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Clutton-Brock, T. H., Greenwood, P. J., & Powell, R. P. (1976). Ranks and relationships in Highland ponies and Highland Cows. Z. Tierpsychol., 41(2), 202–216.
Abstract: Recent studies of primates have questioned the importance of dominance hierarchies in groups living under natural conditions. In a herd of Highland ponies and one of Highland cattle grazing under free-range conditions on the Isle of Rhum (Inner Hebrides) well defined hierarchies were present. The provision of food produced a marked increase in the frequency of agonistic interactions but had no effect on the rank systems of the two herds. While rank was clearly important in affecting the distribution of agonistic interactions, it was poorly related to behaviour in non-agonistic situations.
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Grzimek B. (1949). Rechts- und Linkshändigkeit bei Pferden, Papageien und Affen. Z. Tierpsychol., 6(3), 406–432.
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Grzimek B,. (1943). Scheuversuche mit Pferden. Z. Tierpsychol., 6(1), 26–40.
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CROWELL-DAVIS SL et al. (1985). Snapping by foals of Equus caballus. Z. Tierpsychol., 69, 42–54.
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Wells Sm, G. - R. (1979). Social behaviour and relationship in a herd of Carmargue horses. Z. Tierpsychol., 49, 363–380.
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Klingel, H. (1968). Sozial Organisation und Verhaltensweisen von Hartmann- und Bergzebras (Equus zebra hartmannae und E. z. zebra). Z. Tierpsychol., 25, 76–88.
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Klingel H,. (1974). Soziale Organisation und Verhalten des Grevyzebras (Equus grevyi). Z. Tierpsychol., 36, 37–70.
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von Goldschmidt-Rothschild, V. B., & Tschanz, B. (1978). Soziale Organisation und Verhalten einer Jungtierherde beim Camargue-Pferd. Z. Tierpsychol., 46, 372–400.
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Klingel, H. (1967). Soziale Organisation und Verhalten freilebender Steppenzebras (Equus quagga). Z. Tierpsychol., 24(5), 580–624.
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de Waal, F. B. (1977). The organization of agonistic relations within two captive groups of Java-monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Z. Tierpsychol., 44(3), 225–282.
Abstract: The paper offers a detailed quantitative descripition of the distribution of agonistic activities over the members of two groups of Java-monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). These groups lived in captivity and were well-established: i.e. they had an extensive network of genealogical relationships. The study pays special attention to agonistic interactions with three or more participants. Its main purpose is an analysis of the way dyadic agonistic relations (e.g. dominance relations) are affected by third group members and the relations among these. The paper presents data on the ontogeny of 'dependent dominance', the 'control role' of the alpha-male, and the functions of different types of alliances.
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