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Singer R, B. E. (1966). Hipparion in Africa. Quarternaria, 8, 187–191.
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Thenius E,. (1966). Die Vorgeschichte der Einhufer. Z Säugetierk, 31.
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Tuijn P,. (1966). Historical notes on the quagga. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 36.
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Willoughby Dp,. (1966). The vanished quagga. J Amer Mus Nat Hist, 75, 60–64.
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Gilbert, B. K., & Hailman, J. P. (1966). Uncertainty of leadership-rank in fallow deer. Nature, 209(5027), 1041–1042.
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Richards, M. P. M. (1966). Maternal behaviour in virgin female golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus waterhouse): the role of the age of the test pup. Anim. Behav., 14(2-3), 303–309.
Abstract: Summary One hundred and forty-four naive virgin female golden hamsters were each given a single 15 min test with three pups aged from day 1 (<24 hr) to day 18. A group of eight females was tested with each age of pup. Pups aged from day 1 to day 6 were generally attacked like prey, killed and eaten. Pups of intermediate age (day 6 to day 10) were usually initially attacked but this was often followed by maternal responses. The females', behaviour with the oldest pups suggested that they were being treated as strnge adult intruders. This result differs from that of a similar experiment with mice in which the youngest pups were found to be the most effective for eliciting materal responses. An explanation for this difference in terms of the evolutionary history of the golden hamster species is proposed.
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Richards, M. P. M. (1966). Maternal behaviour in the golden hamster: responsiveness to young in virgin, pregnant, and lactating females. Anim. Behav., 14(2-3), 310–313.
Abstract: Summary Three groups of eight female golden hamsters without prior breeding experience were presented with three newborn pups for a 15 min test period. Group V were virgin females, group P pregnant females and group L lactating females. Groups P and L were tested within 24 hr of parturition. Group V attacked and killed all pups presented. Group P showed maternal responses after initial attacks while group L accepted the pups. Groups P and L did not differ significantly on measures of maternal responsiveness but all three groups differed significantly from one another on measures of attacking behaviour and the eating of young.
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Noirot, E., & Richards, M. P. M. (1966). Maternal behaviour in virgin female golden hamsters: Changes consequent upon initial contact with pups. Anim. Behav., 14(1), 7–10.
Abstract: Summary Initial contact with pups of a certain age causes changes in virgin female hamsters' behaviour with pups of another age. This was shown by comparing the behaviour with 5-day-old pups in groups of naive (control) animals and of animals given one previous contact either with 1, 5 or 9-day-old pups. Maternal responses were more intense in the animals previously presented with 1 or 9-day-old pups than in the control animals. Attacking was increased after initial contact with 1-day-old pups and decreased after initial contact with 9-day-old pups. Animals presented twice with the same pattern did not show marked changes in either of the two activities.
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Jolly, A. (1966). Lemur social behavior and primate intelligence. Science, 153(3735), 501–506.
Abstract: Our human intellect has resulted from an enormous leap in capacity above the level of monkeys and apes. Earlier, though, Old and New World monkeys' intelligence outdistanced that of other mammals, including the prosimian primates. This first great advance in intelligence probably was selected through interspecific competition on the large continents. However, even at this early stage, primate social life provided the evolutionary context of primate intelligence.
Two arguments support this conclusion. One is ontogenetic: modern monkeys learn so much of their social behavior, and learn their behavior toward food and toward other species through social example. The second is phylogenetic: some prosimians, the social lemurs, have evolved the usual primate type of society and social learning without the capacity to manipulate objects as monkeys do. It thus seems likely that the rudiments of primate society preceded the growth of primate intelligence, made it possible, and determined its nature.
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Cowley, J. J., & Griesel, R. D. (1966). The effect on growth and behaviour of rehabilitating first and second generation low protein rats. Anim. Behav., 14(4), 506–517.
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