|
|
Klingel H,. (1977). Observations on Social Organization and Behaviour of African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and E. hemionus). Z. Tierpsychol., 44, 323–331.
|
|
|
|
Clutton-Brock, T. H., Greenwood, P. J., & Powell, R. P. (1976). Ranks and relationships in Highland ponies and Highland Cows. Z. Tierpsychol., 41(2), 202–216.
Abstract: Recent studies of primates have questioned the importance of dominance hierarchies in groups living under natural conditions. In a herd of Highland ponies and one of Highland cattle grazing under free-range conditions on the Isle of Rhum (Inner Hebrides) well defined hierarchies were present. The provision of food produced a marked increase in the frequency of agonistic interactions but had no effect on the rank systems of the two herds. While rank was clearly important in affecting the distribution of agonistic interactions, it was poorly related to behaviour in non-agonistic situations.
|
|
|
|
Feist, J. D., & McCullough, D. R. (1976). Behavior patterns and communication in feral horses. Z. Tierpsychol., 41(4), 337–371.
Abstract: The social behavior of feral horses was studied in the western United States. Stable harem groups with a dominant stallion and bachelor hermaphrodite hermaphrodite groups occupied overlapping home ranges. Groups spacing, but not territoriality, was expressed. Harem group, stability resulted from strong dominance by dominant stallions, and fidelity of group members. Eliminations of group members were usually marked by urine of the dominant stallion. Hermaphrodite-hermaphrodite aggression involved spacing between harems and dominance in bachelor groups. Marking with feces was important in hermaphrodite-hermaphrodite interactions. Foaling occurred in May and early June, following the post-partum estrous. All breeding was done by harem stallions. Young were commonly nursed through yearling age. These horses showed social organizations similar to other feral horses and plains zebras.
|
|
|
|
Klingel H,. (1974). Soziale Organisation und Verhalten des Grevyzebras (Equus grevyi). Z. Tierpsychol., 36, 37–70.
|
|
|
|
Kiley, M. (1972). The vocalizations of ungulates, their causation and function. Z. Tierpsychol., 31(2), 171–222.
|
|
|
|
Hendrichs H,. (1972). Beobachtungen und Untersuchungen zur Ökologie und Ethologie, insbesondere zur sozialen Organisation, ostafrikanischer Säugetiere. Z. Tierpsychol., 30, 146.
|
|
|
|
Klingel H,. (1969). Dauerhafte Sozialverbände beim Bergzebra. Z. Tierpsychol., 26, 965–966.
|
|
|
|
Sambraus, H. H. (1969). Das soziale Lecken des Rindes. Z. Tierpsychol., 26(7), 805–810.
|
|
|
|
Klingel, H. (1968). Sozial Organisation und Verhaltensweisen von Hartmann- und Bergzebras (Equus zebra hartmannae und E. z. zebra). Z. Tierpsychol., 25, 76–88.
|
|
|
|
Klingel, H. (1967). Soziale Organisation und Verhalten freilebender Steppenzebras (Equus quagga). Z. Tierpsychol., 24(5), 580–624.
|
|
