Harman, A.M.; Moore, S.; Hoskins, R.; Keller, P. doi  openurl
  Title Horse vision and an explanation for the visual behaviour originally explained by the 'ramp retina' Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1999 Publication Equine veterinary journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 384-390  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Count; Eye/*anatomy & histology; Ganglia, Sensory/cytology; Horses/*physiology; Refractive Errors/veterinary; Retina/cytology/*physiology; Vision/*physiology; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields  
  Abstract Here we provide confirmation that the 'ramp retina' of the horse, once thought to result in head rotating visual behaviour, does not exist. We found a 9% variation in axial length of the eye between the streak region and the dorsal periphery. However, the difference was in the opposite direction to that proposed for the 'ramp retina'. Furthermore, acuity in the narrow, intense visual streak in the inferior retina is 16.5 cycles per degree compared with 2.7 cycles per degree in the periphery. Therefore, it is improbable that the horse rotates its head to focus onto the peripheral retina. Rather, the horse rotates the nose up high to observe distant objects because binocular overlap is oriented down the nose, with a blind area directly in front of the forehead.  
  Address Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:10505953 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 836  
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Author Hanggi, E.B. url  openurl
  Title Categorization Learning in Horses (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1999 Publication Journal of Comparative Psychology Abbreviated Journal J. Comp. Psychol.  
  Volume 113 Issue 3 Pages 243-252  
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  Abstract Categorization learning was investigated in 2 horses (Equus caballus). Both horses learned to select a 2-dimensional black stimulus with an open center instead of a filled stimulus in a 2-choice discrimination task. After a criterion of 10 out of 10 correct responses in a random series for 2 consecutive sessions was reached, 15 additional pairs of open-center versus filled stimuli were tested. Each was run to criterion and then incorporated into sessions of randomly mixed problems. Both horses solved the 1st problem by simple pattern discrimination and showed evidence of categorical processing for subsequent problems. New pairs were learned with few or no errors, and correct responses on novel trials were significantly above chance. These results suggest that the horses were making their selections on the basis of shared characteristics with the training stimuli and were using categorization skills in problem solving.  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3678  
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Author Weckerly, Floyd W. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Social bonding and aggression in female Roosevelt elk Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1999 Publication Canadian Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal Can J Zool  
  Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1379-1384  
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  Abstract Abstract: The relationship between degree of social bonding (extent of association among individuals) and level of aggression in ruminants is unclear. I examined social bonding and aggression in three groups of female Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti) over 2 years. I hypothesized that when animals are socially bonded, bouts of aggression will be won by the individual initiating the aggression, occur quickly, and involve little physical contact, and the level of aggression does not correlate with group size. The degree of social bonding was high among individuals in all groups. Dyads of known individuals were together >80% of the time. A permutation analysis indicated that groups with the observed sizes had <0.001 chance of random association, except on one occasion when the probability was 0.72 for one group. Using focal-animal sampling, aggressive interactions were won 72% of the time by the initiator, occurred quickly (<5 s), and involved little physical contact, and the level of aggression was not correlated with group size. The level of aggression was, however, significantly lower in one of the groups. This group may have had access to more abundant food resources than the other groups. Socially bonded elk conducted aggressive interactions in a fashion that did not disrupt social stability. Résumé : La relation entre le degré de liaison sociale (importance des associations entre individus) et l`agressivité n`est pas claire chez les ruminants. J`ai étudié les liaisons sociales et l`agressivité chez trois groupes de femelles du Cerf de Roosevelt (Cervus elaphus roosevelti) pendant 2 ans. J`ai posé en hypothèse que, chez les animaux liés socialement, la victoire devrait être emportée par l`individu qui entreprend l`agression, l`agression devrait être de courte durée, se faire avec peu de contacts physiques et la fréquence des agressions ne devrait pas être liée à la taille du groupe. Des paires d`individus passaient plus de 80% de leur temps ensemble. Une analyse des permutations a démontré que, chez les groupes des tailles observées, la probabilité d`une association aléatoire était de moins de 0,001, sauf en un cas où cette probabilité a été évaluée à 0,72 chez un groupe. Par échantillonnage directionnel, j`ai observé que les interactions agressives étaient gagnées par l`individu attaquant 72% du temps, étaient de courte durée (<5 s), se faisaient avec peu de contacts physiques et leur fréquence n`était pas reliée à la taille du groupe. Il y avait cependant moins d`agressivité chez l`un des groupes. Il se peut que ce groupe ait eu accès à plus de ressources alimentaires que les autres. Chez les cerfs liés par des liens sociaux, l`agressivité ne se manifeste pas de façon à déséquilibrer la stabilité sociale.  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4268  
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Author Tschudin, A. openurl 
  Title Relative Neocortex Size and Its Correlates in Dolphins: Comparisons with Humans and Implications for Mental Evolution Type Manuscript
  Year (up) 1999 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
  Publisher University of Natal Place of Publication Pietermaritzburg, South Africa Editor  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4727  
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