|
|
Alexander, F., & Davies, M. E. (1969). Studies on vitamin B12 in the horse. Br. Vet. J., 125(4), 169–176.
|
|
|
|
Ayres, C. M., Davey, L. M., & German, W. J. (1963). Cerebral Hydatidosis. Clinical Case Report With A Review Of Pathogenesis. J Neurosurg, 20, 371–377.
|
|
|
|
Bazovska, S., Awad-Masalmeh, M., Kmety, E., & Spalekova, M. (1992). [Legionella antibodies in domestic animals]. Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol, 41(5), 268–273.
Abstract: Serological examination of 420 domestic animals for the presence of antilegionella antibodies indicates their high exposure to legionellae. On examination by the microagglutination reaction with a serum dilution of 1:64 or more the highest positive values were recorded in horses which reacted with antigens of L. pneumophila 1-14 in 36.2% and with antigens of another 19 types of legionellae in 47.8%. In pigs positive values recorded in 16.2% and in 21.1%; in cattle in 3.8% and 29.5%, in sheep in 7.5% and 11.3% and laboratory rabbits were quite negative. The importance of these findings with regard to the possible role of animals in the ecology of legionellae is obscure.
|
|
|
|
Beaver, B. V. (1981). Problems & values associated with dominance. Vet Med Small Anim Clin, 76(8), 1129–1131.
|
|
|
|
Beerwerth, W., & Schurmann, J. (1969). [Contribution to the ecology of mycobacteria]. Zentralbl Bakteriol [Orig], 211(1), 58–69.
|
|
|
|
Begall, S., Malkemper, E. P., Cervený, J., Nemec, P., & Burda, H. (2013). Magnetic alignment in mammals and other animals. Mamm. Biol., 78(1), 10–20.
Abstract: Magnetic alignment (MA) constitutes the simplest directional response to the geomagnetic field. In contrast to magnetic compass orientation, MA is not goal directed and represents a spontaneous, fixed directional response. Because animals tend to align their bodies along or perpendicular to the magnetic field lines, MA typically leads to bimodal or quadrimodal orientation, although there is also growing evidence for a fixed unimodal orientation not necessarily coinciding with the magnetic cardinal directions. MA has been demonstrated in diverse animals including insects, amphibians, fish, and mammals. Alignment can be expressed by animals during resting as well as on the move (e.g. while grazing, hunting, feeding, etc.). Here, we briefly survey characteristic features and classical examples of MA and review the current knowledge about the occurrence of MA in mammals. In addition, we summarize what is known about mechanisms underlying MA and discuss its prospective biological functions. Finally, we highlight some physiological effects of alignment along the magnetic field axes reported in humans. We argue that the phenomenon of MA adds a new paradigm that can be exploited for investigation of magnetoreception in mammals.
|
|
|
|
Bell, F. R. (1972). Sleep in the larger domesticated animals. Proc R Soc Med, 65(2), 176–177.
|
|
|
|
Boray, J. C. (1969). Experimental fascioliasis in Australia. Adv Parasitol, 7, 95–210.
|
|
|
|
Bradley, B. L. (1980). Animal flavor types and their specific uses in compound feeds by species and age. Fortschr Tierphysiol Tierernahr, (11), 110–122.
|
|
|
|
Broucek, J., Uhrincat, M., KiÅ¡ac, P., Hanus, A.. (2004). Hair Whorl Position as a Predictor of Learning Ability and Locomotor Behavior in Cattle? ACTA VET. BRNO, 73(4), 455–459.
Abstract: The aim of our work was to investigate the hypothesis that the speed of solving the maze tests and
locomotor behavior of heifers in open-field tests are affected by the height location of facial whorl.
Fifty-eight Holstein heifers were used. Maze learning was observed at the age of 15 weeks, and an
open-field test was applied at two ages, 16 weeks and 18 months. Whorl placement was recorded by
one person as each heifer entered the scale. The hair whorl position was determined on the basis of
two patterns: A) hair whorl high, middle and low and B) hair whorl high and low. Heifers with a
high hair whorl were the fastest (77.8 ± 84.3 s) and heifers with a middle hair whorl the slowest (87.3
± 100.3 s) in the A pattern during the maze tests. In the B whorl pattern, heifers with a high hair whorl
ran across the maze in 84.5 ± 95.2 s and heifers with a low hair whorl in 84.1 ± 97.9 s. The number
of crossed squares in a 5-minute open-field test in the A pattern was the non-significantly highest in
heifers with a high hair whorl (43.4) at the age of 16 weeks. In the B whorl pattern, heifers with a
high hair whorl were also more mobile, but neither differences in individual minutes nor in the whole
5 minutes were significant. Heifers with a high hair whorl displayed the strongest locomotory
behavior (37.6 squares) and heifers with a low hair whorl (30.8) were the slowest in the A pattern at
the age of 18 months. The differences were not significant. In the B whorl pattern, heifers with a
high hair whorl crossed more squares, but the difference was not significant in comparison with
heifers with a low hair whorl. We found that the time of traversing the maze and the locomotor
activity in open-field test may not be influenced in the dairy cattle by the height facial whorl position
|
|
